Asunto(s)
Cocaína , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/genética , Adulto , Alcoholismo/genética , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
1-800 COCAINE has provided assistance to over two million callers to date. It has supplied epidemiologic data regarding cocaine use, with increasing proportions of female users since 1983, decrease in average age and income of callers since 1983, and numerous social and medical consequences of use. In addition, it has provided data regarding timing of the progression of cocaine abuse and confirmation that cocaine abuse is an addictive illness for those calling to seek help. It has corroborated other studies in documenting the psychosocial and medical consequences of addiction and has been a source of insight into trends in cocaine addiction. 800-COCAINE is, by its existence and name recognition, a primary prevention project.
Asunto(s)
Cocaína , Educación en Salud/métodos , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/prevención & control , Teléfono , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores Socioeconómicos , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/epidemiología , Estados UnidosAsunto(s)
Clonidina/uso terapéutico , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/rehabilitación , Propranolol/uso terapéutico , Agitación Psicomotora/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/tratamiento farmacológicoAsunto(s)
Bromocriptina/uso terapéutico , Acromegalia/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Bromocriptina/metabolismo , Bromocriptina/farmacología , Cocaína , Trastorno Depresivo/tratamiento farmacológico , Discinesia Inducida por Medicamentos/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperprolactinemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Cinética , Enfermedades del Ovario/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Parkinson/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/tratamiento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Clonidine has provided a nonaddicting solution to an ancient problem, opiate withdrawal without opiates. Gold and colleagues' initial demonstration that this alpha 2 adrenergic agonist could be used to detoxify opiate addicts provided the first nonaddicting treatment for opiate dependency. This discovery has also led to research investigating the utility of clonidine for a number of other neuropsychiatric conditions as well. Clonidine has been studied for use in neonatal narcotic addiction, alcohol detoxification, akathisia, mania, narcolepsy, attention deficit disorder, panic disorder, and alcohol amnestic disorder. Additionally, the clinical application of clonidine was based upon a large body of preclinical research and has opened up other avenues of investigation for non-addictive treatment of opiate dependency.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo/rehabilitación , Clonidina/uso terapéutico , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/rehabilitación , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/rehabilitación , HumanosRESUMEN
The Drug Enforcement Administration classified the drug methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA, also known as Ecstacy, as a Schedule I controlled substance on July 1, 1985. The controversy surrounding the classification of MDMA is related to the question of its efficacy as an adjunct to psychotherapy and the larger issue of how to regulate the production and use of designer drugs. The authors review the literature on MDMA and its predecessor, MDA, a substance that differs from MDMA by one methyl group.
Asunto(s)
3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/farmacología , Anfetaminas/farmacología , 3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/efectos adversos , 3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/análogos & derivados , 3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/envenenamiento , 3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/uso terapéutico , Animales , Emociones/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , N-Metil-3,4-metilenodioxianfetamina , PsicoterapiaRESUMEN
A retrospective study of forty-one consecutively admitted adolescent psychiatric patients who were not referred for substance abuse problems revealed a 71 percent rate of diagnosable abuse. Clinical interview, drug screening, and family history were assessed for their relative contribution to diagnoses. A conduct disorder diagnosis was found to be highly correlated with substance abuse. Both clinical interview and drug screening were found to be useful in diagnosing covert substance abuse. Covert drug abuse is a problem which can be uncovered by a clinical evaluation approach, including systematic clinical interviews and urine drug screening.