RESUMEN
The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of a comprehensive community trial on behavioral modification after 2 years of intervention. The interventions of this 6-year, comprehensive community-based study target the whole population, of nearly 2 180 000, living in 2 cities in Iran and are compared with another Iranian city considered as reference. Educational, environmental, and legislative interventions are being conducted at the population level. From the baseline to the second year of evaluation of this study, the consumption of hydrogenated fat decreased significantly in the intervention community, but it remained nearly constant in the reference area. Meanwhile, the consumption of liquid oil increased in the intervention community, whereas it decreased in the reference area. The prevalence of current smoking and attempt to smoke decreased, respectively, in men and youths living in the intervention area but increased or remained constant in the reference area; however, no favorable change was seen for smoking among women. Leisure time physical activity increased in women and declined in men of both communities; the slopes of these changes were greater in the intervention area. Although the consumption of salty/fat snacks slightly decreased in the school students of the intervention area, it had a sharp increase in the reference area. This program succeeded in improving some aspects of lifestyle in its different target groups. The authors suggest that the synergy of activities intensified the dose of interventions and led to this improvement.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Enfermedad Crónica/prevención & control , Redes Comunitarias , Promoción de la Salud/normas , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Irán/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Examen Físico , Conducta de Reducción del Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression is defined as a major depressive episode that occurs within four weeks after delivery. However, investigators describe a dramatic increase in the incidence of mood disorders after childbirth with the largest risk during 90 days after delivery. We aimed to study the risk factors of postpartum depression in women living in rural areas of Isfahan Province in Iran. METHODS: We assessed 6627 women, two to 12 months after delivery, for depression and putative risk factors. RESULTS: Unemployment, low education, mothers' young age, undesired gender of the child, unplanned pregnancy, and history of depression were the main risk factors of postpartum depression. History of depression, low education, primiparity, unplanned pregnancy, and undesired gender of the child had the highest risk score for postpartum depression in this group of Iranian women. CONCLUSION: Risk factors of postpartum depression in Isfahan Province were very similar to other studies, but the negative impact of low level of education, unplanned pregnancy, and undesired gender of the child on postnatal depression seems to be characteristic of this population.
Asunto(s)
Depresión Posparto/etiología , Adulto , Escolaridad , Empleo , Femenino , Humanos , Irán , Oportunidad Relativa , Embarazo , Factores de Riesgo , Salud RuralRESUMEN
AIMS: To evaluate the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in a screening program performed for the first time in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS: From May 2002 to December 2002, T4 and TSH serum concentrations of 20,000 3- to 7-day-old newborns, born in all 17 hospitals of the city, were measured by radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay, respectively. The newborns with abnormal screening results (TSH >20 mIU/l, T4 <6.5 microg/dl and based on the weight) were re-examined. RESULTS: Of 531 recalled subjects (recall rate 2.6%), 54 were confirmed to be hypothyroid, showing a prevalence of 1:370 for CH. CONCLUSION: Considering the high frequency of CH, the necessity of implementing a routine screening program in the healthcare system of Isfahan Province is emphasized.