RESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between pedometer-registered activity, aerobic capacity (VO(2 max)) and self-reported activity and fitness in patients with type 2 diabetes before and after a 12-week exercise programme. METHODS: Twenty-nine men with type 2 diabetes (age=57.4 (7.8) years, BMI=31.7 (2.8) kg/m(2)) underwent exercise testing, registered pedometer activity and reported their physical fitness and activity in a questionnaire. Participants were randomly allocated to an exercise (EX) group (n=15) or a control (CO) group (n=14). Participants in EX group were offered supervised exercise twice a week for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, participants again underwent exercise testing, fasting blood tests and registration of pedometer activity. RESULTS: At baseline, pedometer activity correlated with VO(2 max) (r=0.43, p=0.02) and with perceived physical fitness (r=0.48, p=0.02). After, but not before, intervention, pedometer activity and VO(2 max) additionally correlated with perceived everyday activity (r=0.62, p<0.01 and r=0.49, p=0.03, respectively). Both EX and CO groups tended to increase pedometer activity. In EX group, weight decreased by 2.7% (p=0.01), VO(2 max) increased 10.6% (p=0.03) and HbA1c decreased by 5.2% from baseline (p=0.02). In EX group, an increase in pedometer activity correlated with a fall in HbA1c (r=0.84, p<0.01) and in diastolic blood pressure (r=0.77, p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Pedometer activity correlates with VO(2 max) in type-2 diabetic patients. Our exercise programme was well tolerated; it produced favourable effects on body weight, aerobic capacity and metabolic control. The use of pedometer may lead to more realistic assessment of perceived everyday physical activity.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/rehabilitación , Actividad Motora , Consumo de Oxígeno , Adulto , Anciano , Antropometría , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatología , Prueba de Esfuerzo/métodos , Terapia por Ejercicio , Estudios de Factibilidad , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Aptitud FísicaRESUMEN
We sought to determine the international experience with the quadripolar diaphragm pacer system and to test two hypotheses: the incidence of pacer complications would be (1) increased among pediatric as compared to adult patients; and (2) highest among active pediatric patients with idiopathic congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS). Data were collected via a questionnaire coupled with the Atrotech Registry data for a total of 64 patients (35 children and 29 adults) from 14 countries. Thoracic implantation of electrodes and bilateral pacer use each occurred in 94% of all subjects. Tetraplegic (vs pediatric CCHS) patients were more typically paced 24 hours/day (P = 0.001). Pacing duration averaged 2.0 +/- 1.0 years among children and 2.2 +/- 1.1 years among adults. Infections occurred among 2.9% of surgical procedures, all in pediatric CCHS patients (vs pediatric tetraplegic patients, P = 0.01). The incidence of mechanical trauma was 3.8%, without significant differences among patient groups. The incidence of presumed electrode and receiver failure were 3.1% and 5.9%, respectively, with internal component failure greater among pediatric CCHS than pediatric tetraplegic patients (P < 0.01). Intermittent or absent function of 0-4 electrode combinations occurred among 19% of all patients, with increased frequency among pediatric CCHS than pediatric tetraplegic patients (P < 0.03). Complication-free successful pacing occurred in 60% of pediatric and 52% of adult patients. In all, 94% of the pediatric and 86% of the adult patients paced successfully after the necessary intervention. Although pacer complications were not increased among pediatric as compared to adult patients, the incidence of complications was highest among the active pediatric patients with CCHS. Longitudinal study of these patients will provide invaluable information for modification and improvement of the quadripolar system.
Asunto(s)
Diafragma/fisiología , Electrodos Implantados/efectos adversos , Hipoventilación/congénito , Hipoventilación/terapia , Nervio Frénico/fisiología , Cuadriplejía/terapia , Adulto , Niño , Estimulación Eléctrica , Falla de Equipo , Femenino , Humanos , Infecciones/etiología , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
In a group of 30 well trained young males (age 10-36 years) we did not find clear changes in spirometric values during and after 20 minutes submaximal exercise and cold air inhalation down to -16 degrees C. Smaller cold-related changes in lung volumes, breathing pattern and specific airway conductance was found, however. The youngest age group was not particularly cold-sensitive concerning airway function. Two subjects showed considerable stronger airway reaction than the rest of the group.