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There is limited evidence to support the association between tuberculosis (TB) and the occurrence of Takayasu arteritis (TAK). To investigate the incidence of active TB (ATB) in TAK and explore the impact of anti-rheumatic therapy on the occurrence of ATB or reactivation of Latent TB infection (LTBI) and their effect on interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) results, we conducted a prospective study based on the Chinese Registry for Systemic Vasculitis cohort. The standard incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated and stratified by age. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the effect of variables on ATB or LTBI reactivation in patients with TAK. Data from 825 patients with TAK in the registry were analysed. During a median follow-up of 5 years, 5 patients developed ATB with a crude incidence of 154 (95%CI:57-381) person-years/100,000. The SIR was 5.59 (95%CI:1.81-13.04). Glucocorticoids and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) did not increase the risk of ATB or LTBI reactivation (P > 0.05). However, the use of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) increased the risk of ATB in patients with LTBI (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the value of the IGRA assay decreased after treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the incidence of TB infection is markedly increased in patients with TAK and patients with TAK are at high risk of developing ATB. Treatment with glucocorticoids and cDMARDs does not significantly increase the risk for ATB in patients with TAK. Moreover, IGRA may have limited effectiveness in monitoring ATB infection or LTBI reactivation in patients with TAK.

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Objective To investigate the infection status and changing trend of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in hospitalized patients in medical institutions,and provide reference for formulating HCV infection prevention and control strategies.Methods HCV infection surveillance results from cross-sectional survey data reported to China Healthcare-associated Infection(HAI)Surveillance System in 2020 were summarized and analyzed,HCV positive was serum anti-HCV positive or HCV RNA positive,survey result was compared with the survey results from 2003.Results In 2020,1 071 368 inpatients in 1 573 hospitals were surveyed,738 535 of whom underwent HCV test,4 014 patients were infected with HCV,with a detection rate of 68.93％and a HCV positive rate of 0.54％.The positive rate of HCV in male and female patients were 0.60％and 0.48％,respectively,with a statistically sig-nificant difference(x2=47.18,P＜0.001).The HCV positive rate in the 50-＜60 age group was the highest(0.76％),followed by the 40-＜50 age group(0.71％).Difference among all age groups was statistically signifi-cant(x2=696.74,P＜0.001).In 2003,91 113 inpatients were surveyed.35 145 of whom underwent HCV test,resulting in a detection rate of 38.57％;775 patients were infected with HCV,with a positive rate of 2.21％.In 2020,HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales were 0.46％-0.63％,with the highest in hospital with bed numbers ranging 600-899.Patients'HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales was statistically signifi-cant(X2=35.34,P＜0.001).In 2020,12 provinces/municipalities had over 10 000 patients underwent HCV-rela-ted test,and HCV positive rates ranged 0.19％-0.81％,with the highest rate from Hainan Province.HCV posi-tive rates in different departments were 0.06％-0.82％,with the lowest positive rate in the department of pedia-trics and the highest in the department of internal medicine.In 2003 and 2020,HCV positive rates in the depart-ment of infectious diseases were the highest,being 7.95％and 3.48％,respectively.Followed by departments of orthopedics(7.72％),gastroenterology(3.77％),nephrology(3.57％)and general intensive care unit(ICU,3.10％)in 2003,as well as departments of gastroenterology(1.35％),nephrology(1.18％),endocrinology(0.91％),and general intensive care unit(ICU,0.79％)in 2020.Conclusion Compared with 2003,HCV positive rate decreased significantly in 2020.HCV infected patients were mainly from the department of infectious diseases,followed by departments of gastroenterology,nephrology and general ICU.HCV infection positive rate varies with gender,age,and region.

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This study evaluated the scientific nature and effectiveness of iterative optimization of prevention and control measures for local outbreaks caused by the BA.2 and BA.5.2 COVID-19 strains in Fujian Province in 2022,to provide a scientif-ic basis for responding to future new or recurrent respiratory infectious diseases.According to the theory of infectious disease dynamics,relevant information regarding the local epidemic situation caused by the BA.2 sub-type Omicron virus strain in March 2022 and BA.5.2 sub-type Omicron virus strain in October 2022 in Fujian Province was collected.The susceptible exposed infectious removed(SEIAR)model of COVID-19 infection with a latent period and asymptomatic infected persons was used to analyze the transmission dynam-ics of two local epidemic situations,and evaluate the preven-tion and control effects.The incubation period of the BA.2 epidemic was 3 days(1～9 days),the intergenerational inter-val was 3 days(1～5 days),and the initial Rt was 3.0(95％CI:2.7～3.3).The incubation period of the BA.5.2 epidemic was 2 days(1～6 days),the intergenerational interval was 1 day(0～2 days),and the initial R,was 1.9(95％CI:1.7～2.1).The fittingresults for the BA.2 and BA.5.2 epidemics were good,and no statistical difference was observed between the predic-ted and actual numbers of cases(x2BA.2=31.53,x2BA.5.2=27.88,P＞0.05).If an emergency response had not been initiated,the BA.2 epidemic would have continued to spread andpeak on April 7th,with an estimated 638 035 cases.The BA.5.2 epidemic would have rapidly spread,reaching a peak on November 14th,with an estimated 685 940 cases.If one incubation period were detected early,the scale of the BA.2 epidemic would have decreased by 25.73％;if two incubation periods were detected early,the scale would have decreased by 79.56％,and if one incubation period had been delayed,the scale would have expanded by 13.72％.If one incubation period had been detected early in the BA.5.2 epidemic,the scale would have decreased by 35.04％;if two incubation periods had been detected early,the scale would have decreased by 92.47％;and if one incubation period had been delayed,the scale would have increased by 19.75％.The guiding ideology,and the prevention and control measures for handling two local epidemics were optimized and iterated.Our study indicated that implementing the"four early"measures ef-fectively decreased the scale of the epidemic,and earlier detection was associated with more significant control effects.This study provides valuable information for the prevention and control of new or recurrent respiratory infectious diseases.

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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of HSP90 in bone marrow samples of multiple myeloma (MM) patients and explore its clinical significance.@*METHODS@#Maxvision immunohistochemistry technique was used to detect the protein expression level of HSP90 76 MM patients and 29 normal healthy donors. The clinical characteristics of the patients were collected, and the correlation between the HSP90 expression and the clinical characteristics was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The count of MM patients with positive HSP90 protein was significantly higher than that of normal healthy donor, and there were no significant correlation between HSP90 expression and age, sex, hemoglobin (Hb), creatinine (CREA), blood calcium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bone marrow plasma cell proportion and MM subtypes (P>0.05), but HSP90 expression was correlated with β@*CONCLUSION@#HSP90 protein was over-expressed in MM patients, and was correlated with β

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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of primary follicular lymphoma (FL) patients with grade 3 or large B cell transformation, so as to provide more reference for the subsequent clinical diagnosis and treatment.@*METHODS@#Forty-seven primary FL patients with grade 3 or large B cell transformation from March 2010 to March 2018 were selected, the clinical characteristics and survival of patients were analyzed. Cox regression model were used to evaluate the related prognostic factors.@*RESULTS@#The cumulative progression-free survival rate and cumulative overall survival rate of 47 patients in 3-year follow-up reached to 55.32% (26/47) and 80.85% (38/47) respectively. There were significant differences in cumulative progression-free survival rate and cumulative overall survival rate among different subgroups of IPI, FLIPI-1 and FLIPI-2 in 3-year follow-up (P3 cm lymph node-involved site number≥3, extranodal lesion site number≥2, IPI score=2-3, FLIPI-1 score and FLIPI-2 score≥3 were the risk factors for progression-free survival (P<0.05); LDH≥240 U/ml, IPI score=2-3 and FLIPI-2 score≥3 were risk factors for overall survival (P<0.05). Cox regression model multivariate analysis showed that IPI score=2-3 was the independent risk factor for progression-free survival and overall survival (P<0.05). FLIPI-2 score≥3 was the independent risk factor for overall survival (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Primary FL patients with grade 3 or large B cell transformation by using the existing treatment regimen might be possibly curable, and the current treatment strategies and IPI score can be used to predict the clinical prognosis of patients.

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The present study aimed to assess whether the methylation status of the protocadherin 17 gene (PCDH17) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues was associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The present study included 280 patients diagnosed with TNBC using core needle biopsy. Tumor pathological diagnosis was determined via hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 and Ki-67 status. PCDH17 methylation status was analyzed using methylation-specific PCR. χ2 tests were performed to analyze differences between PCDH17 methylation status and TNBC clinicopathological features. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze whether PCDH17 methylation status predicted a curative effect of NAC. The multivariate analysis included factors with P<0.2 from the univariate analysis and those that were clinically associated with NAC. A total of 228 patients were positive for PCDH17 methylation, while the remainder 52 were negative. Additionally, 107 patients achieved pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC. The pCR rate was 67.3% among the 52 patients negative for PCDH17 methylation and 31.6% among the 228 patients positive for PCDH17 methylation. Patients who were negative for PCDH17 methylation and had high Ki67 expression exhibited significantly higher pCR rates than their counterparts. The present results demonstrate that PCDH17 methylation status may predict the response to NAC in patients with TNBC. Therefore, this epigenetic characteristic may serve as an indicator of treatment efficacy.

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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect and mechanism of miRNA-145 on leukemic cell apoptosis.@*METHODS@#After transfection of miRNA-145 mimic and negative control mimic in leukemia cells by Lipofectamine 2000 liposome, the MTT assay was used to detect the effect of miRNA-145 on cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of miRNA-145 on cell cycle and apoptosis. Western blotting assay was used to detect the expression levels of BCL-2, CDK6, Cyclin D1, BAX, PI3K p-PI3K, p-AKT and AKT.@*RESULTS@#The relative level of microRNA in HuT 78 cells transfected with miRNA-145 was 2.3±02, which was significantly higher than that in blank control group and miRNA-NC group (P＜0.05). MTT assay showed that the proliferation level of HuT 78 cells transfected with miRNA-145 mimic was significantly lower than that of blank control and miRNA-NC group (P＜0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the cells at G/G, S and G2/M phase of HuT 78 cells were significantly decreased after transfection with miRNA-145 mimic (P＜0.05). Annexin V/PI double staining assay showed that the apoptosis rate of HuT 78 cells was 17.6%±3.4%，which was significantly higher than that in blank control group and miRNA-NC group (P＜0.05). Western blot showed that the expression levels of BCL-2, CDK6 and Cyclin D1 in HuT 78 cells were significantly lower than those in blank control and miRNA-NC group (P＜0.05), and BAX expression in HuT 78 cells was significantly higher than that in blank control and miRNA-NC group (P＜0.05). Western blot showed that expression of PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT and p-AKT in HuT 78 cells transfected with miRNA-145 mimic were significantly lower than that in blank control and miRNA-NC group (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Upregulation of miRNA-145 may inhibit the proliferation of leukemia cells and promote the apoptosis, which may be related with the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

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Ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem high field orbital trap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Orbitrap Elite-MS/MS) method was applied in this paper to analyze the metabolites of 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in rat plasma and urine after oral administration. A gradient elution was performed by using Thermo C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.9 μm), with 0.1% formic acid solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Mass spectral data of biological samples were collected in negative ion mode. The data were extracted by Compound Discovery 2.1 software. Then the blank group samples and the drug samples were compared for exact molecular weight and the mass fragmentation information, and the secondary fragment fitting ratio was calculated to finally attribute the metabolites. As a result, 15 metabolites were detected in rat plasma, and 16 metabolites were detected in urine. The involving metabolic reactions included methylation, hydration, dehydration, reduction, glucuronide conjugation, and sulfation reaction. The metabolites in plasma and urine complemented each other and initially revealed the migration and excretion patterns of this compound in the body. A method for pre-processing biological samples, high-resolution LC-MS instrumentation data, and qualitative software was established in this study to identify metabolite structures, laying the foundation for the study of the active ingredients and in vivo pharmacodynamics forms of Chinese medicines.

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The mediator complex is an essential link between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II, and mainly functions in the transduction of diverse signals to genes involved in different pathways. Limited information is available on the role of soybean mediator subunits in growth and development, and their participation in defense response regulation. Here, we performed genome-wide identification of the 95 soybean mediator subunits, which were unevenly localized on the 20 chromosomes and only segmental duplication events were detected. We focused on GmMED16-1, which is highly expressed in the roots, for further functional analysis. Transcription of GmMED16-1 was induced in response to Phytophthora sojae infection. Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated soybean hairy root transformation was performed for the silencing of the GmMED16-1 gene. Silencing of GmMED16-1 led to an enhanced susceptibility phenotype and increased accumulation of P. sojae biomass in hairy roots of transformants. The transcript levels of NPR1, PR1a, and PR5 in the salicylic acid defense pathway in roots of GmMED16-1-silenced transformants were lower than those of empty-vector transformants. The results provide evidence that GmMED16-1 may participate in the soybean-P. sojae interaction via a salicylic acid-dependent process.

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Control of DNA copy number is essential to maintain genome stability and ensure proper cell and tissue function. In Drosophila polyploid cells, the SNF2-domain-containing SUUR protein inhibits replication fork progression within specific regions of the genome to promote DNA underreplication. While dissecting the function of SUUR's SNF2 domain, we identified an interaction between SUUR and Rif1. Rif1 has many roles in DNA metabolism and regulates the replication timing program. We demonstrate that repression of DNA replication is dependent on Rif1. Rif1 localizes to active replication forks in a partially SUUR-dependent manner and directly regulates replication fork progression. Importantly, SUUR associates with replication forks in the absence of Rif1, indicating that Rif1 acts downstream of SUUR to inhibit fork progression. Our findings uncover an unrecognized function of the Rif1 protein as a regulator of replication fork progression.

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Under different red (R):blue (B) photon flux ratios, the growth performance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is significantly different. Rapeseed under high R ratios shows shade response, while under high B ratios it shows sun-type morphology. Rapeseed under monochromatic red or blue light is seriously stressed. Transcriptomic and proteomic methods were used to analyze the metabolic pathway change of rapeseed (cv. "Zhongshuang 11") leaves under different R:B photon flux ratios (including 100R:0B%, 75R:25B%, 25R:75B%, and 0R:100B%), based on digital gene expression (DGE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). For DGE analysis, 2054 differentially expressed transcripts (|log2(fold change)|≥1, q<0.005) were detected among the treatments. High R ratios (100R:0B% and 75R:25B%) enhanced the expression of cellular structural components, mainly the cell wall and cell membrane. These components participated in plant epidermis development and anatomical structure morphogenesis. This might be related to the shade response induced by red light. High B ratios (25R:75B% and 0R:100B%) promoted the expression of chloroplast-related components, which might be involved in the formation of sun-type chloroplast induced by blue light. For 2-DE analysis, 37 protein spots showed more than a 2-fold difference in expression among the treatments. Monochromatic light (ML; 100R:0B% and 0R:100B%) stimulated accumulation of proteins associated with antioxidation, photosystem II (PSII), DNA and ribosome repairs, while compound light (CL; 75R:25B% and 25R:75B%) accelerated accumulation of proteins associated with carbohydrate, nucleic acid, amino acid, vitamin, and xanthophyll metabolisms. These findings can be useful in understanding the response mechanisms of rapeseed leaves to different R:B photon flux ratios.

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The authors wish to make a change to the published paper[...].

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AIM: To investigate the regulatory effects of microRNA(miR)-195 on the biological behaviors, such as viability,apoptosis and migration, of lung cancer A549 cells, and to explore the related mechanisms.METH-ODS:After miR-195 mimics were transfected into the A549 cells,the cell viability, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry.Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration ability.Furthermore, the protein levels of cyclin D1,CDK2,Bcl-2 and p-Rb/Rb were determined by Western blot.Dual-luciferase reporter as-say was used to screen and identify the possible target genes of miR-195.RESULTS: Over-expression of miR-195 in the A549 cells inhibited the cell viability and induced cell cycle arrest,accompanied with the decrease in the cell migration a-bility and the increase in the apoptotic rate(P<0.05).Furthermore,the protein levels of cyclin D1,CDK2,Bcl-2 and p-Rb were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that MYB was a potential target gene of miR-195.Over-expression of MYB in the A549 cells partially reversed the effects of miR-195 on the cell viability, apoptosis and migration.CONCLUSION: miR-195 inhibits lung cancer A549 cell growth and migration, and promotes cell apoptosis by targeting MYB gene.

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Under different red (R):blue (B) photon flux ratios, the growth performance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is significantly different. Rapeseed under high R ratios shows shade response, while under high B ratios it shows sun-type morphology. Rapeseed under monochromatic red or blue light is seriously stressed. Transcriptomic and proteomic methods were used to analyze the metabolic pathway change of rapeseed (cv. "Zhongshuang 11") leaves under different R:B photon flux ratios (including 100R:0B%, 75R:25B%, 25R:75B%, and 0R:100B%), based on digital gene expression (DGE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). For DGE analysis, 2054 differentially expressed transcripts (|log2(fold change)|≥1, q<0.005) were detected among the treatments. High R ratios (100R:0B% and 75R:25B%) enhanced the expression of cellular structural components, mainly the cell wall and cell membrane. These components participated in plant epidermis development and anatomical structure morphogenesis. This might be related to the shade response induced by red light. High B ratios (25R:75B% and 0R:100B%) promoted the expression of chloroplast-related components, which might be involved in the formation of sun-type chloroplast induced by blue light. For 2-DE analysis, 37 protein spots showed more than a 2-fold difference in expression among the treatments. Monochromatic light (ML; 100R:0B% and 0R:100B%) stimulated accumulation of proteins associated with antioxidation, photosystem II (PSII), DNA and ribosome repairs, while compound light (CL; 75R:25B% and 25R:75B%) accelerated accumulation of proteins associated with carbohydrate, nucleic acid, amino acid, vitamin, and xanthophyll metabolisms. These findings can be useful in understanding the response mechanisms of rapeseed leaves to different R:B photon flux ratios.

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The aim of this research was to prepare a novel sponge-like porous hydrogel scaffold based on human-like collagen (HLC) that could be applied in cartilage tissue regeneration. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a porogen to prepare the porous hydrogel, which had not been previously reported. Glutamine transaminase (TGase) was used as the cross-linker of the hydrogel, because it could catalyze the cross-linking of BSA. During the crosslinking process, BSA and HLC were mixed together, which affected the cross-linking of HLC. When the cross-linking was completed, the non-crosslinked section formed pores. The microstructure, porosity, swelling properties, and compressive properties of the hydrogel were studied. The results showed that the pore size of the hydrogel was between 100 and 300 µm, the porosity reached up to 93.43%, and the hydrogel had rapid water absorption and suitable mechanical properties. Finally, we applied the hydrogel to cartilage tissue engineering through in vitro and in vivo research. The in vitro cell experiments suggested that the hydrogel could promote the proliferation and adhesion of chondrocytes, and in vivo transplantation of the hydrogel could enhance the repair of cartilage. In general, the hydrogel is promising as a tissue engineering scaffold for cartilage.

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical significance of corrected serum calcium(CSCa) in patients with multiple myeloma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The serum calcium levels of 320 patients with initial multiple myeloma were measured and corrected by serum albumin and its levels measured simultaneously. The differences of serum calcium levels were analyzed before and after the correction by serum albumin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a significant difference between serum calcium and CSCa in MM patients (2.34±0.15 vs 2.6±0.17 mmol/L). The constituent ratio of patients with hypercalcemia was from 11.3% to 23.1% after correction, the MM patients with hypocalcemia was decreased from 42.8% to 7.8% after correction, and the patients with normal calcium level were increased. There was a significant difference between serum calcium level and CSCa in I, II, III stages of MM patients respectively(P<0.05). In the 320 patients, the incidence of anemia was 80%, renal failure was 20.9%, and myeloma bone disease was 68.8%. Calcium concentration in both anemia and renal insufficiency was higher than the normal group, and the difference was more significant after correction. In 220 cases of MM receiving chemotherapy, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15 months, and overall survival(OS) time was 20 months. The PFS and OS time of the patients with hypercalcemia were shortened, and the difference was very significant after correction(P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Corrected serum calcium can more sensitively to reflect the diseases serious extent, thus indicating prognosis has better effect.</p>

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of conventional dose and reduction dose of bortezomib in combination with bisphosphonates for treating patients with multiple myeloma ostespathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 150 patients with multiple myeloma ostespathy were chosen in the period from March 2011 to July 2015 and randomly were divided into 2 groups: A group (75 cases) and B group (75 cases). The patients in A and B groups were treated with conventional dose of bortezomib and reduction dose of bortezomib on the basis of bisphosphonates respectively and the clinical efficacy, the improvement rate of life quality, NRS score, levels of IL-6 and CRP before and after treatment, and the adverse effects of 2 groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in the clinical efficacy between 2 groups (P<0.05). The improvement rate of patients life quality in B group was significantly better than that in A group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the NRS score, levels of IL-6 and CRP after treatment between 2 groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of neutrophil reduction and thrombocytopenia between 2 groups (P<0.05). The incidence of BiPN, nausea and vomiting, herpes zoster and fatigue of B group was significantly lower than that in A group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Conventional dose and reduction dose of bortezomib in combination with bisphosphonates for treating patients with multiple myeloma ostespathy possess the same effects, including pain relief and disease progression control; but the reduction dose of bortezomib application can efficiently improve the life quality of patients and reduce the risk of adverse reactions.</p>

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical efficiency and safety of CHOP regimen containing pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) for the aged patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty aged patients with advanced DLBCL treated in our hospital from February 2010 to February 2014 were selected and divided into two groups. Out of 50 cases, 25 cases received standard CHOP regimen (sCHOP group), other 25 cases received CHOP regimen containing PLD at dose of 30 mg/m2 (PLD+CHOP). These patients were followed up for 18 months, and the total effective rate, the survival rate and the adverse reaction rate were compared between these two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After receiving different treatments, the survival rate of patients on 6, 12 and 18 months in PLD+CHOP group was 88.0%, 80.0% and 76.0%, respectively, and the survival rate of 18 month was significantly higher than that in the sCHOP group (P<0.05); The total effective rate in the PLD+CHOP group was statistically higher than that in the sCHOP group (P<0.05); and all the incidences of non-hematological toxicity, peripheral sensory neuropathy, lung infection, gastrointestinal reaction and hepatotoxicity were not statistically different between two groups (P>0.05), while the incidence of cardiac toxicity including acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, atrioventricular block (AV block) and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia significantly decreased in the PLD+CHOP group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The efficiency of CHOP regimen containing PLD for the aged patients with advanced DLBCL has been confirmed to be significant, and its cardiac toxicity is low, thus being worth to be popularized and applied for the treatment of advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.</p>

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6(GRK6) on proliferation and apoptosis of multiple myeloma(MM) cells and its mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The samples were collected from MM patients and healthy people for study in vivo. The plasma cells isolated from multiple myeloma patients, as well as U266 and NCI H929 myeloma cell lines were used for study in vitro. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to evaluate the protein and mRNA of expression of GRK6 in multiple myeloma, cell proliferation and apoptosis were tested by BrdU and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The protein and mRNA expression of GRK6 in multiple myeloma was higher than those in control group, and the expression level of GRK6 in stage I of MM was higher than that in control group, while the expression level of GRK6 in stage II was higher than that in stage I, but lower than that in stage III (P<0.05). U266 and MM cells showed high-sensitivity to CX-4945, except NCI H929. GRK6 expression level in U266, NCI H929 and MM cells treated with siRNA and CX-4945, significantly decreased as compared with those cells treated by CX-4945 alone. Cell proliferations of U266, NCI H92 and MM groups treated with CX-4945 were (58.25±18.24)%, (64.32±20.03)% and (45.42±25.01)% respectively, moreover, their apoptotic rates were (62.82±53.21)%, (43.25±47.05)% and (85.67±40.32)% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression level of GRK6 in multiple myeloma increases, and GRK6 inhibitor CX-4945 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of myeloma cells; GRK6 regulates Rac1 and involves in the proliferation and apoptosis pathway of multiple myeloma cells.</p>

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the indicators related with cell proliferation and apoptosis in patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(B-NHL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two cases of B-NHL and 50 cases of reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes were entrolled in the experimental group and control group respectively. The expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis(XIAP) and B cell lymphoma leukemia-2(BCL-2) in paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 2 groups were detected by immuno-histochemistry staining, and their ralationship with pathologic factors was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive cell rates of PCNA, XIAP and BCL-2 in experiment group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05); the positive cell rate of PCNA in B-NHL patients at III-IV stage was higher than that in B-NHL patients at I-II stage(P<0.05), however, the positive cell rates of XIAP and BCL-2 in B-NHL patients with different pathologic factors were not significantly different(P>0.05). The progression-free survival(PES) time in PCNA low positive expression group was longer than that in PCNA high positive expression group(P<0.05), but the PFS time between B-NHL patients with XIAP positive and negative expression was not significantly different(P>0.05); the PFS time also was not significantly different between B-NHL patients with BCL-2 positive and negative expression(P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All the PCNA, XIAP and BCL-2 participate in the pathngenesis of B-NHL, among them the positive level of PCNA obviously influences the clinical staging of B-NHL.</p>