RESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognising human melanoma-associated antigens after immunisation of BALB/c mice with a 70-150 kDa membrane fraction from melanoma tumour tissues. Screening of specific antibody- producing hybridomas was performed using a novel cell-cell adherence method with the melanoma cell line M-14. Three mAbs of IgG1 isotype were selected: Mel-1, Mel-2 and Mel-3 which recognised the immunogen by ELISA and stained several melanoma cell lines positive in immunofluorescence. The molecular weight of the antigen was studied by different methods; a 170-kDa band was identified following immunoblotting of tumour lysate and a 72-kDa band was observed following immunoaffinity purification. Cell-cell adherence appears to be a reliable procedure for the generation of mAbs against native cellular antigens.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/biosíntesis , Anticuerpos Antineoplásicos/biosíntesis , Melanoma/inmunología , Animales , Antígenos de Neoplasias/inmunología , Antígenos de Neoplasias/aislamiento & purificación , Adhesión Celular/inmunología , Cromatografía de Afinidad , Humanos , Hibridomas/química , Inmunohistoquímica , Antígenos Específicos del Melanoma , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Proteínas de Neoplasias/inmunología , Plasmacitoma , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
B-CLL is a malignant monoclonal B-cell disorder and B-MLUS is the benign counterpart. The proliferative response and the capacity to secrete IgM was measured in B-CLL and B-MLUS, respectively, and compared to normal B-cells. SAC and a mAb against CD40 were used as stimulatory agents. No cell population responded to anti-CD40 mAb alone. SAC only induced a high DNA synthesis rate in normal B-cells as well as in B-CLL cells, although the magnitude was three-fold lower and delayed for about 48 h in B-CLL. B-MLUS cells did not proliferate in response to SAC. The combination of anti-CD40 and SAC enhanced the proliferative capacity of normal B-cells and produced a more rapid response in B-CLL. B-MLUS cells were not activated. Normal B-cells and B-MLUS did not secrete IgM after SAC stimulation, while B-CLL cells had a continuous increase in the IgM production during a 6-day culture period. The higher proliferative capacity of B-CLL cells compared with B-MLUS cells may be explained by an increased expression of activation molecules e.g. receptors for various cytokines and growth factors. Moreover, the inertness and inability of B-MLUS cells in comparison to normal B- and B-CLL cells to respond to powerful activation signals might indicate an intrinsic defect of B-MLUS cells in the signal transduction leading to a block of mitosis and a benign course of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Linfoma de Burkitt/patología , Linfocitosis/patología , Anciano , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/farmacología , Antígenos CD/inmunología , Linfocitos B , Diferenciación Celular , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina M/biosíntesis , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mitógenos , Staphylococcus aureus/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The records of 76 bipolar (DSM-III) patients were reviewed for a history of previous misdiagnosis of schizophrenia. Multivariate analyses identified three variables significantly associated with previous misdiagnosis--auditory hallucinations, early age at onset, and ethnicity. Ethnicity remained significantly associated with misdiagnosis of bipolar patients as schizophrenic even after all other significant variables were partialled out of the equation. It appears from these data that black and Hispanic (Puerto Rican) bipolar patients may be at a higher risk than whites for misdiagnosis as schizophrenic, particularly if they are young and experience auditory hallucinations during affective episodes.