RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Population ageing and changes in the epidemiological profile of neurological pathologies has resulted in an increase in patients with disabilities. Rehabilitation strategies such as Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMTm) play a key role in treating patients with neurologic deficiencies and motor impairments. This intervention is intended to mitigate disability, promote maximum functional independence, and optimize social and economic participation of patients with upper extremity weakness. Our goal was to assess the recovery of functional independence in patients after a stroke using to CIMTm. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Thirty-six subjects who had suffered stroke took part in a randomised clinical trial. The treatment was applied through either collective or individual modalities for three hours per day for a period of ten days. Participant's functional independence was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scale at the before and after of the intervention. RESULTS: An analysis of covariance carried out on the pre-test assessments indicates that the dependent variable presents significant differences (F1.31â=â42.78, pâ<â0.001, η2pâ=â0.72) in favour of the collective intervention modality. CONCLUSION: Both modalities of CIMTm intervention promote functional independence. However, the greatest improvements were observed in participants in the collective modality. Improvements in functional independence pursue a reduction in learned non-use behaviours through greater use of the paretic upper extremity in everyday activities.
Asunto(s)
Actividades Cotidianas , Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos/métodos , Recuperación de la Función/fisiología , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/métodos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Chile/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Método Simple Ciego , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/tendenciasRESUMEN
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne neurotropic viral pathogen maintained in an enzootic cycle between mosquitoes (vectors) and birds (natural hosts) with equids, humans, and other vertebrates acting as dead-end hosts. WNV activity in Mexico has been reported in several domestic and wild fauna and in humans, and the virus has been isolated from birds, mosquitoes, and humans. However, no serological studies have been conducted in monkeys, and only two in a limited number of crocodiles (Crocodylus moreletii). Here we present data on the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against WNV in 53 healthy wild monkeys (49 Ateles geoffroyi and four Alouatta pigra), and 80 semi-captive healthy crocodiles (60 C. acutus and 20 C. acutus-C. moreletti hybrids) sampled during 2012. None of the monkey sera neutralized WNV, whereas 55% of the crocodile sera presented neutralizing antibodies against WNV. These results can contribute to the design of surveillance programmes in Mexico.
Asunto(s)
Caimanes y Cocodrilos , Alouatta , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes/sangre , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Atelinae , Enfermedades de los Monos/epidemiología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/veterinaria , Virus del Nilo Occidental/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , México/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Monos/inmunología , Enfermedades de los Monos/virología , Prevalencia , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/epidemiología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/inmunología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/virologíaRESUMEN
West Nile virus (WNV) was probably introduced in southern and northern Mexico from the USA in two independent events. Since then, WNV activity has been reported in several Mexican states bordering the USA and the Gulf of Mexico, but disease manifestations seen there in humans and equids are quite different to those observed in the USA. We have analysed WNV seroprevalence in asymptomatic, unvaccinated equids from two Mexican states where no data had been previously recorded. WNV IgG antibodies were detected in 31.6% (91/288) of equine sera from Chiapas and Puebla states (53.3% and 8.0%, respectively). Analysis by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) showed good specificity (99.4%) and sensitivity (84.9%) with the ELISA results. Further analyses to detect antibodies against three different flaviviruses (WNV, St Louis encephalitis virus, Ilheus virus) by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests on a subset of 138 samples showed that 53% of the 83 HI-positive samples showed specific reaction to WNV. These data suggest continuous expansion of WNV through Mexico.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Caballos/epidemiología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Caballos/inmunología , Caballos , México/epidemiología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/epidemiología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Se presenta el caso de un melanoma melanótico primario de esófago confirmado histológicamente, con metástasis ganglionares y pulmonar, cuyos hallazgos mediante imágenes de resonancia magnética (RM), muestran la señal de intensidad típica en T1 de esta patología (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Melanoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética/diagnóstico , Melanoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
Se presenta el caso de un melanoma melanótico primario de esófago confirmado histológicamente, con metástasis ganglionares y pulmonar, cuyos hallazgos mediante imágenes de resonancia magnética (RM), muestran la señal de intensidad típica en T1 de esta patología
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Melanoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Melanoma , Espectroscopía de Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
A large-scale vaccination experiment involving a total of 138 cattle was carried out to evaluate the potential of synthetic peptides as vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease. Four types of peptides representing sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) C3 Argentina 85 were tested: A, which includes the G-H loop of capsid protein VP1 (site A); AT, in which a T-cell epitope has been added to site A; AC, composed of site A and the carboxy-terminal region of VP1 (site C); and ACT, in which the three previous capsid motifs are colinearly represented. Induction of neutralizing antibodies, lymphoproliferation in response to viral antigens, and protection against challenge with homologous infectious virus were examined. None of the tested peptides, at several doses and vaccination schedules, afforded protection above 40%. Protection showed limited correlation with serum neutralization activity and lymphoproliferation in response to whole virus. In 12 of 29 lesions from vaccinated cattle that were challenged with homologous virus, mutant FMDVs with amino acid substitutions at antigenic site A were identified. This finding suggests the rapid generation and selection of FMDV antigenic variants in vivo. In contrast with previous studies, this large-scale vaccination experiment with an important FMDV host reveals considerable difficulties for vaccines based on synthetic peptides to achieve the required levels of efficacy. Possible modifications of the vaccine formulations to increase protective activity are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Cápside/inmunología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/prevención & control , Fiebre Aftosa/prevención & control , Péptidos/inmunología , Vacunas Virales/inmunología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Aphthovirus/genética , Aphthovirus/inmunología , Cápside/síntesis química , Cápside/genética , Proteínas de la Cápside , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/inmunología , Línea Celular , Cricetinae , Fiebre Aftosa/inmunología , Esquemas de Inmunización , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutagénesis , Péptidos/síntesis química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Vacunación , Vacunas Sintéticas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Se realiza un análisis retrospectivo de los hallazgos radiológicos de los pacientes con diagnóstico de neoplasia gástrica maligna, operados entre enero de 1981 y diciembre de 1990, para determinar la eficacia del estudio radiológico seriado esófago gastroduodenal (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagen , Sulfato de Bario/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/clasificación , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Radiografía/métodos , Radiografía/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Presentamos un caso de fibrohistiocitoma maligno tipo inflamatorio con un patrón tomográfico no descripto, mostrando valores densitométricos negativos (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/patología , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/patología , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico por imagen , Sarcoma/diagnóstico , Sarcoma/patología , Sarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/patología , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Se realiza un análisis retrospectivo de los hallazgos radiológicos de los pacientes con diagnóstico de neoplasia gástrica maligna, operados entre enero de 1981 y diciembre de 1990, para determinar la eficacia del estudio radiológico seriado esófago gastroduodenal
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sulfato de Bario , Neoplasias Gástricas , Radiografía , Radiografía/estadística & datos numéricos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Neoplasias Gástricas/clasificación , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologíaRESUMEN
Presentamos un caso de fibrohistiocitoma maligno tipo inflamatorio con un patrón tomográfico no descripto, mostrando valores densitométricos negativos
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/patología , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales , Neoplasias Retroperitoneales/patología , Sarcoma , Sarcoma/diagnóstico , Sarcoma/patología , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/patologíaRESUMEN
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) prevention and control programs are dependent upon rapid, reliable diagnostic procedures. The widely used FMD diagnostic complement fixation (CF) procedures require a specific antiserum for each of the seven FMDV serotypes making the tests both cumbersome and difficult to standardize. An FMD diagnostic, monoclonal antibody based inhibition-ELISA procedure was developed. The test uses a single monoclonal antibody (MAb) that reacts with all European and South American FMDV isolates examined. The procedure detects a highly conserved epitope on the 12S protein subunit of FMDV which appears to be common to all FMDV's with the exception of the South African Territories 2 serotype. The results indicate that the sensitivity of this test is greater than CF and approaches that of virus isolation.