Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Yellow fever (YF) is a pansystemic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), the prototype species of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus, and has a highly complex host-pathogen relationship, in which endothelial dysfunction reflects viral disease tropism. In this study, the in situ endothelial response was evaluated. Liver tissue samples were collected from 21 YFV-positive patients who died due to the disease and five flavivirus-negative controls who died of other causes and whose hepatic parenchyma architecture was preserved. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissues in the hepatic parenchyma of YF cases showed significantly higher expression of E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and very late antigen-4 in YFV-positive cases than in flavivirus-negative controls. These results indicate that endothelium activation aggravates the inflammatory response by inducing the expression of adhesion molecules that contribute to the rolling, recruitment, migration, and construction of the inflammatory process in the hepatic parenchyma in fatal YF cases.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: We report a case of a patient with a rare clinical condition: cystic angiomatosis presenting as pleural effusion and multiple bone lesions mimicking a metastatic malignant neoplasia. With only about 50 such cases published in the literature, it is important to report the clinical presentation and proposed treatment and to share information about the clinical evolution in these patients. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 45-year-old white man who presented to our hospital with ventilator-dependent pain. Chest tomography detected pleural effusion and multiple osteolytic bone lesions. Oncologic investigation for metastatic malignant neoplasia was started after exclusion of an infectious process. Imaging examinations revealed diffuse osteolytic lesions as well as cystic lesions of the spleen, with discrete glycolytic hypermetabolism visualized by positron emission tomography. After negative results were obtained by investigation of the primary tumor site and a bone biopsy, a final diagnosis of cystic angiomatosis was made. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the fact that cystic angiomatosis is a heterogeneous disorder of unpredictable prognosis and uncertain treatment, it is necessary to disseminate new cases so that further studies may be undertaken to obtain further physiopathological findings and an effective treatment.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Background: Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) in the liver is a solid lesion characterized by spontaneous benign nonneoplastic hepatocellular proliferation that occurs in animals and humans. The clinical course of FNH is usually asymptomatic in animals and humans; and its diagnosis is often an incidental finding during surgery, necropsy/autopsy, or imaging procedures for unrelated symptoms. Despite the lack of clinical significance or malignant transformation potential, FNH is an important differential diagnosis of hepatocellular adenoma, well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, nodular regenerative hyperplasia and metastatic disease. FNH is particularly uncommon in wild marsupials and other wild animals and this study aimed to describe for the first time the occurrence of hepatic FNH in a free-ranging marsupial.Case: During the fieldwork activities for investigation of liver diseases in wild animals, a well-demarcated, non-encapsulated focal nodule measuring 2.0 x 1.5 x 2.0 cm was observed on the parietal surface of right liver lobe of a wildlife adult female opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) from Anajás City, Marajó Island, Brazil. The nodule had a smooth, tan-to-yellow cut surface with small reddish areas devoid of visible fibrous bands and/or scars. The opossum was in good body condition and no other gross lesions were observed. Liver samples were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin and routinely processed for histopathological analysis. Tissue samples were embedded in paraffin, cut in 5 µm sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson’s trichrome (MT), reticulin and Perls stains and the slides were evaluated under light microscope. Liver tissue samples were also snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and submitted to DNA and RNA extraction for molecular screening for Orthohepadnavirus and Hepacivirus (homologous to hepatitis B and C viruses respectively) by previously described nested PCR and RT-PCR techniques.[...]

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Background: Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) in the liver is a solid lesion characterized by spontaneous benign nonneoplastic hepatocellular proliferation that occurs in animals and humans. The clinical course of FNH is usually asymptomatic in animals and humans; and its diagnosis is often an incidental finding during surgery, necropsy/autopsy, or imaging procedures for unrelated symptoms. Despite the lack of clinical significance or malignant transformation potential, FNH is an important differential diagnosis of hepatocellular adenoma, well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, nodular regenerative hyperplasia and metastatic disease. FNH is particularly uncommon in wild marsupials and other wild animals and this study aimed to describe for the first time the occurrence of hepatic FNH in a free-ranging marsupial.Case: During the fieldwork activities for investigation of liver diseases in wild animals, a well-demarcated, non-encapsulated focal nodule measuring 2.0 x 1.5 x 2.0 cm was observed on the parietal surface of right liver lobe of a wildlife adult female opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) from Anajás City, Marajó Island, Brazil. The nodule had a smooth, tan-to-yellow cut surface with small reddish areas devoid of visible fibrous bands and/or scars. The opossum was in good body condition and no other gross lesions were observed. Liver samples were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin and routinely processed for histopathological analysis. Tissue samples were embedded in paraffin, cut in 5 µm sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Massons trichrome (MT), reticulin and Perls stains and the slides were evaluated under light microscope. Liver tissue samples were also snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and submitted to DNA and RNA extraction for molecular screening for Orthohepadnavirus and Hepacivirus (homologous to hepatitis B and C viruses respectively) by previously described nested PCR and RT-PCR techniques.[...](AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The use of meshes in hernia surgical repair promoted revolution in the surgical area; however, some difficulties had come, such as a large area of fibrosis, greater postoperative pain and risk of infection. The search for new substances that minimize these effects should be encouraged. Medicinal plants stand out due possible active ingredients that can act on these problems. AIM: To check the copaiba oil influence in the repair of abdominal defects in rats corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. METHOD: Twenty-four Wistar rats were submitted to an abdominal defect and corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. They were distributed into two groups: control and copaíba via gavage, administered for seven days after surgery. The analysis of the animals took place on 8, 15 and 22 postoperative days. It analyzed the amount of adhesions and microscopic analysis of the mesh. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference regarding the amount of adhesions. All animals had signs of acute inflammation. In the control group, there were fewer macrophages in animals of the 8th compared to other days and greater amount of necrosis on day 8 than on day 22. In the copaiba group, the number of gigantocytes increased compared to the days analyzed. CONCLUSION: Copaiba oil showed an improvement in the inflammatory response accelerating its beginning; however, did not affect the amount of abdominal adhesions or collagen fibers.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Background:The use of meshes in hernia surgical repair promoted revolution in the surgical area; however, some difficulties had come, such as a large area of fibrosis, greater postoperative pain and risk of infection. The search for new substances that minimize these effects should be encouraged. Medicinal plants stand out due possible active ingredients that can act on these problems.Aim:To check the copaiba oil influence in the repair of abdominal defects in rats corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. Method:Twenty-four Wistar rats were submitted to an abdominal defect and corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. They were distributed into two groups: control and copaíba via gavage, administered for seven days after surgery. The analysis of the animals took place on 8, 15 and 22 postoperative days. It analyzed the amount of adhesions and microscopic analysis of the mesh.Results:There was no statistical difference regarding the amount of adhesions. All animals had signs of acute inflammation. In the control group, there were fewer macrophages in animals of the 8th compared to other days and greater amount of necrosis on day 8 than on day 22. In the copaiba group, the number of gigantocytes increased compared to the days analyzed.Conclusion:Copaiba oil showed an improvement in the inflammatory response accelerating its beginning; however, did not affect the amount of abdominal adhesions or collagen fibers.

Racional:A utilização de telas nas herniorrafias foi grande revolução na área cirúrgica; contudo, elas trouxeram algumas dificuldades, como grande área de fibrose, maior dor pós-operatória e risco de infecção. A busca por novas substâncias que minimizem esses efeitos deve ser estimulada. As plantas medicinais se destacam por apresentaram conjunto de princípios ativos que podem atuar em todos esses problemas.Objetivo:Verificar se o óleo de copaíba influência no reparo de defeitos abdominais em ratos corrigidos com tela de Vicryl®.Método:Vinte e quatro ratas Wistar foram submetidas a um defeito abdominal e corrigidos com tela de Vicryl®. Elas foram distribuídas em dois grupos: controle e copaíba via gavagem, administrada durante sete dias após a operação. A análise dos animais ocorreu nos dias 8, 15 e 22 de pós-operatório. Foi analisada a quantidade de aderências e feita análise microscópica da tela.Resultados:Não houve diferença estatística em relação à quantidade de aderências. Todos os animais tiveram sinais de inflamação aguda. No grupo controle, houve menor quantidade de macrófagos nos animais do dia 8 em relação aos demais dias e maior quantidade de necrose no dia 8 do que no dia 22. No grupo copaíba, o número de gigantócitos aumentou em relação aos dias analisados.Conclusão:O óleo de copaíba mostrou melhora na resposta inflamatória acelerando o seu início; contudo, não interferiu na quantidade de aderências abdominais ou fibras colágenas.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O linfoma de grandes células B primário mediastinal tímico (LBPM) possui alterações genéticas particulares, dentre as quais, amplificação da região cromossômica 9p. Recentes estudos correlacionam à patogênese do LBPM alguns genes (JMJD2c, SOCS1, STAT6, JAK2 e PDL1) associados direta ou indiretamente a esta região cromossômica. Estes são responsáveis por ativarem ou bloquearem diversas vias de sinalização que promovem aumento da atividade proliferativa celular e/ou escape a mecanismos imunes de defesa do hospedeiro, originando fenômenos oncogênicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a expressão proteica por imuno-histoquímica de genes relacionados a alterações cromossômica no 9p e correlacioná-las à expressão de marcadores relacionados à proliferação e ciclo celular, bem como a parâmetros clínicos e evolutivos. Para tanto, avaliamos 63 pacientes procedentes de 5 instituições do Estado de São Paulo diagnosticados no período de 1975 a 2011. Expressão de JAK2 (p=0,0009), PDL1 (p=0,0007) e p16 (p=0,0058) bem como estádio clínico agrupado (p=0,0015) e IPI (p<0,0001), foram fatores prognósticos relacionados a melhor sobrevida global...

Thymic primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (LBPM) has particular genetic changes, among which, amplification of chromosome 9p region. Recent studies correlate some genes (JMJD2c, SOCS1, STAT6, JAK2 and PDL1) directly or indirectly related to this chromosome region to the pathogenesis of LBPM. These are responsible for activating or blocking several signaling pathways that result in increased cell proliferative activity and / or escape the immune defense mechanisms of the host, leading to oncogenic phenomena. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protein expression by immunohistochemistry of genes related to chromosomal alterations in 9p and correlates them the expression of markers related to proliferation and cell cycle as well as clinical and outcome parameters. Therefore, we evaluated 63 patients coming from 5 institutions of the State of São Paulo diagnosed from 1975 to 2011. Expression JAK2 (p = 0.0009), PDL1 (p = 0.0007) and p16 (p = 0.0058 ) grouped clinical stage (p = 0.0015) and IPI (p <0.0001) were prognostic factors related to better overall survival...

Asunto(s)