RESUMEN
The management of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus is difficult and not well standardized. We evaluated our management protocol for infants with intraventricular and/or periventricular hemorrhage (IVH and PVH, respectively). There were four deaths and two significant treatment-related complications in our series. We also observed two cases of isolated ventricle in patients treated with reservoir placement. After evaluating our series, we modified our protocol from reservoir placement to either cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage or ventriculosubgaleal shunt directly. We will reevaluate this new protocol in the near future.
Asunto(s)
Hemorragia Cerebral/fisiopatología , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirugía , Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso , Derivación Ventriculoperitoneal/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Nacimiento Prematuro/patología , Nacimiento Prematuro/fisiopatología , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is rare. Its etiology remains controversial; however, spinal venous wall susceptibility to intravenous pressure change and the resultant venous rupture seem to be involved. The authors report a case of SSEH dorsal to the spine producing acute anterior spinal cord syndrome. A posterior SSEH between the C-3 and T-5 levels caused progressive tetraparesis and the disappearance of superficial body sensation below the level of C-8, although deep sensation remained completely intact. This neurological false localizing sign seems to have resulted from counterforce by preexisting asymptomatic cervical intervertebral disc herniation at the C6-7 levels inducing direct pressure on the anterior spinal cord. This case is the first reported instance of posterior cervical SSEH manifesting acute anterior spinal cord syndrome as its false localizing sign.
Asunto(s)
Hematoma Espinal Epidural/complicaciones , Hematoma Espinal Epidural/cirugía , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/etiología , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/cirugía , Enfermedad Aguda , Vértebras Cervicales , Femenino , Hematoma Espinal Epidural/patología , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuadriplejía/etiología , Cuadriplejía/patología , Cuadriplejía/cirugía , Compresión de la Médula Espinal/patología , Vértebras TorácicasRESUMEN
Numerous studies have shown that some populations of bone marrow cells (BMCs) have the capacity to differentiate into neural cells, which is useful for repairing brain lesions. In this paper, we analyze neural differentiation features of lineage-negative/CD34-negative (Lin(-)CD34(-)) cells in the bone marrow of adult mice. The population of Lin(-)CD34(-) in BMCs was isolated by magnetic bead sorting and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) using specific lineage (CD4, CD8a, CD11b, CD45R, Gr-1 and TER-119) antibodies and CD34 antibody. First, we cultured Lin(-)CD34(-) BMCs in the presence of RNIF: vitamin A derivative retinoic acid (RA) and neural-inducing factors (platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor-basic (FGF-b)). Analyses of RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry indicated that RNIF-treated Lin(-)CD34(-) BMCs expressed neural phenotypes as well as neurogenic transcription factors. When we implanted the Lin(-)CD34(-) BMCs isolated from enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) transgenic mice into the subventricular zone (SVZ) of postnatal mice, eGFP-positive cells survived 3 weeks after the injection in the various brain regions, some of which expressed the neural phenotypes. Our data suggest that certain subsets in the CD34(-) populations of adult bone marrow could have the capacity to differentiate into neural cells in a suitable environment.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Células de la Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular , Neuronas/fisiología , Animales , Antígenos CD34/genética , Células de la Médula Ósea/citología , Linaje de la Célula , Células Cultivadas , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Neuronas/citologíaAsunto(s)
Glioma/diagnóstico , Glioma/patología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Ciclinas , Genes Supresores de Tumor , Glioma/genética , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Periodo Intraoperatorio , Antígeno Ki-67/análisis , Citometría de Barrido por Láser , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Proteína p130 Similar a la del Retinoblastoma/análisis , Proteína p53 Supresora de TumorRESUMEN
We report a rare case in which a myxoid chondrosarcoma originated from the petrous bone and invaded the cerebellar hemisphere with hemorrhage. Neuroimaging showed the characteristic feature of multiple small cysts along the solid tumor, and the cystic formation was confirmed as a mucoid secretion by Alcian blue staining and electron microscopic examination. This tumor recurred following partial removal and stereotaxic radiosurgery.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/patología , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/secundario , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiología , Condrosarcoma/secundario , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Hueso Petroso/patología , Neoplasias Óseas/cirugía , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/cirugía , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirugía , Condrosarcoma/cirugía , Irradiación Craneana , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/cirugía , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos , RadiocirugiaAsunto(s)
Osteoblastoma/patología , Osteoma/patología , Osteosarcoma/patología , Neoplasias Craneales/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Osteoblastoma/cirugía , Osteoma/cirugía , Osteosarcoma/cirugía , Pronóstico , Cráneo/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Craneales/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
It has been reported that there is an inverse correlation between the immunohistochemical expression of Rb2/p130, a member of the retinoblastoma gene family, and the degree of malignancy in at least some histological types. In order to investigate the expression of this protein in gliomas, we evaluated 58 samples from patients with resected gliomas. We focused on the relationship between the degree of malignancy of the glioma and the immunohistochemical detection of Rb2/p130. Expression of Rb2/p130 was observed in 38 glioma specimens (65.5%), including a high expression level in low-grade glioma specimens (> 30% positive cells in 84% of tumors) and a low expression level in high-grade glioma specimens (> 30% positive cells in 12% of tumors). The most aggressive of the gliomas exhibited very low to undetectable levels of Rb2/p130. Moreover, we observed an inverse correlation between Rb2/p130 expression and the degree of malignancy. These findings suggest that the differentiation of gliomas might be partially mediated by the Rb2/p130 gene, and that Rb2/ p130 expression can additionally be an indicator of a better prognosis in patients with gliomas.