RESUMEN

In Mexico, for the past 30 years, a continuous decrease in the incidence of clinical taeniosis/cysticercosis has been documented. This work aimed to determine the influence of improvement in socioeconomic conditions on the prevalence of Taenia solium in four endemic communities in northwestern Mexico. This study was carried out in two phases. First, documentary information (1989-2018) was collected about the prevalence of Theridion solium in the federal entity of Sinaloa State. Second, a pilot study was performed in four communities of Sinaloa, which had an endemic history of Taenia transmission. In each community, a risk factor questionnaire was applied, and serum and stool samples were collected for convenience in a non-probabilistic way. Anti-cysticercus antibodies and adult worm coproantigen were determined. The documentary analysis showed the incidence of taeniosis and cysticercosis to have decreased by 98 and 53%, respectively, while the human development index increased by 5% (1992-2017). Our data suggest that the risk of parasitic transmission is low, although female sex was a risk factor for reporting tremors or seizures (prevalence rate 2.1336, CI: 1.1821-3.8508) and background of tapeworm infection (prevalence rate 1.2893, CI: 0.9795-1.6972). No tapeworms or eggs were found while examining stool samples, but protozoa cysts were observed in four samples. Unexpectedly, only one of the 79 stool samples was positive for coproantigens. This positive result was confirmed in a second sample. However, the evaluation of a third sample was negative. No antibodies were found in human (n = 377) or pig (n = 69) samples. These data suggest parasite transmission has been interrupted and could be possibly associated with improving socioeconomic conditions. Further studies are needed to determine the real prevalence of zoonoses in Mexico.

Asunto(s)

Cisticercosis , Enfermedades de los Porcinos , Taenia solium , Teniasis , Femenino , Humanos , Porcinos , Animales , Prevalencia , México/epidemiología , Proyectos Piloto , Óvulo , Cisticercosis/epidemiología , Cisticercosis/parasitología , Cisticercosis/veterinaria , Teniasis/epidemiología , Teniasis/parasitología , Teniasis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Factores Socioeconómicos

RESUMEN

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is gynecologic cancer with the highest mortality rate. It is estimated that 13-17% of ovarian cancers are due to heritable mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. The BRCA1 (BRCA1-Del ex9-12) Mexican founder mutation is responsible for 28-35% of the cases with ovarian cancer. The aim was to describe the PFS of OC patients treated with olaparib, emphasizing patients carrying the Mexican founder mutation (BRCA1-Del ex9-12). Methods: In this observational study, of 107 patients with BRCAm, 35 patients were treated with olaparib from November 2016 to May 2021 at the Ovarian Cancer Program (COE) of Mexico; patient information was extracted from electronic medical records. Results: Of 311 patients, 107 (34.4%) were with BRCAm; 71.9% (77/107) were with BRCA1, of which 27.3% (21/77) were with BRCA1-Del ex9-12, and 28.1% (30/107) were with BRCA2 mutations. Only 35 patients received olaparib treatment, and the median follow-up was 12.87 months. The PFS of BRCA1-Del ex9-12 was NR (non-reach); however, 73% of the patients received the treatment at 36 vs. 11.59 months (95% CI; 10.43-12.75) in patients with other BRCAm (p = 0.008). Almost 50% of patients required dose reduction due to toxicity; the most frequent adverse events were hematological in 76.5% and gastrointestinal in 4%. Conclusion: Mexican OC BRCA1-Del ex9-12 patients treated with olaparib had a significant increase in PFS regardless of the line of treatment compared to other mutations in BRCA.

RESUMEN

Endometrial cancer is the second gynecological cancer with the highest global incidence. Among many associated risk factors, metabolic syndrome is an important and preventable one. It comprises a group of conditions that often occur together: central adiposity, hyperglycemia, arterial hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. This review aimed to describe the epidemiological and biological relationship between metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer, focusing on the role of lifestyle in prevention. A literature search was carried out in the PubMed database. 4824 publications were screened, and 123 were included for this review. The association between metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer has been described. Chronic adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance are involved in the development of obesity, particularly visceral adiposity. These changes promote the ideal environment for the development of endometrial cancer. Strategies based on lifestyle modifications may be effective for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and consequently endometrial cancer. Some of these modifications include adopting a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, depending to the accessibility of these foods for each region. Avoiding ultra-processed foods and increasing daily physical activity were also some suggested modifications. We propose that women be screened for metabolic syndrome to establish early treatment and to possibly prevent endometrial cancer. Clinical trials designed to prove the effect of lifestyle modifications on the prevention of endometrial cancer are needed.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Endometriales , Resistencia a la Insulina , Síndrome Metabólico , Neoplasias Endometriales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Endometriales/etiología , Neoplasias Endometriales/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Inflamación/complicaciones , Estilo de Vida , Síndrome Metabólico/complicaciones , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo

RESUMEN

We study the kinetics of eosinophils during the development of the cellular infiltrate surrounding the nurse cell of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) in experimentally infected mice. Male CD1 mice were experimentally infected with 50 viable muscle larvae of the MSUS/MEX/91/CM-91 T. spiralis strain. Tongues and diaphragms were obtained daily from days 13 to 39 post infection. Diaphragms were compressed and subjected to Giemsa stain. Tongues were histologically sectioned and stained with erythrosine B or hematoxylin and eosin. The cellular infiltrate and the nurse cell-larva complex were detected by optical microscopy since day 16 post infection. The size of the larva increased exponentially during the course of the infection. The kinetics of eosinophils showed a multimodal trend, with a bimodal predominance. The maximum peaks were reached on days 21 and 27 post infection. The results of this study demonstrate that eosinophils occur abundantly in two transcendent moments of the T. spiralis life cycle: first, when the stage 1 larva invades the myocyte and second when the nurse cell-larva complex has been fully developed. These results help one to understand the immunobiology of T. spiralis, highlighting the importance of eosinophils in the survival of the larva in skeletal muscle. Further studies are needed to characterize the cell populations that comprise the cellular infiltrate during the development of the mother cell.

RESUMEN

Metastatic, recurrent, or persistent disease in cervical cancer has a poor prognosis. Historically, this group of patients has had limited treatment options, even with the best cytotoxic treatments (platinum-based chemotherapy [CT] doublets). Therefore, investigating new medications that help improve the patient's quality of life and survival has been essential. Angiogenesis has been shown to play a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival. Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal G1 immunoglobulin targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor. The combination of CT and bevacizumab is associated with an increase in overall survival as well as in progression-free survival and response rates.

Asunto(s)

Bevacizumab/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/antagonistas & inhibidores

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Metastatic, recurrent, or persistent disease in cervical cancer has a poor prognosis. Historically, this group of patients has had limited treatment options, even with the best cytotoxic treatments (platinum-based chemotherapy [CT] doublets). Therefore, investigating new medications that help improve the patient's quality of life and survival has been essential. Angiogenesis has been shown to play a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival. Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal G1 immunoglobulin targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor. The combination of CT and bevacizumab is associated with an increase in overall survival as well as in progression-free survival and response rates.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Bevacizumab/uso terapéutico , Calidad de Vida , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

Metastatic, recurrent, or persistent disease in cervical cancer has a poor prognosis. Historically, this group of patients has had limited treatment options, even with the best cytotoxic treatments (platinum-based chemotherapy [CT] doublets). Therefore, investigating new medications that help improve the patient's quality of life and survival has been essential. Angiogenesis has been shown to play a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival. Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal G1 immunoglobulin targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor. The combination of CT and bevacizumab is associated with an increase in overall survival as well as in progression-free survival and response rates.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Identify the prevalence of HPV infections in the uterine cervix and oral cavity and HPV16 variants in HIV+ women. METHODS: A total of 174 HIV+ women attended an HIV+ specialized clinic in Mexico City. Cells were obtained from the oral cavity and cervix to extract DNA. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the HPV sequence with generic primers. We detected specific HPV types using the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II Kit (INNOGENETICS). The identification of variants was studied by sequencing the E6 gene with a Big Dye Terminator Kit and an Applied Biosystems 3500/3500xL genetic analyzer. RESULTS: HPV infection was very high in the uterine cervix (168/174, 96.6%) and oral cavity (161/174, 92.5%). The prevalence of HPV concurrent infections in the cervix and oral cavity was 155/174 (89.1%). We found hrHPVs to be more prevalent than low-risk HPVs (lrHPVs) in the oral cavity (90.2% versus 45.4%) and that infections simultaneously affected the cervix (94.3% versus 36.2%) and oral cavity (85.1% versus 20.1%). Surprisingly, only European variants of HPV type 16 were found in the uterine cervix of women and the oral cavity of all tested samples (52 oral cavity samples and 52 uterine cervix samples). CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of HPV, multiple infections and presence of the EP350G intravariant in both anatomical regions are strongly related to the persistence of the virus, which is fundamental for the development of cancer. Therefore, it is very important to control and monitor this high-risk population as well as implement programs for the early detection of HPV and vaccination.

Asunto(s)

Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Papillomavirus Humano 16/inmunología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/prevención & control , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Cuello del Útero/virología , ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 16/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Boca/virología , Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/transmisión , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Prevalencia , Proteínas Represoras/genética , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sexual/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología

RESUMEN

Ovarian cancer (OC) is an important cause of gynecologic cancer-related deaths. In Mexico, around 4700 new cases of OC are diagnosed per year and it represents the second cause of gynecological cancer mortality with more than 2700 deaths. Germline mutations in BRCA1/2 genes are present in 13-18% of OC cases. Few studies have evaluated the presence of mutations in BRCA genes in a population of OC Mexican patients and their relationship with clinical response and survival rates. A total of 179 OC patients were studied by molecular testing for BRCA1/2 through next-generation sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. BRCA mutation was detected in 33% of patients. A percentage of 66.1% were BRCA1 mutated and 33.9% were BRCA2 mutated. BRCA1 mutation carriers had a worst RFS compared with BRCA2 mutation carriers (37.6 [29-46.2] vs 72.7 [38.4-107.2]; P = 0.030). The most common mutation for BRCA1 was ex9-12del (28.2%) (Mexican founder mutation). The Mexican founder mutation had a better RFS than other BRCA1 mutations (86.1 [37.2-135.1] vs 34.5 [20.7-48.2]; P = 0.033). The presence of BRCA2 mutations in the ovarian cancer cluster region (OCCR) had a significantly better RFS than mutations in breast cancer cluster regions (BCCR) and not-related risk region (NRR) (NR vs 72.8 [39-106.6] vs 25.8 [8.3-43.2]; P = 0.013). These results demonstrate that the prevalence of BRCA1/2 positive patients in OC Mexican patients are the highest reported. Patients with mutations in BRCA2 have a better prognosis than those mutated in BRCA1. The Mexican founder mutation has an important role in clinical outcomes. These results highlight the importance to test all the HGSP (high-grade serous papillary) OC patients with or without cancer family history (CFH) in Mexican population.

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: More than the twenty percent of ovarian cancers are hereditary, and most have BRCA mutations. The 30% of Mexican patients with the BRCA1 mutation have the BRCA1 gene exon 9-12del deletion founder mutation (BRCA1 ex9-12del). BRCA-mutated tumors are more sensitive to PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. OBJECTIVE: To show the clinical experience on the use of olaparib at Instituto Nacional de Cancerología in Mexico. METHOD: Ovarian cancer patients treated with olaparib from November 2016 to December 2018 were studied, and their characteristics, clinical response, progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicities were described. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were assessed, with BRCA1 mutation being found in 78.9%, out of which 21.1% were carriers of the ex9-12del founder mutation. The median of PFS was 12 months; for patients treated on second and third line it was > 15 months, and for those treated with a fourth and subsequent line it was 8.3 months. Patients with the founder mutation had better results. Toxicities were like those reported in previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: Olaparib offers greater PFS benefit as maintenance therapy after a first and second relapse. Patients with founder mutation have had sustained PFS.

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INTRODUCCIÓN: Más del 20 % de los cánceres de ovario puede ser hereditario y la mayoría tiene mutaciones BRCA. El 33 % de las pacientes mexicanas con mutación BRCA1 tiene la mutación fundadora deleción del exón 9-12del del gen BRCA1 (BRCA1 ex9-12del). Los tumores BRCA mutados son más sensibles a inhibidores PARP como olaparib. OBJETIVO: Mostrar la experiencia clínica del uso de olaparib en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de México. MÉTODO: Se estudiaron las pacientes con cáncer de ovario tratadas con olaparib de noviembre de 2016 a diciembre de 2018 y se describieron sus características, respuesta clínica, supervivencia libre de progresión y toxicidades. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 19 pacientes, 78.9 % presentó mutación BRCA1, del cual 21.1 % era portador de la mutación fundadora ex9-12del. La mediana de supervivencia libre de progresión global fue de 12 meses, para las pacientes tratadas tratadas con olaparib de mantenimiento posterior a segunda y tercera línea fue de > 15 meses y para las de cuarta línea o más fue de 8.3 meses. Las pacientes con mutación fundadora presentaron mejores respuestas. Las toxicidades fueron similares a las de estudios con el uso de olaparib. CONCLUSIONES: Olaparib ofrece mayor beneficio en supervivencia libre de progresión como tratamiento de mantenimiento después de la primera y segunda recaída. Las pacientes con mutación fundadora han tenido respuesta sostenida.

Asunto(s)

Proteína BRCA1/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Ftalazinas/administración & dosificación , Piperazinas/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Ftalazinas/efectos adversos , Piperazinas/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/efectos adversos , Supervivencia sin Progresión

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The dog, Canis familiaris, a domestic animal that maintains close contact with humans and other animals, is considered as a potential source of zoonotic parasites. The current study aimed to determine the frequency of helminth eggs in feces of puppies of dog living in urban or rural environments of Mexico City between spring and summer of 2013. METHODS: Stool samples (n=180) were analyzed by sedimentation with formalin-ether. Samples were collected from puppies living in the urban zone (n=90; stray animals) or in the rural environment (n=90; stray animals, animals with owner and animals confined to a canine control center). RESULTS: Eggs of Toxocara canis (41%), Ancylostoma caninum (8%) and Dipylidium caninum (3%) were found in the rural environment but none in the urban zone. A frequency of 19% of Toxocara eggs was found in the canine control center, while, in stray puppies, the frequency was of 12% and 10% in animals with owner. Eggs of Toxocara were found in 33% samples of puppies with history of antiparasitic treatment. CONCLUSION: This study supports the observation of helminth population reduction in urban environments. Further studies are needed to identify the factors that affect the development and transmission of helminth eggs in urban environments.

RESUMEN

The epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been underdiagnosed because it does not have a specific clinical presentation, and the signs and symptoms are similar to the irritable bowel syndrome and pelvic inflammatory disease. EOC is less common than breast and cervical cancer, but it is more lethal. On the whole, EOC has an early dissemination to peritoneal cavity, which delays a timely diagnosis and increases the rate of advanced diagnosed disease. The diagnosis usually surprises the women and the primary care physician. Therefore, it is necessary to count on prevention and early diagnosis programs. EOC has 80% response to surgical treatment, but nearly 70% of the patients may relapse in five years. The objectives of this document are presenting a summary of the EOC epidemiology and comment about advancements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this cancer. That will raise awareness about the importance of this disease.

Asunto(s)

Carcinoma/epidemiología , Neoplasias Ováricas/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/prevención & control , Carcinoma/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoterapia , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ováricas/prevención & control , Neoplasias Ováricas/terapia , Ovariectomía , Neoplasias Peritoneales/secundario , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Abstract The epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been underdiagnosed because it does not have a specific clinical presentation, and the signs and symptoms are similar to the irritable bowel syndrome and pelvic inflammatory disease. EOC is less common than breast and cervical cancer, but it is more lethal. On the whole, EOC has an early dissemination to peritoneal cavity, which delays a timely diagnosis and increases the rate of advanced diagnosed disease. The diagnosis usually surprises the women and the primary care physician. Therefore, it is necessary to count on prevention and early diagnosis programs. EOC has 80% response to surgical treatment, but nearly 70% of the patients may relapse in five years. The objectives of this document are presenting a summary of the EOC epidemiology and comment about advancements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this cancer. That will raise awareness about the importance of this disease.

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Resumen El cáncer ovárico epitelial (COE) ha sido subdiagnosticado debido a que no tiene presentación clínica específica y a que los signos y síntomas son similares al síndrome de colon irritable y a la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica. Es menos común que el cáncer de mama o el cervicouterino, pero es más letal. En general, tiene diseminación temprana a cavidad peritoneal, lo cual retrasa un pronóstico oportuno e incrementa la tasa de diagnóstico de enfermedad avanzada. Usualmente, el diagnóstico sorprende a la mujer y al médico de primer contacto. Entonces, es necesario contar con programas de prevención y diagnóstico temprano. El COE tiene 80% de respuesta quirúrgica, pero cerca de 70% de las pacientes puede recaer en cinco años. Los objetivos de este documento son presentar un resumen de la epidemiología del COE y comentar los avances en prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de este cáncer. Esto despertará la conciencia acerca de la importancia de esta enfermedad.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Adulto Joven , Neoplasias Ováricas/epidemiología , Carcinoma/epidemiología , Neoplasias Ováricas/terapia , Neoplasias Peritoneales/secundario , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/terapia , Ovariectomía , Terapia Combinada , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Inmunoterapia , México/epidemiología , Estadificación de Neoplasias

RESUMEN

ResumenINTRODUCCIÓN: Hace algunos años, el motivo principal para la solicitud del diagnóstico parasitológico era la sospecha de una etiología de base parasitaria. En la actualidad, el motivo de consulta y la solicitud del diagnóstico se encuentran asociados con una comorbilidad hemato-oncológica, autoinmune, inmunodeficiente o una condición postrasplante.MÉTODO: Se analizaron los resultados del laboratorio de parasitología clínica del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez de enero de 1990 a diciembre del 2010, para obtener la frecuencia y distribución de parásitos y comensales por año y década.RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 211,600 muestras del periodo estudiado, con una media anual de 10,100 y desviación estándar de 3,500. El porcentaje de parásitos y comensales fue del 37.73%, y la frecuencia de positividad solo a parásitos fue del 21.4%. La diferencia de proporciones entre décadas resultó significativa, con una p < 0.0001.CONCLUSIONES: La tendencia en el comportamiento de las parasitosis intestinales durante el periodo estudiado mostró un cambio tanto en frecuencia como en género y especie de los agentes reportados. La generación de información de carácter epidemiológico es necesaria para conocer la tendencia de las parasitosis y de sus variaciones a través del tiempo.

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AbstractBACKGROUND: In recent years, the main reason for parasitological diagnosis was suspicion of a parasitic etiology. Currently, diagnosis and consultation are associated with co-morbidity with a hemato-oncological, autoimmune, immunodeficiency or post-transplant condition.METHODS: Results collected from the Parasitology Laboratory of the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez from January 1990 to December 2010 were analyzed to determine the frequency and distribution of parasites and commensals per year and decade.RESULTS: There were 211,600 samples analyzed with a statistical media of 10,100 and a standard deviation of 3,500 samples. Percentage of observations for parasitic structures as well as commensals was 37.73% according to Pearson Chi square with a significant difference among percentages between decades (p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral tendency of intestinal parasitosis during the last two decades shows a change in frequency and genera from the agents that were reported at this pediatric health care level. The processing of epidemiologic information is important in order to determine the response of the parasitosis and its variations over time.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the main reason for parasitological diagnosis was suspicion of a parasitic etiology. Currently, diagnosis and consultation are associated with co-morbidity with a hemato-oncological, autoimmune, immunodeficiency or post-transplant condition. METHODS: Results collected from the Parasitology Laboratory of the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez from January 1990 to December 2010 were analyzed to determine the frequency and distribution of parasites and commensals per year and decade. RESULTS: There were 211,600 samples analyzed with a statistical media of 10,100 and a standard deviation of 3,500 samples. Percentage of observations for parasitic structures as well as commensals was 37.73% according to Pearson Chi square with a significant difference among percentages between decades (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral tendency of intestinal parasitosis during the last two decades shows a change in frequency and genera from the agents that were reported at this pediatric health care level. The processing of epidemiologic information is important in order to determine the response of the parasitosis and its variations over time.

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Since few reports had been published on the prevalence of toxocariasis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with acute non-granulomatous anterior uveitis (ANGAU), the aim of this work was to determine the presence of antibodies against Toxocara canis in AS patients with ANGAU. METHODS: Thirty-six patients (14 female and 22 male) with AS were enrolled in the study. The history of ANGAU was accepted only if diagnosed by an ophthalmologist. The detection of IgG antibodies to T. canis was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, antibodies to Ascaris lumbricoides were also tested to verify non-specific reactions. RESULTS: The prevalence of ANGAU in the AS patients was 58% (21 / 36), and 38% (8 / 21) of the patients with ANGAU were positive for antibodies to Toxocara, while 7% (1 / 15) of AS patients without ANGAU were positive for T. canis (p = 0.038, two tails; mid-p exact). No antibodies were detected to A. lumbricoides antigens in the serum samples of patients with AS. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the seroprevalence of antibodies to T. canis is high in Mexican patients with AS-associated uveitis, suggesting a chronic asymptomatic toxocariosis, which could be associated with the pathogenesis of ANGAU; however, further larger-scale studies are needed to confirm this observation.

Asunto(s)

Anticuerpos Antiidiotipos/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Parasitarias del Ojo/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina G/inmunología , Espondilitis Anquilosante/complicaciones , Toxocara canis/inmunología , Toxocariasis/inmunología , Uveítis Anterior/inmunología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Infecciones Parasitarias del Ojo/complicaciones , Infecciones Parasitarias del Ojo/parasitología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Espondilitis Anquilosante/inmunología , Espondilitis Anquilosante/parasitología , Toxocara canis/aislamiento & purificación , Toxocariasis/complicaciones , Toxocariasis/parasitología , Uveítis Anterior/complicaciones , Uveítis Anterior/parasitología , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

UNLABELLED: Although not considered as an endemic region, the Northeast of Brazil has the necessary conditions for the development of taeniasis-cysticercosis complex. In a previous paper, we demonstrated that Mulungu do Morro municipality, in the State of Bahia, has a high seroprevalence to cysticercosis in epileptic patients. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of taeniasis and positive cysticercosis serology in the population of Mulungu do Morro. METHOD: blood and stool samples were collected from a random sampling of the population, by family. The identification of antibodies against T. solium cysticerci was made by EITB and T. solium antigens were identified using a polyclonal antibody-capture ELISA. RESULTS: the cysticercosis seroprevalence was 1.6% (C.I. = 0.8 to 2.8%) and the taeniasis prevalence 4.5% (C.I. = 3.0 to 6.5%). Seropositivity to cysticercosis was higher among those who lived in a house of a person testing positive for coproantigen, p=0.017. CONCLUSION: our results demonstrate that the taeniasis-cysticercosis complex is endemic in Mulungu do Morro. We believe that all areas in the world with the same socio-economic and sanitary characteristics are likely to have high prevalence of this parasite.

Asunto(s)

Teniasis/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos/sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Cisticercosis/sangre , Cisticercosis/epidemiología , Enfermedades Endémicas , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Población Urbana

RESUMEN

Although not considered as an endemic region, the Northeast of Brazil has the necessary conditions for the development of taeniasis-cysticercosis complex. In a previous paper, we demonstrated that Mulungu do Morro municipality, in the State of Bahia, has a high seroprevalence to cysticercosis in epileptic patients. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of taeniasis and positive cysticercosis serology in the population of Mulungu do Morro. METHOD: blood and stool samples were collected from a random sampling of the population, by family. The identification of antibodies against T. solium cysticerci was made by EITB and T. solium antigens were identified using a polyclonal antibody-capture ELISA. RESULTS: the cysticercosis seroprevalence was 1.6 percent (C.I. = 0.8 to 2.8 percent) and the taeniasis prevalence 4.5 percent (C.I. = 3.0 to 6.5 percent). Seropositivity to cysticercosis was higher among those who lived in a house of a person testing positive for coproantigen, p=0.017. CONCLUSION: our results demonstrate that the taeniasis-cysticercosis complex is endemic in Mulungu do Morro. We believe that all areas in the world with the same socio-economic and sanitary characteristics are likely to have high prevalence of this parasite

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cisticercosis , Teniasis , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos , Brasil , Cisticercosis , Enfermedades Endémicas , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Población Urbana

RESUMEN

Este documento aborda, desde una perspectiva cuantitativa, el efecto de las cuotas de participación politica de la mujer, tomando en cuenta el período anterior y posterior a su puesta en vigencia. también desarrolla un anális cualitativo del desempeño de las mujeres en su ejercicio parlamentario, estableciendo los factores que lo bloquean y promueven. Finalmente, se incluye una propuesta de Estrategia para el fortalecimiento del trabajo parlamentario de las mujeres en Bolivia.

RESUMEN

Esta Memoria es producto de la preocupación de varias instituciones por generar espacios de encuentros y discusión, entre las organizaiones de la sociedad civil y los poderes del Estado, que permitan fortalecer el crecimiento de la democracia en nuestro país.