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BACKGROUND: Low polio vaccine coverage can result in the spread of Poliovirus to areas free from viral circulation. This study analyzed the temporal trends and spatial distribution of polio vaccine coverage in one year-old children in Brazil, between 2011 and 2021. METHODS: This was an ecological, time-series study (2011 to 2021) with annual vaccine coverages against poliomyelitis, extracted from the Information System of the National Immunization Program from the 26 States and the Distrito Federal (DF). The percentage reductions in vaccination coverage in Brazil and in the Regions were calculated. Prais-Winsten regression models were used to analyze time series for the Regions and States, and spatial analysis identified the distribution of clusters (high-high; low-low; high-low and low-high) of vaccination coverages across Brazilian municipalities, using a 5% significance level. RESULTS: From 2011 to 2021, the coverage of polio vaccines decreased by 29,9%. There was a progressive increase observed in clusters resulting in low vaccination coverages (140 low-low Brazilian municipalities in 2011 vs. 403 in 2021), mostly reported in the North and Northeast regions of the country. There was a downward trend in vaccination coverages in 24 of the 26 States and DF (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The reduction in polio vaccine coverage, as observed in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, may favor the spread of Poliovirus. Therefore, vaccination strategies should be prioritized for children residing in areas with sharp and recurrent declines in vaccination coverages, including travelers, migrants, and refugees.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To compare reference intervals (RI) of blood counts of Brazilian adults with and without sickle cell trait (SCT). Methods: Cross-sectional study, based on the National Health Survey, 2014-2015, composed of 8,952 individuals. The sample of patients with SCT was composed of 234 adults. The RIs of adults with and without SCT were compared in the study "Reference values for laboratory tests of blood count in the Brazilian adult population: National Health Survey", by Rosenfeld et al. (2019). The parametric method and the Student's t test were used for comparison (p≤0.05). Results: There were statistically significant differences between RIs of adults with and without SCT as far as sex is concerned for hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, white blood cells, absolute lymphocytes, mean platelet volume and RDW; At all ages, for white blood cells and RDW in men and for MCV, MCH, MCHC, mean platelet volume and RDW in women; Between 18 to 59 years, for MCH, MCV, MCHC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets in men and in women for lymphocytes, red blood cells, white blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and platelets; From 60 years old on, for hemoglobin and hematocrit in men and in women for hematocrit, white blood cells, neutrophils and platelets; In white, black and brown people for white blood cells, neutrophils and platelets (p<0.05). Conclusion: Brazilian adults with SCT had lower counts of hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, white blood cells and higher RDW than without SCT. The results show the importance of genetic counseling and further research to support the proper management of this condition in Brazil.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar intervalos de referência (IR) de hemograma de adultos brasileiros com e sem traço falciforme (HbAS). Métodos: Estudo transversal, com a base de dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, entre 2014-2015, composta por 8.952 indivíduos; 234 adultos constituíram a amostra com HbAS. Comparou-se IR de adultos com e sem HbAS do estudo "Valores de referência para exames laboratoriais de hemograma da população adulta brasileira: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde", de Rosenlfed e colaboradores (2019). Utilizaram-se o método paramétrico para estabelecer os IR e o teste t de Student para comparação (p≤0,05). Resultados: Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre IR de adultos com e sem HbAS nos homens e mulheres para hemoglobina, VCM, HCM, CHCM, glóbulos brancos, linfócitos absolutos, volume plaquetário médio e RDW; em todas as idades para glóbulos brancos e RDW nos homens e para VCM, HCM, CHCM, volume plaquetário médio e RDW nas mulheres; entre 18 a 59 anos para HCM, VCM, CHCM, neutrófilos, linfócitos e plaquetas nos homens e nas mulheres para linfócitos, glóbulos vermelhos, glóbulos brancos, neutrófilos, eosinófilos, monócitos e plaquetas; a partir de 60 anos para hemoglobina e hematócrito nos homens e nas mulheres para hematócrito, glóbulos brancos, neutrófilos e plaquetas; nas raças branca, preta e parda para glóbulos brancos, neutrófilos e plaquetas (p<0,05). Conclusão: Adultos brasileiros com HbAS tiveram menores contagens de hemoglobina, VCM, HCM, CHCM, glóbulos brancos e maiores de RDW que sem HbAS. Os resultados mostram a importância do aconselhamento genético e de pesquisas para subsidiar o manejo adequado desta condição no Brasil.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the reference intervals (RIs) of complete blood count parameters in the Brazilian adult population. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with data from the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde - PNS), between 2014-2015. The final sample consisted of 2,803 adults. To establish the RIs, exclusion criteria were applied, outliers were removed and partitions were made by gender, age, and race/skin color. The non-parametric method was adopted. Differences were assessed using the Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests (p≤0.05). Results: There were statistically significant differences for the following hematological parameters based on gender, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCH, MCHC, eosinophils and absolute monocytes, neutrophils and platelets (p≤0.05). When analyzed by age, the RIs were statistically different in females for hematocrit, MCV, white blood cells and RDW and in males for red blood cells, white blood cells, eosinophils, mean platelet volume, MCV, RDW, and MCH (p≤0.05). For race/color, there were differences in the RIs for parameters of hemoglobin, MCH, MCHC, white blood cells and mean platelet volume, neutrophils and absolute eosinophils (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The differences found in the RIs of some in blood count parameters in Brazilian adults reaffirm the importance of having their own laboratory reference standards. The results can support a more accurate interpretation of tests, adequate identification and disease prevention in Brazil.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar os intervalos de referência (IR) de parâmetros de hemograma completo na população adulta brasileira. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), entre 2014-2015. A amostra final constitui-se de 2.803 adultos. Para estabelecer os IR, aplicou-se critérios de exclusão, removeram-se outliers e foram feitos particionamentos por sexo, idade e raça/cor da pele. Adotou-se o método não paramétrico. As diferenças foram avaliadas pelos testes Mann Withney e Kruskal Wallis (p≤0,05). Resultados: Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos IR segundo sexo para glóbulos vermelhos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, HCM, CHCM, eosinófilos, monócitos, neutrófilos absolutos e plaquetas (p≤0,05). Quando analisados por idade, houve diferenças nos IR de mulheres para hematócrito, VCM, glóbulos brancos e RDW, e nos homens em glóbulos vermelhos, glóbulos brancos, eosinófilos, volume plaquetário médios, VCM, RDW e HCM (p≤0,05). Para raça/cor, houve diferenças nos IR de hemoglobina, HCM, CHMC, glóbulos brancos e volume plaquetário médio, neutrófilos e eosinófilos absolutos (p≤0,05). Conclusão: As diferenças encontradas nos IR de alguns parâmetros de hemograma nos adultos brasileiros, reafirmam a importância de se ter padrões laboratoriais próprios de referência. Os resultados podem subsidiar a interpretação mais precisa dos exames, identificação adequada e a prevenção de doenças no Brasil.

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OBJECTIVE: to analyze the prevalence of schoolchildren vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) and the reasons related to non-vaccination. METHOD: cross-sectional study, with data from the 2019 National Survey of School Health. The sample consisted of 160,721 students aged 13 to 17 years. The prevalence and confidence intervals (95%CI) of vaccinated adolescents were estimated according to location, sex, and administrative dependence of the school. The differences between the strata were evaluated with the Chi-square test. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95%CI were estimated with the Poisson regression model. RESULTS: most of the students were vaccinated (62.9%), and the prevalence of girls (76.1%) was higher than that of boys (49.1%). The most prevalent reason for not vaccinating was "did not know they had to take" (46.8%), with the highest aPR in public schoolchildren in Brazil (1.6; 95%CI 1.5;1.7), from the Northeast region (1.2; 95%CI 1.1;1.2), and in students from private schools in the Northeast regions (1.1; 95%CI 1.1;1.2) and North (1.3; 95%CI 1.2;1.4). CONCLUSION: one out of every two Brazilian schoolchildren was vaccinated against HPV. Misinformation was a recurring reason for non-vaccination. The North and Northeast regions had the highest prevalence of non-vaccinated people, observed mainly in adolescents from public schools. HIGHLIGHTS: (1) 63% of Brazilian schoolchildren reported having been vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV).(2) In Brazil, in 2019, the prevalence of immunized girls was higher than that of boys.(3) Misinformation and fear are reasons for hesitating vaccination.(4) Social and health inequalities may reflect upon HPV vaccination.(5) Achieving the goal of 80% in HPV vaccination coverage is a challenge in Brazil.

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This study aims to analyze the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and its associated factors in the Brazilian adult population. It is a cross-sectional study using the 2019 National Health Survey. Prevalence and crude prevalence ratios (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa) of self-reported diabetes were estimated, with confidence intervals (95% CI), using Poisson regression. In the 82,349 adults, the prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 7.7%. Positively associated factors were: advanced age with greater association after 60 years (PRa 24.87; 95%CI 15.78-39.18); living in the Northeast (PRa 1.16; 95%CI 1.04-1.29), Southeast (PRa 1.27; 95% CI 1.14-1.43), South (PRa 1.18; 95%CI 1, 05-1.34), and Midwest (PRa 1.21; 95%CI 1.06-1.38); being a former smoker (PRa 1.17; 95%CI 1.09-1.27); self-assessment of regular health (PRa 2.41; 95%CI 2.21-2.64), bad/very bad (PRa 3.45; 95%CI 3.06-3.88); having heart disease (PRa 1.81; 95%CI 1.64-2.00), hypertension (PRa 2.84; 95%CI 2.60-3.69), high cholesterol (PRa 2.22; 95%CI 2.05-2.41), overweight (PRa 1.49; 95%CI 1.36-1.64), and obesity (PRa 2.25; 95%CI 2.05-2.47). It could be concluded that diabetes in Brazilian adults is associated with sociodemographic factors, aging, lifestyle, and morbidities. These results can guide public policies for the prevention and control of disease in Brazil.

O estudo analisa a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido e fatores associados na população adulta brasileira. Estudo transversal usando a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019. Estimaram-se as prevalências e razões de prevalência brutas (RPb) e ajustadas (RPa) de diabetes autorreferido, com intervalos de confiança (IC95%), empregando-se regressão de Poisson. Nos 82.349 adultos, a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido foi de 7,7%. Associaram-se positivamente: idade avançada, sendo maior após 60 anos (RPa 24,87; IC95%: 15,78-39,18); residir nas regiões Nordeste (RPa 1,16; IC95%: 1,04-1,29), Sudeste (RPa 1,27; IC95%: 1,14-1,43), Sul (RPa 1,18; IC95%: 1,05-1,34) e Centro-Oeste (RPa 1,21; IC95%: 1,06-1,38), ser ex-fumante (RPa 1,17; IC95%: 1,09-1,27), autoavaliação de saúde regular (RPa 2,41; IC95%: 2,21-2,64), ruim/muito ruim (RPa 3,45; IC95%: 3,06-3,88), ter doença cardíaca (RPa 1,81; IC95%: 1,64-2,00), hipertensão (RPa 2,84; IC95%: 2,60-3,69), colesterol elevado (RPa 2,22; IC95%: 2,05-2,41), sobrepeso (RPa 1,49; IC95%: 1,36-1,64) e obesidade (RPa 2,25; IC95%: 2,05- 2,47). Conclui-se que o diabetes nos adultos brasileiros se associa a fatores sociodemográficos, envelhecimento, estilos de vida e morbidades. Esses resultados podem orientar políticas públicas para prevenção e controle da doença no Brasil.

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RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as produções científicas publicadas que utilizaram os resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) como fonte de dados. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão bibliométrica. Foram incluídos na revisão artigos publicados em periódicos indexados, em inglês, espanhol e português, datados a partir de 2009. Para o processo de sistematização e apresentação dos resultados, consideraram-se as seguintes variáveis: ano de publicação; idioma; autoria; vinculação institucional do primeiro autor; palavras-chave; categorias temáticas; e periódico em que foi publicado o estudo. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados a partir do levantamento das frequências absolutas e relativas para cada variável. Resultados: nesta revisão, foram incluídos 131 estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2021. Em 2014, 2018 e 2021, houve um aumento expressivo do quantitativo de publicações. A maioria dos estudos foram publicados dos seguintes periódicos: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, Ciência & Saúde Coletiva e Cadernos de Saúde Pública. A principal categoria temática foi referente aos "Fatores de Risco e de Proteção para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis". Conclusão: os resultados evidenciam a importância da PeNSE na produção do conhecimento científico brasileiro e na vigilância em saúde dos adolescentes brasileiros.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las producciones científicas publicadas que utilizaron los resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar (PeNSE, por sus siglas en portugués) como fuente de datos. Métodos: se trata de una revisión bibliométrica. La revisión incluyó artículos publicados en revistas indexadas, en inglés, español y portugués, publicados a partir de 2009. Para el proceso de sistematización y presentación de los resultados, se consideraron las siguientes variables: año de publicación; idioma; autoría; afiliación institucional del primer autor; palabras clave; categorías temáticas y revista donde se publicó el estudio. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los datos, basado en las frecuencias absolutas y relativas de cada variable. Resultados: se incluyeron en esta revisión 131 estudios publicados entre 2010 y 2021. En 2014, 2018 y 2021 se produjo un aumento significativo del número de publicaciones. La mayoría de los estudios se publicaron en la Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, Ciência & Saúde Coletiva y en Cadernos de Saúde Pública. La principal categoría temática estaba relacionada con los "Factores de riesgo y protección de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles". Conclusión: los resultados destacan la importancia del PeNSE en la producción de conocimiento científico brasileño y en la vigilancia de la salud de los adolescentes brasileños.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the published scientific productions that used the results of the National School Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, PeNSE) as data source. Method: this is a bibliometric review. The review included articles published in indexed journals in English, Spanish and Portuguese, dated from 2009. For the process of systematization and presentation of the results, the following variables were considered: year of publication; language; authorship; institutional affiliation of the first author; keywords; thematic categories; and journal in which the study was published. A descriptive data analysis was performed from the survey of absolute and relative frequencies for each variable. Results: a total of 31 studies published between 2010 and 2021 were included in this review. In 2014, 2018 and 2021, there was a significant increase in the number of publications. Most of the studies were published in the following journals: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, Ciência & Saúde Coletiva and Cadernos de Saúde Pública. The main thematic category was related to "Risk and Protection Factors for chronic non-communicable diseases". Conclusion: the results show the importance of PeNSE in the production of Brazilian scientific knowledge and in the health surveillance of Brazilian adolescents.

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RESUMO Objetivo: estimar intervalos de referência (IR) de creatinina e hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) na população adulta brasileira. Métodos: estudo transversal, utilizando na base de dados Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), entre 2014-2015, composta por 8.952 adultos. Para estabelecer IR, aplicaram-se critérios de exclusão, removeram-se outliers e foi feita estratificação. Após esses procedimentos, a amostra constitui-se de 2.723 adultos para HbA1c e de 2.738 adultos para creatinina. Avaliaram-se diferenças pelos testes Mann Withney e Kruskal Wallis (p≤0,05). Resultados: homens (IR 0,69-1,25; mediana 0,95 mg/dL) apresentaram maiores IR para creatinina que mulheres (IR 0,53-1,05; mediana 0,74 mg/dL) e tiveram maiores valores de limites inferiores (LI) e mediana de HbA1c (sexo masculino: IR: 4,55-5,97; mediana 5,3%; sexo feminino: IR 4,49-5,97; mediana 5,20%) (p≤0,05). Nas mulheres, IR para creatinina foram mais elevados entre 45 a 59 anos (IR: 0,55-1,04; mediana 0,77 mg/dL) e a partir dos 60 anos (IR: 0,54-0,98; mediana 0,77 mg/dL (p≤0,05). Para HbA1c, homens apresentaram IR mais elevados a partir de 60 anos (IR 4,65-6,07; mediana 5,44%) e mulheres a partir de 45 anos (45 a 59 anos: IR 4,61-6,05; mediana 5,40%; e 60 anos ou mais: IR 4,82-6,03; mediana 5,50%) (p≤0,05). Para creatina, foram observados menores LI dos IR e mediana mais proeminente nos adultos de raça/cor branca (IR: 0,56-1,19; mediana 0,85%) em comparação com a parda (IR: 0,55-1,19; mediana 0,84%) (p≤0,05). Conclusão: IR próprios possibilitam desvelar as condições de saúde dos adultos brasileiros e podem subsidiar a identificação adequada de doença renal crônica e diabetes.

RESUMEN Objetivo: estimar los intervalos de referencia (IR) de creatinina y hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) en la población adulta brasileña. Métodos: estudio transversal, utilizando la base de datos Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), entre 2014-2015, compuesto por 8.952 adultos. Para establecer la IR, se aplicaron criterios de exclusión, se eliminaron los valores atípicos y se realizó una estratificación. Tras estos procedimientos, la muestra estaba formada por 2.723 adultos para la HbA1c y 2.738 adultos para la creatinina. Las diferencias se evaluaron mediante las pruebas de Mann Withney y Kruskal Wallis (p≤0,05). Resultados: los hombres (IR 0,69-1,25; mediana 0,95 mg/dL) tenían un IR de creatinina más alto que las mujeres (IR 0,53-1,05; mediana 0,74 mg/dL) y presentaban valores de límite inferior (LI) y mediana de HbA1c más altos (hombre: IR: 4,55-5,97; mediana 5,3%; mujer: IR 4,49-5,97; mediana 5,20%) (p≤0,05). En las mujeres, los IR para la creatinina fueron mayores entre los 45 y los 59 años (IR: 0,55-1,04; mediana 0,77 mg/dL) y a partir de los 60 años (IR: 0,54-0,98; mediana 0,77 mg/dL (p≤0,05). En cuanto a la HbA1c, los hombres mostraron una IR más alta a partir de los 60 años (IR 4,65-6,07; mediana 5,44%) y las mujeres a partir de los 45 años (45 a 59 años: IR 4,61-6,05; mediana 5,40%; y 60 años o más: IR 4,82-6,03; mediana 5,50%) (p≤0,05). En el caso de la creatina, observamos un menor LI de los IR y una mediana más prominente en los adultos blancos (IR: 0,56-1,19; mediana 0,85%) en comparación con los adultos morenos (IR: 0,55-1,19; mediana 0,84%) (p≤0,05). Conclusión: las IR propias permiten desvelar las condiciones de salud de los adultos brasileños y pueden subsidiar la correcta identificación de la enfermedad renal crónica y la diabetes.

ABSTRACT Objective : to estimate reference intervals (RIs) of creatinine and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the Brazilian adult population. Methods : a cross-sectional study, using the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, PNS) database, between 2014-2015, consisting of 8,952 adults. To establish RIs, exclusion criteria were applied, outliers were removed and stratification was performed. After these procedures, the sample consisted of 2,723 adults for HbA1c and 2,738 adults for creatinine. Differences were evaluated by means of the Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests (p≤0.05). Results : men (RI: 0.69-1.25; median: 0.95 mg/dL) had higher RIs for creatinine than women (RI: 0.53-1.05; median: 0.74 mg/dL) and higher lower limit (LL) values and median HbA1c (male: RI: 4.55-5.97; median: 5.3%; female: RI: 4.49-5.97; median: 5.20%) (p≤0.05). In women, the RIs for creatinine were higher in the age groups between 45 and 59 years old (RI: 0.55-1.04; median: 0.77 mg/dL) and from 60 years old (RI: 0.54-0.98; median: 0.77 mg/dL (p≤0.05). For HbA1c, men had higher RIs from age 60 (RI: 4.65-6.07; median: 5.44%) and women from 45 years old (45-59: RI: 4.61-6.05; median: 5.40%; and 60 years old or more: RI: 4.82-6.03; median: 5.50%) (p≤0.05). For creatinine, lower RI LLs and more prominent medians were observed in white-skinned adults (RI: 0.56-1.19; median: 0.85%) when compared to brown-skinned (RI: 0.55-1.19; median: 0.84%) (p≤0.05). Conclusion : appropriate RIs make it possible to unveil the health conditions of Brazilian adults and can support proper identification of chronic kidney disease and diabetes.

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RESUMO Objetivo: descrever as prevalências de fatores de risco e de proteção para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) em escolares brasileiros no ano de 2019 e compará-las às de 2015. Método: estudo transversal realizado com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) de 2015 e 2019. Para 2019, estimaram-se as prevalências e os intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) dos indicadores alimentação, atividade física e comportamento sedentário e uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, considerando o sexo, a dependência administrativa da escola e a Unidade da Federação. Para comparar esses indicadores com o ano de 2015, considerouse a população total. Resultados: ao comparar 2015 com 2019, observou-se uma redução do consumo de frutas (2015: 30,9% - IC95% 29,6-32,3; 2019: 26,9% - IC95% 26,3-27,6), refrigerante (2015: 27,2% - IC95% 25,6-28,9; 2019: 17,2% - IC95% 16,6-17,8), guloseimas (2015: 40,6% - IC95% 39,0-42,1; 2019: 32,8% - IC95% 32,1-33,4) e de atividade física (2015: 31,6% - IC95% 30,1-33,2; 2019: 28,1% - IC95% 27,4-28,8); por outro lado, foi observado um aumento da embriaguez (2015: 27,2% - IC95% 25,4-28,9; 2019: 47,0% - IC95% 46,0-47,9). Conclusão: ao comparar as edições de 2015 e 2019 da Pesquisa, perceberam-se mudanças nas prevalências de fatores de risco e de proteção para as DCNT. Esses resultados reforçam a importância das estratégias e ações para promoção da saúde dos adolescentes, especialmente por ser um grupo em fase de grandes transformações e psicobiológicas e sociais.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo y protección de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) en los e studiantes brasileños en 2019 y compararla con la de 2015. Método: est udio transversal con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar de 2015 y 2019. Se estimó la prevalencia y los inter valos de conf ian za del 95% (IC95%) de los indicadores de alimentación, actividad física y comportamiento sedentario y consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, según sexo, dependencia administrativa del centro escolar y Unidad Federativa para 2019. Para la comparación de estos indicadores con el año 2015, se consideró la población total. Resultados: al comparar 2015 con 2019, se observó una reducción en el consumo de frutas (2015: 30,9% - IC95% 29,6-32,3; 2019: 26,9% - IC95% 26,3-27,6), refrescos (2015: 27,2% - IC95% 25,6-28,9; 2019: 17,2% - IC95% 16,6-17,8), golosinas (2015: 40,6% - IC95% 39,0-42,1; 2019: 32,8% - IC95% 32,1-33,4), la actividad física (2015: 31,6% - IC95% 30,1-33,2; 2019: 28,1% - IC95% 27,4-28,8) y el aumento de la embriaguez (2015: 27,2% - IC95% 25,4-28,9; 2019: 47,0% - IC95% 46,0-47,9). Conclusión: hubo cambios en la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo y protección de las ECNT al comparar las ediciones de 2015 y 2019 de la Encuesta. Estos resultados refuerzan la importancia de las estrategias y acciones de promoción de la salud de los adolescentes, sobre todo porque se trata de un grupo que experimenta grandes transformaciones psicobiológicas y sociales.

ABSTRACT Objective: to descr ibe the prevalence values of ri sk and protect ion factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) among Brazilian students in 2019 and to compare them with those from 2015. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with data f rom the 2015 and 2019 National School Health Survey (Pesqui sa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, PeNSE). For 2019, the prevalence value s and 95% confidence inter vals (95% CI) of the indicators regarding diet, physical activit y and sedentary behavior, and use of licit and illicit drugs were estimated, con sidering gender, the school's administrative system and the Federation Unit. The total population was considered to compare these indicators with those from 2015. Results: when comparing 2015 to 2019, a reduction was observed in fruit consumption (2015: 30.9% - 95% CI: 29.6-32.3; 2019: 26.9% - 95% CI: 26.3-27.6), soft drinks (2015: 27.2% - 95% CI: 25.6-28.9; 2019: 17.2% - 95% CI: 16.6-17.8), sweet treats (2015: 40.6% -95% CI: 39.0-42.1; 2019: 32.8% - 95% CI: 32.1-33.4) and physical activity (2015: 31.6% - 95% CI: 30.1-33.2; 2019: 28.1% - 95% CI: 27.4-28.8); on the other hand, an increase in alcohol consumption was noticed (2015: 27.2% - 95% CI: 25.4-28.9; 2019: 47.0% - 95% CI: 46.0-47.9). Conclusion: when comparing the 2015 and 2019 edition s of the Sur vey, changes were perceived in the prevalence value s of ri sk and protect ion factors for CNCDs. These results reinforce the importance of the strategies and action s to promote adolescents' health, especially for being a group undergoing a pha se marked by major psychobiological and social transformations.

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Abstract Objective: to analyze the prevalence of schoolchildren vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) and the reasons related to non-vaccination. Method: cross-sectional study, with data from the 2019 National Survey of School Health. The sample consisted of 160,721 students aged 13 to 17 years. The prevalence and confidence intervals (95%CI) of vaccinated adolescents were estimated according to location, sex, and administrative dependence of the school. The differences between the strata were evaluated with the Chi-square test. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95%CI were estimated with the Poisson regression model. Results: most of the students were vaccinated (62.9%), and the prevalence of girls (76.1%) was higher than that of boys (49.1%). The most prevalent reason for not vaccinating was "did not know they had to take" (46.8%), with the highest aPR in public schoolchildren in Brazil (1.6; 95%CI 1.5;1.7), from the Northeast region (1.2; 95%CI 1.1;1.2), and in students from private schools in the Northeast regions (1.1; 95%CI 1.1;1.2) and North (1.3; 95%CI 1.2;1.4). Conclusion: one out of every two Brazilian schoolchildren was vaccinated against HPV. Misinformation was a recurring reason for non-vaccination. The North and Northeast regions had the highest prevalence of non-vaccinated people, observed mainly in adolescents from public schools.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de escolares vacinados contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV) e os motivos relacionados à não vacinação. Método: estudo transversal, com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2019. A amostra foi composta por 160.721 estudantes de 13 a 17 anos. Foram estimadas as prevalências e intervalos de confiança (IC95%) de adolescentes vacinados segundo localização, sexo e dependência administrativa da escola. Avaliaram-se as diferenças entre os estratos pelo teste Qui-quadrado. Estimaram-se as razões de prevalência ajustadas (RPa) e os IC95% pelo modelo de regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a maioria dos escolares foram vacinados (62,9%), sendo a prevalência de meninas (76,1%) superior à de meninos (49,1%). O motivo mais prevalente foi "não sabia que tinha que tomar" (46,8%), sendo as RPa mais elevadas em escolares de escolas públicas do Brasil (1,6; IC95% 1,5;1,7), da região Nordeste (1,2; IC95% 1,1;1,2) e em estudantes de escolas privadas das regiões Nordeste (1,1; IC95% 1,1;1,2) e Norte (1,3; IC95% 1,2;1,4). Conclusão: um a cada dois escolares brasileiros foi vacinado contra o HPV. A desinformação foi um motivo frequente para a não vacinação. As regiões Norte e Nordeste apresentaram as maiores prevalências de não vacinados, observadas principalmente em adolescentes de escolas públicas.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de escolares vacunados contra el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y las razones relacionadas con la no vacunación. Método: estudio transversal, con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud del Escolar de 2019. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 160, 721 estudiantes de 13 a 17 años. Se estimaron las prevalencias e intervalos de confianza (IC95%) de adolescentes vacunados según ubicación, sexo y dependencia administrativa de la escuela. Las diferencias entre estratos se evaluaron mediante la prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Se estimaron las razones de prevalencia ajustadas (RPa) y los IC95% por el modelo de regresión de Poisson. Resultados: la mayoría de los escolares fueron vacunados (62,9%), siendo la prevalencia de niñas (76,1%) superior a la de los niños (49,1%). La razón más prevalente fue "no sabía que tenía que tomar" (46,8%), siendo las RPa más elevadas en escolares de escuelas públicas de Brasil (1,6; IC95% 1,5; 1,7), de la región Nordeste (1,2; IC95% 1,1; 1,2) y en estudiantes de escuelas privadas de las regiones de Nordeste (1,1; IC95% 1,1; 1,2) y Norte (1,3; IC95% 1,2; 1,4). Conclusión: uno de cada dos escolares brasileños ha sido vacunado contra el VPH. La desinformación fue una razón frecuente para la no vacunación. Las regiones Norte y Nordeste presentaron las mayores prevalencias de no vacunados, observadas principalmente en adolescentes de escuelas públicas.

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Resumo O estudo analisa a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido e fatores associados na população adulta brasileira. Estudo transversal usando a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019. Estimaram-se as prevalências e razões de prevalência brutas (RPb) e ajustadas (RPa) de diabetes autorreferido, com intervalos de confiança (IC95%), empregando-se regressão de Poisson. Nos 82.349 adultos, a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido foi de 7,7%. Associaram-se positivamente: idade avançada, sendo maior após 60 anos (RPa 24,87; IC95%: 15,78-39,18); residir nas regiões Nordeste (RPa 1,16; IC95%: 1,04-1,29), Sudeste (RPa 1,27; IC95%: 1,14-1,43), Sul (RPa 1,18; IC95%: 1,05-1,34) e Centro-Oeste (RPa 1,21; IC95%: 1,06-1,38), ser ex-fumante (RPa 1,17; IC95%: 1,09-1,27), autoavaliação de saúde regular (RPa 2,41; IC95%: 2,21-2,64), ruim/muito ruim (RPa 3,45; IC95%: 3,06-3,88), ter doença cardíaca (RPa 1,81; IC95%: 1,64-2,00), hipertensão (RPa 2,84; IC95%: 2,60-3,69), colesterol elevado (RPa 2,22; IC95%: 2,05-2,41), sobrepeso (RPa 1,49; IC95%: 1,36-1,64) e obesidade (RPa 2,25; IC95%: 2,05- 2,47). Conclui-se que o diabetes nos adultos brasileiros se associa a fatores sociodemográficos, envelhecimento, estilos de vida e morbidades. Esses resultados podem orientar políticas públicas para prevenção e controle da doença no Brasil.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and its associated factors in the Brazilian adult population. It is a cross-sectional study using the 2019 National Health Survey. Prevalence and crude prevalence ratios (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa) of self-reported diabetes were estimated, with confidence intervals (95% CI), using Poisson regression. In the 82,349 adults, the prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 7.7%. Positively associated factors were: advanced age with greater association after 60 years (PRa 24.87; 95%CI 15.78-39.18); living in the Northeast (PRa 1.16; 95%CI 1.04-1.29), Southeast (PRa 1.27; 95% CI 1.14-1.43), South (PRa 1.18; 95%CI 1, 05-1.34), and Midwest (PRa 1.21; 95%CI 1.06-1.38); being a former smoker (PRa 1.17; 95%CI 1.09-1.27); self-assessment of regular health (PRa 2.41; 95%CI 2.21-2.64), bad/very bad (PRa 3.45; 95%CI 3.06-3.88); having heart disease (PRa 1.81; 95%CI 1.64-2.00), hypertension (PRa 2.84; 95%CI 2.60-3.69), high cholesterol (PRa 2.22; 95%CI 2.05-2.41), overweight (PRa 1.49; 95%CI 1.36-1.64), and obesity (PRa 2.25; 95%CI 2.05-2.47). It could be concluded that diabetes in Brazilian adults is associated with sociodemographic factors, aging, lifestyle, and morbidities. These results can guide public policies for the prevention and control of disease in Brazil.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the number of yellow fever vaccine doses administered before and during the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. METHODS This is an ecological, time series study based on data from the National Immunization Program. Differences between the median number of yellow fever vaccine doses administered in Brazil and in its regions before (from April/2019 to March/2020) and after (from April/2020 to March/2021) the implementation of social distancing measures in the country were assessed via the Mann-Whitney test. Prais-Winsten regression models were used for time series analyses. RESULTS We found a reduction in the median number of yellow fever vaccine doses administered in Brazil and in its regions: North (-34.71%), Midwest (-21.72%), South (-63.50%), and Southeast (-34.42%) (p < 0.05). Series showed stationary behavior in Brazil and in its five regions during the covid-19 pandemic (p > 0.05). Brazilian states also showed stationary trends, except for two states which recorded an increasing trend in the number of administered yellow fever vaccine doses, namely: Alagoas State (before: β = 64, p = 0.081; after: β = 897, p = 0.039), which became a yellow fever vaccine recommendation zone, and Roraima State (before: β = 68, p = 0.724; after: β = 150, p = 0.000), which intensified yellow fever vaccinations due to a yellow fever case confirmation in a Venezuelan State in 2020. CONCLUSION The reduced number of yellow fever vaccine doses administered during the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil may favor the reemergence of urban yellow fever cases in the country.

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OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence and investigate the sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors associated with the self-reported diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in the adult Brazilian population. METHODS: Data from the National Health Survey (PNS 2019) were analyzed. The presence of CVD was self-reported through the question: "Has any doctor ever given you a diagnosis of heart disease?". Sociodemographic factors, health conditions, and lifestyle were evaluated. For data analysis, Poisson Regression with robust variance was used. RESULTS: 5.3% (95%CI 5.04-5.57) of Brazilian adults reported CVD, of which, 29.08% (95%CI 27.04-31.21) underwent coronary artery bypass surgery or angioplasty and 8.26% (95%CI 7.09-9.6) reported severe limitation in usual activities due to CVD. The factors associated with CVD were advanced age; being male; white race/color; complete middle school and incomplete high school education; have health insurance; self-assessing health as regular or bad/very bad; self-reported hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes; being a former smoker; consuming fruits and vegetables as recommended; not consuming alcohol in excess; and not practicing leisure-time physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: CVD is associated with sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors. It is important to support public policies, programs, and goals for the reduction of cardiovascular diseases in Brazil, especially in the most vulnerable groups.

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RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a mortalidade indígena no Brasil em 2000, 2010 e 2018. Estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Calculou-se a mortalidade proporcional entre indígenas e restante da população brasileira, segundo idade, sexo, causa e regiões do Brasil. A proporção de óbitos em indígenas menores de 1 ano em 2000, 2010 e 2018 foi de 15,3%, 17,7% e 16,2%; e no restante do Brasil, foi de 7,2%, 3,5% e 2,7% respectivamente. A proporção de óbitos a partir de 50 anos nos indígenas nos mesmos anos foi de 47,0%, 48,1% e 52,0%; e no restante do Brasil, foi de 66,8%, 74,4% e 79,4%. Em 2018, indígenas menores de 1 ano morreram mais de afecções perinatais (39,4%), doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (10,1%) e causas externas (9,8%). Em menores de 1 ano do restante da população brasileira, essas causas corresponderam a 57,8%, 3,8% e 2,8%. Indígenas acima de 50 anos morreram mais por doenças circulatórias (28,6%), respiratórias (15,4%) e neoplasias (14,6%); e no restante da população brasileira, essas causas representaram 31,5%, 13,6% e 19,0%. Evidenciaram-se desigualdades em saúde e piores indicadores nos povos indígenas no Brasil.

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze indigenous mortality in Brazil in 2000, 2010, and 2018. This is a descriptive study with data from the Mortality Information System (SIM, in Portuguese). Proportional mortality among indigenous people and the remaining Brazilian population was calculated according to age, sex, cause, and regions of Brazil. The proportion of deaths among indigenous people, for individuals younger than one year of age, in 2000, 2010, and 2018 was 15.3%, 17.7%, and 16.2%, respectively. The proportions for the general Brazilian population were 7.2%, 3.5%, and 2.7%, respectively. For indigenous people aged 50 years and over, the proportions in the same years were 47.0%, 48.1%, and 52.0% and in the rest of Brazil, 66.8%, 74.4%, and 79.4%, respectively. In 2018, indigenous children under 1 year of age died more from perinatal disorders (39.4%), infectious and parasitic diseases (10.1%), and external causes (9.8%). In children under 1 year of age, from the non-indigenous Brazilian population, these causes corresponded to 57.8%, 3.8%, and 2.8%, respectively. Indigenous people over 50 years of age died more from circulatory diseases (28.6%), respiratory diseases (15.4%), and neoplasms (14.6%), and in the remaining Brazilian population, these causes represented 31.5%, 13.6%, and 19.0%, respectively. Health inequalities and worse indicators among indigenous peoples in Brazil are evident.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic according to the presence or absence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Brazilian adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, using data from the ConVid survey, between April and May 2020. The following variables were evaluated: lifestyle and presence of one or more NCDs (diabetes, hypertension, respiratory disease, heart disease, and cancer). Sociodemographic characteristics were used as adjustment. Relative frequencies and confidence intervals (CI) of 95% of the explanatory variables were calculated before and during the pandemic. For the comparison of groups, with or without NCDs, crude and adjusted (PRadj) prevalence ratios were estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: There was a reduction in physical activity (60% in those without NCDs and 58% in those with NCDs) and in vegetable consumption (10.8% in those without NCDs and 12.7% in those with NCDs). On the other hand, there was an increase in the time spent watching television and on screens of computer/tablet (302% and 43.5% in those without NCDs and 196.5% and 30.6% with NCDs, respectively); consumption of frozen meals (43.6% in those without NCDs and 53.7% with NCDs), snacks (42.3% without NCDs and 31.2% with NCDs), and chocolate (14.8% without NCDs). During the pandemic, patients with NCDs were less active (PRadj = 0.77; 95%CI 0.65 - 0.92), had greater habit of watching TV (PRadj = 1.16; 95%CI 1.08 - 1.26), and consumed less vegetables (PRadj = 0.88; 95%CI 0.81 - 0.96). CONCLUSION: It was evident that adults with NCDs had their lifestyles more altered during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJETIVO: Comparar as mudanças de estilos de vida durante a pandemia COVID-19, segundo a presença ou não de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) em adultos brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com dados da pesquisa ConVid - Pesquisa de Comportamentos, realizada entre abril e maio de 2020. Avaliaram-se as variáveis estilo de vida e presença de uma ou mais DCNT (diabetes, hipertensão, doença respiratória, doença do coração e câncer). As características sociodemográficas foram usadas como ajuste. Calcularam-se as frequências relativas e os intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95% das variáveis antes da e durante a pandemia. Para a comparação de grupos, sem ou com DCNT, estimaram-se as prevalências e razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada (RPa) utilizando a regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Houve redução da prática de atividade física (60% nos sem DCNT e 58% nos com DCNT) e do consumo de hortaliças (10,8% nos sem DCNT e 12,7% nos com DCNT). Verificou-se aumento no tempo de uso de televisão e computador/tablet (302 e 43,5% nos sem DCNT e 196,5 e 30,6% nos com DCNT, respectivamente); consumo de congelados (43,6% nos sem DCNT e 53,7% com DCNT), salgadinhos (42,3% sem DCNT e 31,2% com DCNT) e chocolate (14,8% sem DCNT). Durante a pandemia, portadores de DCNT apresentaram menor prática de atividade física suficiente (RPa = 0,77; IC95% 0,65 - 0,92), maior hábito de assistir à televisão (RPa = 1,16; IC95% 1,08 - 1,26) e menor consumo de hortaliças (RPa = 0,88; IC95% 0,81 - 0,96). CONCLUSÃO: Evidenciou-se que adultos com DCNT tiveram seus estilos de vida mais alterados durante a pandemia de COVID-19.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of and trend in risk and protective factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among women beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of Bolsa Família from 2016 to 2019. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional time-series study. We estimated the prevalence and prevalence ratios, both crude and adjusted for age and schooling, of NCD indicators with their respective confidence intervals, using the Poisson regression model. A time-trend analysis was also performed employing a simple linear regression model, regarding the indicators as the outcome variable and the year of the survey as the explanatory variable. RESULTS: Women beneficiaries were more exposed to risk factors for NCDs compared to non-beneficiaries. Prevalence ratios adjusted for smokers were 1.15 (1.07 - 1.24), for overweight were 1.08 (1.03 - 1.14), and for obesity were 1.09 (1.04 - 1.14), while the recommended fruit and vegetable consumption was 0.93 (0.87 - 0.99); they also showed lower practice of leisure-time physical activities (0.88; 0.82 - 0.93), spent more time watching TV (1.08; 1.02 - 1.13), had worse self-rated health status (1.12; 1.04 - 1.21), and lower rates of mammography (0.80; 0.71 - 0.90) and pap smear (0.93; 0.88 - 0.98). Among the beneficiaries, the trend analysis showed an increased prevalence of overweight, from 55.9 to 62.6%, and screen time except for TV, from 13.5 to 27.8%. CONCLUSION: NCD risk factors were higher among women beneficiaries of Bolsa Família, indicating the importance of maintaining affirmative policies for this vulnerable population.

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The study analyzed factors associated with high LDL-Cholesterol in Brazilian population. This is a cross-sectional study with laboratory data from 8,534 individuals collected in National Health Survey were analyzed. The prevalence levels of LDL-Cholesterol <130 and ≥ 130 mg/dL were calculated. The outcome variable was high LDL-Cholesterol (≥ 130 mg/dL) and explanatory variables were sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, chronic diseases and self-rated health. To Poisson regression was used and estimated prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence levels (CI) to verify associations. The prevalence of high LDL-Cholesterol was 18.58%. In the final multivariate model were associated with the outcome: 30 to 44 years (PR 1.99; CI 1.58-2.54), 45 to 59 years (PR 2.89; CI 2.29-3.64), 60 years or more (PR 2.90; CI 2.29-3.68), living in the Northeast Region (PR 1.16; CI 1.02 - 1.32), overweight (PR 1.32; CI 1.15-1.51), obesity (PR 1.41; CI 1.19-1.65) or anemia (PR 0.66; CI 0.54-0.80). The LDL-Cholesterol was associated with aging, overweight, obesity, live in the Northeast and anemia. The monitoring of LDL levels is relevant, due to the increased risk with age, and can guide the adopting healthy lifestyles and diagnosis in places with lower access.

O estudo analisou os fatores associados ao LDL-Colesterol aumentado na população adulta brasileira. Estudo transversal com dados laboratoriais de 8.534 indivíduos coletados na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. Calculadas as prevalências de LDL-Colesterol <130 e ≥130 mg/dL. A variável desfecho foi LDL-Colesterol aumentado (≥130 mg/dL) e as variáveis explicativas foram sociodemográficas, antropométricas, estilo de vida, doenças crônicas e autoavaliação de saúde. Para verificar as associações, utilizou-se regressão de Poisson e estimou-se as razões de prevalência (RP) e intervalos de confiança (IC) 95%. A prevalência de LDL-Colesterol aumentado foi 18,58%. No modelo final multivariado associaram-se ao desfecho: idade entre 30 a 44 anos (RP 1,99; IC 1,58-2,54), 45 a 59 anos (RP 2,89; IC 2,29-3,64) e 60 anos ou mais (RP 2,90; IC 2,29-3,68), região Nordeste (RP 1,16; IC 1,02-1,32), sobrepeso (RP 1,32; IC 1,15-1,51), obesidade (RP 1,41; IC 1,19-1,65) ou anemia (RP 0,66; IC 0,54-0,80). O LDL-Colesterol aumentado associou-se ao envelhecimento, sobrepeso, obesidade, morar na região Nordeste e ter anemia. Monitorar os níveis de LDL é importante, pelo risco aumentado com envelhecimento, para orientar ações de estilos de vida saudáveis e diagnóstico em locais de menor acesso.

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ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence and investigate the sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors associated with the self-reported diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in the adult Brazilian population. Methods: Data from the National Health Survey (PNS 2019) were analyzed. The presence of CVD was self-reported through the question: "Has any doctor ever given you a diagnosis of heart disease?". Sociodemographic factors, health conditions, and lifestyle were evaluated. For data analysis, Poisson Regression with robust variance was used. Results: 5.3% (95%CI 5.04-5.57) of Brazilian adults reported CVD, of which, 29.08% (95%CI 27.04-31.21) underwent coronary artery bypass surgery or angioplasty and 8.26% (95%CI 7.09-9.6) reported severe limitation in usual activities due to CVD. The factors associated with CVD were advanced age; being male; white race/color; complete middle school and incomplete high school education; have health insurance; self-assessing health as regular or bad/very bad; self-reported hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes; being a former smoker; consuming fruits and vegetables as recommended; not consuming alcohol in excess; and not practicing leisure-time physical activity. Conclusions: CVD is associated with sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors. It is important to support public policies, programs, and goals for the reduction of cardiovascular diseases in Brazil, especially in the most vulnerable groups.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e investigar os fatores sociodemográficos, de saúde e estilo de vida associados ao diagnóstico autorreferido de doença cardiovascular na população adulta brasileira. Métodos: Analisaram-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (2019). A presença de doença cardiovascular foi autorreferida por meio da pergunta: "Algum médico já lhe deu o diagnóstico de uma doença do coração?". Avaliaram-se fatores sociodemográficos, condições de saúde e estilo de vida. Para analisar os dados, utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados: 5,3% (IC95% 5,04-5,57) dos adultos brasileiros referiram doença cardiovascular, destes, 29,08% (IC95% 27,04-31,21) realizaram cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica ou angioplastia coronariana e 8,26% (IC95% 7,09-9,60) relataram limitação intensa nas atividades habituais pela doença cardiovascular. Os fatores associados à doença cardiovascular foram idade avançada; ser do sexo masculino; raça/cor branca; ter ensino fundamental completo e médio incompleto; possuir plano de saúde; autoavaliar a saúde como regular ou ruim/muito ruim; autorrelatar hipertensão, colesterol alto e diabetes; ser ex-fumante; consumir frutas e hortaliças conforme o recomendado; não consumir álcool de forma abusiva; não praticar atividade física no lazer. Conclusões: A doença cardiovascular está associada a fatores sociodemográficos, de saúde e estilos de vida. Torna-se importante apoiar políticas públicas, programas e metas para reduzir doenças cardiovasculares no Brasil, especialmente nos grupos mais vulneráveis.

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Noncommunicable Diseases are an important public health issue in Brazil and worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the scientific production published by the "Journal Ciência & Saúde Coletiva" in order to shed light on its contributions for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and the debate regarding noncommunicable diseases. A bibliometric study on the publications from 1996 to 2019 related to noncommunicable diseases was carried out. A total of 458 documents that met the eligibility criteria were selected. An increasing trend in the number of publications per year was found; at some points, it coincided with political and institutional milestones in Brazil. Quantitative research papers stood out, as did studies on risk and protective factors. Public educational and research institutions led the publishing and the financing of the studies. Most authors were female. The journal has been reflecting the magnitude of the theme and its prioritization on the public agenda by promoting the debate and providing a scientific dissemination of content related to noncommunicable diseases.

As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis configuram importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Visando conferir visibilidade às contribuições da revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva para a divulgação do conhecimento científico e o debate das questões relacionadas às Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a produção científica publicada pela revista. Realizou-se um estudo bibliométrico das publicações veiculadas no período de 1996 a 2019, referentes a essas doenças. Com base em critérios de elegibilidade, selecionou-se um total de 458 publicações. Observou-se tendência temporal de aumento das publicações, coincidente com o estabelecimento de marcos político-institucionais no país. Destacaram-se os artigos quantitativos e os estudos sobre fatores de risco e proteção. Evidenciou-se a liderança das instituições públicas de ensino e pesquisa na produção científica sobre o tema e, também, no financiamento público dos estudos. Os autores que mais publicaram são majoritariamente do sexo feminino. A revista vem refletindo a magnitude e a prioridade da temática na agenda pública ao promover o debate e oportunizar a divulgação científica sobre as doenças crônicas.

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Resumo As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis configuram importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Visando conferir visibilidade às contribuições da revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva para a divulgação do conhecimento científico e o debate das questões relacionadas às Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a produção científica publicada pela revista. Realizou-se um estudo bibliométrico das publicações veiculadas no período de 1996 a 2019, referentes a essas doenças. Com base em critérios de elegibilidade, selecionou-se um total de 458 publicações. Observou-se tendência temporal de aumento das publicações, coincidente com o estabelecimento de marcos político-institucionais no país. Destacaram-se os artigos quantitativos e os estudos sobre fatores de risco e proteção. Evidenciou-se a liderança das instituições públicas de ensino e pesquisa na produção científica sobre o tema e, também, no financiamento público dos estudos. Os autores que mais publicaram são majoritariamente do sexo feminino. A revista vem refletindo a magnitude e a prioridade da temática na agenda pública ao promover o debate e oportunizar a divulgação científica sobre as doenças crônicas.

Abstract Noncommunicable Diseases are an important public health issue in Brazil and worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the scientific production published by the "Journal Ciência & Saúde Coletiva" in order to shed light on its contributions for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and the debate regarding noncommunicable diseases. A bibliometric study on the publications from 1996 to 2019 related to noncommunicable diseases was carried out. A total of 458 documents that met the eligibility criteria were selected. An increasing trend in the number of publications per year was found; at some points, it coincided with political and institutional milestones in Brazil. Quantitative research papers stood out, as did studies on risk and protective factors. Public educational and research institutions led the publishing and the financing of the studies. Most authors were female. The journal has been reflecting the magnitude of the theme and its prioritization on the public agenda by promoting the debate and providing a scientific dissemination of content related to noncommunicable diseases.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trends in smoking prevalence in all Brazilian capitals between 2006 and 2017. METHODS: This was a study of temporal trends in smoking, based on information from the Telephone-based System for the Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases. The trends in smoking prevalence were stratified by gender, age, level of education, and capital of residence. We used linear regression analysis with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: From 2006 to 2017, the overall prevalence of smoking in the Brazilian capitals declined from 19.3% to 13.2% among men and from 12.4% to 7.5% among women (p < 0.05 for both). Despite the overall decline in the prevalence of smoking in all of the capitals, the rate of decline was lower in the more recent years. There was also a reduction in the prevalence of former smoking (22.2% in 2006 to 20.3% in 2017). In contrast, there was an upward trend in the prevalence of former smoking among individuals with a lower level of education (from 27.9% in 2006 to 30.0% in 2017). In 2017, the prevalence of smoking among men was highest in the cities of Curitiba, São Paulo, and Porto Alegre, whereas it was highest among women in the cities of Curitiba, São Paulo, and Florianópolis. CONCLUSIONS: There have been improvements in smoking prevalence in Brazil. Annual monitoring of smoking prevalence can assist in the battle against chronic noncommunicable diseases.

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