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PURPOSE: To compare the CIE L*a*b* values of two different dental shade guides using two shade-matching spectrophotometers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SpectroShade Micro (SS) and Easyshade (ES) (VITA Zahnfabrik) were tested. One calibrated operator performed 30 measurements of each tab from three batches of the two guides, VITA Classical (VC) and VITA 3D Shade Master (VM). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and intraclass coefficients (ICC) between the different batches were calculated. Results were given as mean and SD of the L*a*b* values and the respective color differences according to the CIEDE 2000 formula (ΔE00) for each of the shade tabs in the two spectrophotometers and then analyzed with independent student t test (α = .05). RESULTS: A total of 1,440 and 2,610 measurements for VC and VM, respectively, were performed per spectrophotometer. There were statistically significant differences between the two devices for all L*a*b* values, with the exception of: L* for 3R1.5; a* for 2R1.5, 3L1.5, 2L2.5, 3M2, 3L2.5, 4L1.5, and 4L2.5; and b* for D3, 1M2, and 3M2. When assessing the same shade guide, differences in ΔE00 were detected between devices above the acceptability threshold (AT) (ΔE00 ≥ 1.8) for all shade tabs except for VC (C1, C2, D3, A3.5, C3, and A4) and VM (4M1, 3R2.5, 4L2.5, and 4M3). The overall mean of the interdevice ΔE00 was 2.2 ± 1.0 for VC and 2.5 ± 1.0 for VM. CONCLUSIONS: The two dental spectrophotometers presented high ICC and ROC values, which validates their indication as auxiliary tools. However, there are discrepancies in the hues D (VC) and R (VM) with interdevice variability when evaluated for the L*a*b* component. Int J Prosthodont 2023;36:e38-e52.

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Eucalyptus plantations occupy 26 % of Portuguese forested areas. Its flowers constitute important sources for bees and beekeepers take advantage of this and keep their honey bee colonies within or near the plantations for honey production. Nonetheless, these plantations are susceptible to pests, such as the eucalyptus weevil Gonipterus platensis. To control this weevil, some plantations must be treated with pesticides, which might harm non-target organisms. This study aimed to perform a multifactorial assessment of the health status and development of Apis mellifera iberiensis colonies in two similar landscape windows dominated by Eucalyptus globulus plantations - one used as control and the other with insecticide treatment. In each of the two selected areas, an apiary with five hives was installed and monitored before and after a single application of the insecticide acetamiprid (40 g a.i./ha). Colony health and development, resources use, and pesticide residues accumulation were measured. The results showed that the application of acetamiprid in this area did not alter the health status and development of the colonies. This can be explained by the low levels of residues of acetamiprid detected only in pollen and bee bread samples, ~52 fold lower than the sublethal effect threshold. This could be attributed to the low offer of resources during and after the application event and within the application area, with the consequent foraging outside the sprayed area during that period. Since exposure to pesticides in such complex landscapes seems to be dependent on the spatial and temporal distribution of resources, we highlight some key monitoring parameters and tools that are able to provide reliable information on colony development and use of resources. These tools can be easily applied and can provide a better decision-taking of pesticide application in intensive production systems to decrease the risk of exposure for honey bees.

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of gustatory stimulants of salivary secretion (GSSS) on Sjögren's syndrome patients' self-perception of xerostomia, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and salivary secretion. METHODS: A total of 110 Sjögren's syndrome patients were randomly allocated to be treated with either a malic acid lozenge or a citric acid mouthwash and then crossed over. Before and after the interventions, the Xerostomia Inventory 5 (SXI-5-PL) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14-PT) questionnaires (both in the Portuguese language) were administered to patients. Unstimulated, mechanical and gustatory-stimulated salivary flows were determined. Repeated measures and between-subject analyses were performed. Statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: After the intervention and within each group, both GSSS elicited a reduction in the SXI-5-PL and OHIP-14-PT scores and an increase in salivary output, significant in the malic acid lozenge group. The malic acid treatment resulted in a greater effect size and percentage improvement than citric acid mouthwash. The malic acid lozenge also produced a significant greater salivary output than the citric acid rising solution. CONCLUSIONS: In Sjögren's syndrome patients, lozenges containing malic acid increased saliva production and xerostomia relief, resulting in improved quality of life.

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Worldwide statistics evidence the increasing number and prevalence of diagno-sed chronic diseases such as cancer. Cancer is a chronic condition with uncertain outcomes in what concerns to its cure. Thus, it is crucial that patients develop the right skills to deal with the disease and its profound impact on their activities of daily living. This review aims to identify and critically appraise studies based on the efficiency of nurse-led programmes focused on psychosocial support provi-ded to empower the self-management of adult oncology patients. The research of corpus studies was carried out in the databases of MEDLINE and CINAHL, in the period of January 2017. In compliance with the validation criteria, 22 primary stu-dies were selected and analysed. The results revealed that nurse-led interventions comprised self-management skills aimed to improve symptoms management, self-care activities, health behaviours, social and therapeutic relationships, stress/anxiety management and problem solving. Nursing interventions were implemen-ted individually and/or in a group, applying different methodologies: written ma-terial (leaflets, pamphlets, books, manuals, brochures and/or flyers), peer support groups, interactive platforms and telephone calls. Interventions were effective in promoting symptoms management, self-care life and interpersonal relations. Con-clusion: Nurses play a key role in providing interventions, health behaviour, stress/anxiety management, psychosocial adaptation, quality of focused on psychosocial support that help people to cope/live with cancer, and promote self-management programmes

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Objetivo: analisar as evidências sobre os fatores que influenciam a inteligência emocional dos enfermeiros de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: revisão sistemática da literatura. Recorreu-se às bases de dados CINAHL Complete, Academic Search Complete, MedicLatina, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, MedLine with Full Text (via EBSCO HOST), MedLine Complete (via PubMed), SCOPUS e outras fontes como Google Scholar, sites de registro de ensaios clínicos e busca manual-referências cruzadas. Foram encontrados 1.307 artigos publicados até abril de 2018, sendo incluídos nove. Resultados: os fatores que influenciaram a inteligência emocional dos enfermeiros foram a idade, sexo, experiência emocional, formação e personalidade; e o impacto da inteligência emocional traduziu-se a nível pessoal, profissional e no cuidar. Conclusão: a prática de enfermagem em unidades de cuidados intensivos é influenciada pela inteligência emocional do enfermeiro. Esta inteligência é afetada por diversos fatores e, por ser apreendida, deve ser estimulada em contextos formativos. (AU)

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Giardia duodenalis is the most prevalent intestinal protozoan infection especially in children. In Portugal scarce data are available relative to this infection in preschoolers. The present study was conducted from April to July 2009 in public preschools in Lisbon enrolling 316 children. Stool examination was performed through microscopy. Molecular analysis was conducted in all positive samples for G. duodenalis in order to determine the assemblage and subassemblage of this parasite. Eight of the preschoolers studied children (2.5%, 8/316) were infected with G. duodenalis. Additionally the brother of one of the infected children was also infected. Genotyping analysis targeting ssu-rRNA and ß -giardin loci revealed six infections with assemblage A and 3 with assemblage B. Sub-assemblage determination was possible in four of the samples, with three A2 and one A3. The limited number of cases precluded an association of a determined symptom with an assemblage. The data presented here show the relevance of considering G. duodenalis analysis in children with intestinal complaints even in developed countries.

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OBJECTIVE: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon in which a short period of sub-lethal ischemia in one organ protects against subsequent bouts of ischemia in another organ. We hypothesized that RIPC in patients with intermittent claudication would increase muscle tissue resistance to ischemia, thereby resulting in an increased ability to walk. METHODS: In a claudication clinic, 52 ambulatory patients who presented with complaints of intermittent claudication in the lower limbs associated with an absent or reduced arterial pulse in the symptomatic limb and/or an ankle-brachial index <0.90 were recruited for this study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C). All of the patients underwent two tests on a treadmill according to the Gardener protocol. Group A was tested first without RIPC. Group A was subjected to RIPC prior to the second treadmill test. Group B was subjected to RIPC prior to the first treadmill test and then was subjected to a treadmill test without RIPC. In Group C (control group), both treadmill tests were performed without RIPC. The first and second tests were conducted seven days apart. Brazilian Clinical Trials: RBR-7TF6TM. RESULTS: Group A showed a significant increase in the initial claudication distance in the second test compared to the first test. CONCLUSION: RIPC increased the initial claudication distance in patients with intermittent claudication; however, RIPC did not affect the total walking distance of the patients.

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OBJECTIVE: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon in which a short period of sub-lethal ischemia in one organ protects against subsequent bouts of ischemia in another organ. We hypothesized that RIPC in patients with intermittent claudication would increase muscle tissue resistance to ischemia, thereby resulting in an increased ability to walk. METHODS: In a claudication clinic, 52 ambulatory patients who presented with complaints of intermittent claudication in the lower limbs associated with an absent or reduced arterial pulse in the symptomatic limb and/or an ankle-brachial index <0.90 were recruited for this study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C). All of the patients underwent two tests on a treadmill according to the Gardener protocol. Group A was tested first without RIPC. Group A was subjected to RIPC prior to the second treadmill test. Group B was subjected to RIPC prior to the first treadmill test and then was subjected to a treadmill test without RIPC. In Group C (control group), both treadmill tests were performed without RIPC. The first and second tests were conducted seven days apart. Brazilian Clinical Trials: RBR-7TF6TM. RESULTS: Group A showed a significant increase in the initial claudication distance in the second test compared to the first test. CONCLUSION: RIPC increased the initial claudication distance in patients with intermittent claudication; however, RIPC did not affect the total walking distance of the patients. .

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a suitable predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity. The role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has already been investigated. Its relevance as a predictor of the appearance and worsening of coronary arterial disease is also well known. However, the same is not true regarding peripheral arterial disease. METHOD: Eighty-five consecutive patients with an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) < 0.9 and the presence of either intermittent claudication or critical lower leg ischemia were included. The plasma level of IgG autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein was evaluated through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were categorized into quartiles according to the ankle-brachial pressure index (a marker of peripheral arterial disease severity), and significant differences were investigated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the quartiles for this population (p = 0.33). No correlation was found between the ankle-brachial pressure index and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels in subjects with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein is not a good predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity.

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The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Intermittent claudication reflects the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of the MetS in claudicants and its correlation with age, gender, localization of arterial obstruction, and symptomatic coronary disease. Patients (n = 170) with intermittent claudication were studied. The mean age was 65 years (33-89). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 98 patients (57.6%). The mean age of patients with MetS was 63.5 years compared with 67.0 years for patients without MetS (P = .027). Considering patients aged ≥65 years, MetS was present in 46 (48.9%) individuals and in 52 (68.4%) patients younger than 65 years (P = .011). Metabolic syndrome must be actively searched for in claudicant patients.

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a suitable predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity. The role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has already been investigated. Its relevance as a predictor of the appearance and worsening of coronary arterial disease is also well known. However, the same is not true regarding peripheral arterial disease. METHOD: Eighty-five consecutive patients with an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) < 0.9 and the presence of either intermittent claudication or critical lower leg ischemia were included. The plasma level of IgG autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein was evaluated through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were categorized into quartiles according to the ankle-brachial pressure index (a marker of peripheral arterial disease severity), and significant differences were investigated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the quartiles for this population (p = 0.33). No correlation was found between the ankle-brachial pressure index and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels in subjects with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein is not a good predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity.

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La emergencia de la fiebre hemorrágica argentina(FHA) a comienzos de la década del ´50 representó para los científicos argentinos un desafío excepcional: una patología humana de alta letalidad, nueva para el mundo, se presentaba solamente en una región ( de gran importancia económica) del territorio argentino. El afrontar ese desafío con dedicación y, sin duda, con más recursos intelectuales que financieros, permitió que a los tres años de la descripción clínica de la enfermedad se demostrara que el virus Junin era el agente etiológico de la FHA, siendo éste el segundo arenavirus descripto luego del virus de la Coriomeningitis Linfocitaria, prototipo del grupo, aislado en 1993. En las décadas de los ´60 y los ´70 se realizaron avances fundamentales con la detección del reservorio natural del virus Junin y el conocimiento de múltiples aspectos de la fisiopatología y la epidemiología de la enfermedad. Esto permitió conocer que se trataba de una enfermedad controlable pero no erradicable. Fue en este mismo período en que se encontró un tratamiento para la FHA que disminuyó drásticamente su mortalidad y se iniciaron diversas líneas de investigación para desarrollar una vacuna eficaz que permitiera controlar la enfermedad. Este trabajo es un relato no exhaustivo de los acontecimientos que condujeron a la elaboración en Argentina de una vacuna (Candid#1) para prevenir la FHA, y fue realizado para rendir homenaje al gran inmunólogo argentino Dr. Ricardo Margni mostrando cómo los principios de la inmunología, difundidos por el Dr. Margni durante su extensa trayectoria como científico y docente contribuyeron, por este camino, a mejorar la calidad de vida de la sociedad.

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Objetivo: A claudicação intermitente é uma das manifestações iniciais da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica. Embora a maioria dos pacientes apresente melhora dos sintomas quando submetidos ao tratamento clínico, alguns não melhoram e podem até apresentar piora. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se existe diferença no resultado do tratamento clínico de acordo com a localização da obstrução arterial. Métodos: Estudamos 212 pacientes portadores de claudicação intermitente por doença arterial obstrutiva periférica, que foram submetidos a tratamento clínico adequadamente realizado. Dividimos os pacientes em dois grupos: grupo AO (obstrução da aorta) e grupo FP (obstrução femoropoplítea bilateral)...

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Durante el período de Marzo a Mayo de 1997, considerado como baja incidencia de la enfermedad, fueron realizadas en Maracay, dos encuestas: una serológica en búsqueda de anticuerpos del virus dengue y otras entomológica, para investigar factores predisponentes o protectores a la transmisión de la enfermedad. De los 467 niños menores de 15 años de edad estudiados, 60,8 por ciento presentaron anticuerpos antidengue, según inhibición de la hemaglutinación (IH) y 3 por ciento cuando se practicó IgM por Elisa. El índice aédico a casas fue de 35,4 por ciento y a criaderos de 15.3 por ciento. Como factor protector de la enfermedad aparece el "buen" suministro de aguas a las casas (OR:0,39 IC,95 por ciento:1,23-2,93, las botelllas (OR:1,97 IC,95 por ciento:1,23-3,17) y los recipientes con larvas (OR:1,96 IC,95 por ciento:1,11-3,46). El modelo predictivo de la enfermedad fue conformado por la variables: edad, recipientes entre 101-200 lts, suministro de agua "malo", criaderos diversos con larvas y la interacción: suministro de agua "malo"+ recipientes menor 50 lts (au)

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Introduçäo: Quando um portador de diabete melito apresenta lesäo trófica infectada do membro inferior, é indispensável a avaliaçäo das condiçöes circulatórias a fim de se orientar o procedimentol terapêutico. Em determinadas situaçöes, apesar da ausência de batimentos arteriais, näo há isquemia tecidual. Nestes casos, o tratamento conservador, com eventual ressecçäo de tecidos necróticos e infectados pode ser adotado. Material e Métodos: Foi estudada a evoluçäo de 70 pacientes diabéticos com lesäo trófica de extremidades submetidos ao tratamento conservador. A idade dos doentes variou de 28 a 88 anos, com média de 56,8. O sexo mais acometido foi o feminino, em 42 casos. O diabetes näo insulino-dependente (tipo II) foi observado em 64 pacientes (91,5 por cento), sendo os outros 6 do tipo I. A retinopatia diabética foi constatada em 14 (20 por cento) pacientes, neuropatia em 22 (31 por cento) e nefropatia em 8 doentes (11,4 por cento). Todos os pacientes apresentavam batimentos arteriais até a regiäo poplítea. Eles foram divididos em 2 grupos com relaçäo as artérias tronculares da perna: Grupo I, Artérias de pernas pérvias, constituído por 48 pacientes; Grupo II, Artérias de pernas ocluídas, constituído por 22 pacientes. Quando à localizaçäo anatômica das lesöes, os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo A: formado por 32 pacientes (45,7 por cento) com acometimento exclusivo de um ou mais dedos sem atingir a regiäo metatarsiana; Grupo B, formado por 16 pacientes (22,9 por cento) com acometimento trófico atingindo a regiäo metatársica; Grupo C, formado por 22 pacientes (31,4 por cento) com lesäo acometendo a regiäo calcânea. As lesöes em ambos os grupos foram causadas por traumatismos mecânicos. O tempo da presença de lesäo em membro inferior variou de 7 a 48 dias, com média de 12 dias. Resultados e Conclusäo: Ao ser analisada a perviedade em artérias tronculares e evoluçäo dos paciente,s veririfca-se que houve resultado significativamente melhor naqueles com todos os pulsos presentes (81,3 por cento x 45,5 por cento) (p < 0,01). Ao estudarmos o lcoal da lesäo associando-o com o prognóstico dos casos, observamos que para feridas em extremidade digital, o resultado é significativamente melhor que nos locais mais proximais (87,5 por cento x 59,1 por cento) (p <0,01). Melhor ainda quando associamos a variável pulso presente (96,0 por cento x 75 por cento) (p <0,01) (tabela III). Quando os pulsos distais estäo ausentes, näo há diferenças significativas no resultado do tratamento, seja ele realizado em lesöes digitais ou em lesöes mais proximais (p > 0,05) (tabela IV)

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Cento e sessenta e sete pacientes submetidos a amputaçäo de membro inferior por doença vascular periférica foram avaliados. As amputaçöes eram primárias em 81 casos (grupo I) e secundárias a algum tipo de reconstruçäo arterial em 86 (grupo II). a estratificaçäo quanto a faixa etária demosntrou diferença estatisticamente significante na constituiçäo dos dois grupos (p < 0,025). Os índices quanto a distribuiçäo dos níveis iniciais de amputaçäo também demosntraram diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,025). Houve predomínio de amputaçöes abaixo do joelho (85%) no grupo com amputaçöes primárias em relaçäo ao grupo com amputaçöes secundárias (70%). A mortalidade geral observada foi de 7% (12 pacientes). Quanto a cicatrizaçäo primária, para os pacientes com oclusäo femoropoplítea, os índices foram de 77% no grupo I e 44% no grupo II (p < 0,001). Estes dados devem ser ponderados no processo decisório entre revascularizaçäo ou amputaçäo primária em doentes de risco, assim como ressaltam a importância dos cuidados de técnica operatória em ambos os procedimentos

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