RESUMEN

The purpose of this study was to understand the role of "dominance" definitions in the results of TDS applied to consumers. This study compared two temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) approaches - TDS-I - that attracts the most attention and TDS-II - most intense/strongest sensation - in the context of evaluating artisanal Minas cheeses from the Serra da Canastra and chocolate with different cocoa concentrations samples. TDS curves were constructed and a trajectory-based principal component analysis (PCA) was performed dominance rates at ten equally spaced time points. Additionally, difference curves, multiple factor analysis (MFA) and regression vector coefficient (RV coefficient) were performed to compare the two approaches. The findings showed that the two approaches produced similar results, suggesting that consumers interpret the terms dominant and intense in a similar way during TDS evaluations, the results were even closer at the chocolate study than at the cheese study. However, in both approaches were observed low dominance rates and differences between the sensation perception time, mainly in the evaluation of cheese flavor. This variability may be attributed to the complexity of the cheese's flavor and the varied interpretations of dominance among evaluators. Despite these differences, the approaches showed similar characterizations across the same samples, demonstrating high reproducibility and a strong ability to differentiate between samples. This study demonstrates that the choice between the terms dominant (which captures more attention) or intense (stronger) to guide consumers in performing the sensory test does not significantly influence the results. Consequently, it is possible to adopt greater freedom and flexibility in the terminology used to instruct participants in conducting the test.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Importance: Determining the influence of race and ethnicity on change in cognitive test performance has significant implications for clinical practice and research in populations at risk for Alzheimer disease. Objective: To evaluate the significance of race and ethnicity in predicting longitudinal cognitive test performance and to develop models to support evidence-based practice. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prognostic study included baseline and 24-month follow-up data that were obtained from the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD) study, an ongoing longitudinal observational study of aging and dementia in a multiracial, multiethnic cohort. Participants included community-dwelling adults and elders living in the Dallas and Fort Worth metropolitan area who were Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults older than the age of 50 years and were cognitively unimpaired. Exposure: The primary exposure of interest was time, measured in months. Main Outcomes and Measures: Demographic variables included age, sex, education, and race and ethnicity. Cognitive domains included attention and working memory, processing speed, language, memory, and executive functioning. Linear regression models predicted follow-up performance from baseline performance and demographic variables for 13 commonly used neuropsychological tests. Follow-up testing was the primary outcome for all domains. Raw scores from 13 standardized tests were used for analyses. Results: This study included 799 adults who were cognitively unimpaired (352 Hispanic individuals [44.1%]; 447 non-Hispanic individuals [55.9%]; 524 female [65.6%]; mean [SD] age, 65.4 [8.1] years). In the regression models, all 13 follow-up scores were significantly predicted from their respective baseline scores and demographic variables. Baseline performance and education were the most consistent predictors of follow-up scores, contributing to all 13 models. Age was significantly associated with follow-up in 11 models, and sex was significant in 5 models. Race and ethnicity contributed to 10 of 13 models, with Hispanic participants predicted to have poorer follow-up scores than their non-Hispanic White counterparts on each test. Conclusions and Relevance: In this longitudinal study of cognitive change in Hispanic and non-Hispanic older adults who were cognitively unimpaired, standardized regression-based models were influenced by multiple demographic variables, including race and ethnicity. These findings highlight the importance of including race and ethnicity in such cognitive change models. This ability to accurately predict cognitive change is expected to become increasingly important as clinical practice and clinical trials need to become more diverse and culturally appropriate in this burgeoning global medical and societal crisis.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Research on mathematical cognition, learning, and instruction (MCLI) often takes cognition as its point of departure and considers instruction at a later point in the research cycle. In this article, we call for psychologists who study MCLI to reflect on the "status quo" of their research practices and to consider making instruction an earlier and more central aspect of their work. We encourage scholars of MCLI (a) to consider the needs of educators and schools when selecting research questions and developing interventions; (b) to compose research teams that are diverse in the personal, disciplinary, and occupational backgrounds of team members; (c) to make efforts to broaden participation in research and to conduct research in authentic settings; and (d) to communicate research in ways that are accessible to practitioners and to the general public. We argue that a more central consideration of instruction will lead to shifts that make research on MCLI more theoretically valuable, more actionable for educators, and more relevant to pressing societal challenges.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Hydrolysis of PhTeI3 in the presence of sodium phenylseleninate and M3+ ions (M = Y, Nd, Ce) gives well-defined, bowl-shaped telluroxane clusters. Each of the two half-spheres of the compositions [(PhTe)18{ML}O24]7+/8+ ({ML} = {Y(NO3)(H2O)}2+ (1), {Nd(NO3)(H2O)2+} (2), or {Ce(NO3)2}+ (3)) are connected by two (compound 3) or four (compounds 1 and 2) PhSeO2- bridges. The resulting chalcogenoxane spheres have internal volumes of approximately 1500 Å3. Charge compensation is provided by nitrate ions and/or [Na2(NO3)8]6- clusters, which are located inside and surrounding these spheres.

RESUMEN

Azithromycin ethanol solvate monohydrate [C38H72N2O120.5(C2H6O)H2O], abbreviated by AZM-MH-EtOH, was synthesized by slow evaporation method and investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy combined with density functional theory (DFT) studies. Electronic and vibrational properties were properly investigated based on a theoretical study of solvation effects, using implicit solvation and solute electron density models. The electronic and vibrational studies were evaluated under aqueous, ethanolic, and vacuum conditions. The electronic structure calculations indicated that the AZM-MH-EtOH is chemically more stable in solvents compared to vacuum condition. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) measurements confirmed the stability of the material in ethanolic medium, due to higher absorbance values compared to the aqueous medium. Vibrational changes were observed in the Raman and IR bands, which have connection with hydrogen bonds. The experimental vibration modes showed better accordance with the predicted modes' values under solvation effects, but a slight divergence is noticed when we compared to vibration modes obtained in vacuum. Furthermore, the results have revealed a greater affinity profile of AZM-MH-EtOH for water and ethanol solvents compared to theoretical data under vacuum condition.

RESUMEN

Background: Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is an uncommon malignant sinonasal tumor. There are few data regarding ENB management, namely its treatment. We review our institute's experience in the treatment of ENB and evaluate survival outcomes. Materials and methods: Retrospective study of patients with ENB treated between 1984-2022. A total of 20 patients were identified, 13 men and 7 women, aged between 20 and 76 years. Results: Eleven patients were stage C of the modified Kadish staging system at initial presentation, 7 stage B, 1 stage A and 1 stage D. Seventeen patients underwent surgery alone or combined with adjuvant treatment (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy). The majority of the patients (71.4%) treated with surgery alone were stage B, whereas most of the patients (63.6%) that underwent surgery combined with adjuvant treatment were stage C. Five of the 7 patients treated with surgery alone had a locoregional recurrence. Two of the 10 patients treated with surgery followed by adjuvant treatment had relapsed, locoregionally and at a distance, respectively. One patient was treated with chemotherapy and 2 patients were treated with chemoradiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy, respectively. The recurrence and persistence rates were 35% and 15%, respectively. The median time from the end of the first treatment to recurrence was 20.9 months. Two- and 5-year overall survival rates were 83.9% and 77.9%; while progression-free survival rates were 76.7% and 61.0%, respectively. Conclusions: Sixty percent of patients were treated with a multimodal approach, which appeared to be a favorable strategy for the majority of patients.

RESUMEN

Aim: Different nonpharmacological strategies are adopted to decrease primary dysmenorrhea (PD)-related pain. The present study aimed to verify women's use of nonpharmacological methods for pain and compare them with evidence from the literature.Materials & methods: A two-step study was conducted, comprising an online survey with 9144 women to assess nonpharmacological strategies for relieving PD-related pain, and a literature review on PubMed of verify the evidence of nonpharmacological methods.Results: Many women reported using heat therapy (61.5%), tea (42.4%) and massage (30.9%) to alleviate menstrual pain. However, the literature on these methods is limited.Conclusion: Several nonpharmacological methods are used by women to relieve PD-related pain and studies with low bias risk are needed to prove their effectiveness.

What is this article about This article explores how women manage menstrual pain, known as primary dysmenorrhea (PD), using non-drug methods. The study investigates the common self-care techniques women employ to ease their pain and compares these practices with scientific evidence.What were the results? The study found that many women use non-drug methods such as heat therapy (61.5%), tea (42.4%) and massage (30.9%) to relieve menstrual pain. Despite their popularity, sometimes the scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of these methods is limited.What do these results mean? These results indicate that while women frequently use various self-care methods to manage menstrual pain, there is a need for more high-quality scientific studies to confirm whether these methods are truly effective. This highlights a gap between common practices and scientific effectiveness.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Second primary cancers (SPCs) are estimated to affect nearly 5% of patients with breast cancer within 10 years of their diagnosis. This study aimed to estimate the contribution of SPCs to the mortality of patients with a breast first primary cancer (FPC). METHODS: A population-based cohort of 17,210 patients with a breast FPC diagnosed between 2000 and 2010 was followed for SPCs (31/12/2015) and vital status (30/06/2021). Patients diagnosed with an SPC (265 synchronous and 897 metachronous, ≤ 1 and > 1 year after the FPC, respectively) were matched (1:3, by five-year age group and year of breast FPC diagnosis) to those without an SPC and alive when the corresponding SPC was diagnosed. RESULTS: Significantly higher hazards of death were found among patients with an SPC [hazard ratio of 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-1.89 for synchronous SPCs; and 2.85, 95%CI 2.56-3.17 for metachronous SPCs] compared to patients with a breast FPC only. Estimates were higher for synchronous lung, stomach, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and breast SPCs, and metachronous liver, stomach, ovary, lung, rectum, corpus uteri, colon, breast, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma SPCs. The 15-year cumulative mortality was 59.5% for synchronous SPCs and 68.7% for metachronous SPCs, which was higher than in patients with a breast FPC only (43.6% and 44.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In Northern Portugal, patients with an SPC following a breast FPC have a higher mortality compared with patients with a breast FPC only.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The Choosing Wisely campaign is an international initiative that is aimed at promoting a dialog between professionals, helping the population to choose an evidence-based, truly necessary and risk-free care. The aim of the study was to develop the Choosing Wisely Brazil list on Women's Health Physiotherapy in the area of the pelvic floor. METHODS: A observational study was carried out between January 2022 and July 2023, proposed by the Brazilian Association of Physiotherapy in Women's Health, and developed by researchers working in the area of the pelvic floor. The development of the list consisted of six stages: a panel of experts, consensus building, national research, a review by the Choosing Wisely Brazil team, preparation of the list, and publication of the recommendations. Descriptive and content analyses were carried out in order to include evidence-based recommendations with over 80% agreement by physiotherapists in Brazil. RESULTS: The expert panel was made up of 25 physiotherapists who submitted 63 recommendations. Seven physiotherapists/researchers carried out a critical analysis of the literature and refined the recommendations, resulting in 11 recommendations that were put to a national vote, in which 222 physiotherapists took part. After a review by the Choosing Wisely Brazil team, five recommendations with an average agreement of 88.2% agreement were chosen for publication. CONCLUSIONS: The Choosing Wisely Brazil team in Physiotherapy in Women's Health/Pelvic Floor proposed a list of five recommendations that showed a high agreement among Brazilian physiotherapists working in the area.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer (LC) is a relevant public health problem in Brazil and worldwide, given its high incidence and mortality. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of smoking and smoking status according to sociodemographic characteristics and disparities in access, treatment, and mortality due to LC in Brazil in 2013 and 2019. METHOD: Retrospective study of triangulation of national data sources: a) analysis of the distribution of smoking, based on the National Survey of Health (PNS); b) investigation of LC records via Hospital-based Cancer Registry (HCR); and c) distribution of mortality due to LC in the Mortality Information System (SIM). RESULTS: There was a decrease in the percentage of people who had never smoked from 2013 (68.5%) to 2019 (60.2%) and in smoking history (pack-years). This was observed to be greater in men, people of older age groups, and those with less education. Concerning patients registered in the HCR, entry into the healthcare service occurs at the age of 50, and only 19% have never smoked. While smokers in the population are mainly Mixed-race, patients in the HCR are primarily White. As for the initial stage (I and II), it is more common in White people and people who have never smoked. The mortality rate varied from 1.00 for people with higher education to 3.36 for people without education. Furthermore, White people have a mortality rate three times higher than that of Black and mixed-race people. CONCLUSION: This article highlighted relevant sociodemographic disparities in access to LC diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. Therefore, the recommendation is to strengthen the Population-Based Cancer Registry and develop and implement a nationwide LC screening strategy in Brazil since combined prevention and early diagnosis strategies work better in controlling mortality from the disease and continued investment in tobacco prevention and control policies.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Expanding loco-regional nodes harvesting is expected to increase survival. This improvement may be associated to stage migration (SM). However, the great bulk of harvested lymph nodes observed in large dissections is negative. M&M: 830 patients who received R0 gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma were included. pN+ patients with <26 nodes (n = 209) were included for a simulation to "offer 26 nodes" - SM (proportional and exponential based) was simulated and analysed through machine learning algorithms. Overall Survival (OS), in native and simulated stages, were compared. OS of extended lymphadenectomies (pN+, D ≥ 26, n = 273) was compared with the simulated curves. OS of patients in the following dissection intervals of negative nodes were compared: <16 (n = 233), 16-25 (n = 258), ≥26 (n = 339). RESULTS: After simulation to 26 nodes (pN+, D < 26 patients, n = 209), staging was recomputed. OS of native vs simulated early-stages (I-II) and advanced stages (III) were not different (p > 0.05). OS of patients with lymphadenectomy (≥26) was better than simulated for early and advanced stages (p = 0.008; p = 0.005). OS of patients included in distinct intervals of negative lymph nodes were different (p < 0.001). These intervals were an independent prognostic factor (multivariate analysis). CONCLUSIONS: The influence of Stage Migration was null in this set of simulations and Will Rogers phenomenon was not observed. Extended dissection performed better in OS. But the influence of the number of negative nodes, even in large dissections, was highlighted. By emphasizing the role of negative nodes, we aim to facilitate more informed decision-making in management of gastric cancer patients, ultimately leading to improved treatment outcomes and patient care.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The present study highlights the integration of lignin with graphene oxide (GO) and its reduced form (rGO) as a significant advancement within the bio-based products industry. Lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin is used as a carbon source in polyurethane foams, with the addition of 1 %, 2 %, and 4 % of GO and rGO to produce carbon structures thus producing carbon foams (CFs). Two conversion routes are assessed: (i) direct addition with rGO solution, and (ii) GO reduction by heat treatment. Carbon foams are characterized by thermal, structural, and morphological analysis, alongside an assessment of their electrochemical behavior. The thermal decomposition of samples with GO is like those having rGO, indicating the effective removal of oxygen groups in GO by carbonization. The addition of GO and rGO significantly improved the electrochemical properties of CF, with the GO2% sensors displaying 39 % and 62 % larger electroactive area than control and rGO2% sensors, respectively. Furthermore, there is a significant electron transfer improvement in GO sensors, demonstrating a promising potential for ammonia detection. Detailed structural and performance analysis highlights the significant enhancement in electrochemical properties, paving the way for the development of advanced sensors for gas detection, particularly ammonia, with the prospective market demands for durable, simple, cost-effective, and efficient devices.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The aim was to report cases and risk factors for hepatogenous photosensitization in lambs kept on Brachiaria spp. pastures and supplemented with levels of extruded urea (EU). The herd consisted of 69 Texel crossbred lambs with known parentage (fathers and mothers adapted to the consumption of forage of the genus Brachiaria), randomly divided into 5 groups and distributed in individual paddocks for each group. The animals were supplemented with increasing levels of EU (Amireia® 200S): 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 g of EU per 100 kg-1 of body weight (BW). The concentration of protodioscin was estimated in the mixed pastures of Brachiaria spp. (cv. Marandu and cv. Basilisk), structural components (leaf, stem, and dead material), samples of each cultivar, and in the months of December (2018), February, and April (2019). The animals were examined daily, and when behavioral changes were identified, they underwent clinical examinations and anamnesis. Weighing was performed every 14 days, followed by necropsy and serum biochemical analysis, including gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). The highest concentrations of protodioscin (p < 0.0001) were found in the pastures used by animals supplemented without extruded urea (7.07 ± 0.56), in the Basilisk cultivar (11.35 ± 0.06), in the leaf blade components (2.08 ± 0.05), and thatch (2.20 ± 0.00), and in the month of April (7.34 ± 0.29) (the month with the lowest rainfall), respectively. Fourteen (20.29%) cases of photosensitization were observed in lambs, of which six recovered, and eight died. Serum GGT levels ranged from 42.2 to 225 IU/L; however, in animals that died, values ranged from 209.4 to 225 IU/L. The use of levels 12 g and 18 g per 100 kg-1 of body weight of extruded urea may contribute to the lower occurrence of photosensitization, as the animals selected pastures with lower protodioscin content, presenting a smaller number of cases.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Menstrual characteristics can affect a woman's productivity at work and college, but studies in a general population of adult women are scarce. In addition, it is important to know which menstrual symptoms are most associated with presenteeism in women to promote specific health actions. The present study aimed to assess menstrual symptoms associated with presenteeism in adult women. METHODS: Online cross-sectional study in which menstrual characteristics, including menstrual flow, age of menarche, menstrual pain and cycle duration were assessed by a self-report questionnaire. The menstrual pain intensity was assessed by Numerical Rating Scale, and the presenteeism, by the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 (SPS-6). Women were divided in two groups, with and without presenteeism, based on the SPS-6 cutoff point. Data were analyzed by binary logistic regression and presented as odds ratios (OR). RESULTS: Among the 430 women who participated in the study, 44.2% were classified as with presenteeism. Women with severe menstrual flow were more likely to have presenteeism (OR = 2.12) compared with women with mild and moderate menstrual flow. The higher menstrual pain intensity the higher the chances of a woman presenting with presenteeism (OR = 1.29). CONCLUSIONS: These menstrual characteristics (intensity of menstrual flow and menstrual pain) seem to affect women's productivity at work and/or college, and should be assessed in research and clinical practice. Thus, public policies on women's health can be carried out based on these results.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The development of wound dressings from biomaterials has been the subject of research due to their unique structural and functional characteristics. Proteins from animal origin, such as collagen and chitosan, act as promising materials for applications in injuries and chronic wounds, functioning as a repairing agent. This study aims to evaluate in vitro effects of scaffolds with different formulations containing bioactive compounds such as collagen, chitosan, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ε-poly-lysine (ε-PL). We manufactured a scaffold made of a collagen hydrogel bioconjugated with chitosan by crosslinking and addition of NAC and ε-PL. Cell viability was verified by resazurin and live/dead assays and the ultrastructure of biomaterials was evaluated by SEM. Antimicrobial sensitivity was assessed by antibiogram. The healing potential of the biomaterial was evaluated in vivo, in a model of healing of excisional wounds in mice. On the 7th day after the injury, the wounds and surrounding skin were processed for evaluation of biochemical and histological parameters associated with the inflammatory process. The results showed great cell viability and increase in porosity after crosslinking while antimicrobial action was observed in scaffolds containing NAC and ε-PL. Chitosan scaffolds bioconjugated with NAC/ε-PL showed improvement in tissue healing, with reduced lesion size and reduced inflammation. It is concluded that scaffolds crosslinked with chitosan-NAC-ε-PL have the desirable characteristics for tissue repair at low cost and could be considered promising biomaterials in the practice of regenerative medicine.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is an etiological cyclic pelvic pain related to the menstrual period; it can negatively impact women's quality of life and productivity. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of PD and analyze associated symptoms in Brazilian women. METHODS: An online cross-sectional study was carried out in Brazil, with a structured questionnaire regarding dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms. PD intensity was measured with the Numerical Rating Scale for Pain and classified as mild (1-3), moderate (4-7) and severe (> 8). The association between qualitative variables was performed using Pearson's Chi-Square Test. The quantification of this association was measured using multinomial logistic regression models, with calculation of Odds Ratio and confidence interval. A significance level of 5% was considered. RESULTS: A total of 10,070 women were included. Most participants classified PD intensity as moderate (40.4%, 41.9% and 49.7%) and severe (21.2%, 24.8% and 28.4%) in the previous month, 3 months and 5 years, respectively. The most common symptoms associated with PD were irritability, abdominal distension sensation, anxiety and feeling more emotional. The increased of the risk (OR > 1.0) for moderate and severe PD-related pain intensity is related to age, nulliparity and presence PD since adolescence. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of PD among Brazilian women, and the most common symptoms reported were irritability, abdominal distension sensation, anxiety and feeling more emotional.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Background: Some patients with breast cancer submitted to breast-conserving surgery might benefit from a postlumpectomy imaging examination previously to radiation therapy. This aims to document the complete removal of cancer and might be accomplished using mammogram with breast and axillary ultrasonography. These modalities study not only the affected side but also the contralateral side. In fact, it is well-documented that women with breast cancer have an increased risk for contralateral breast cancer. Thus, we intended to evaluate the value of postlumpectomy imaging undertaken before adjuvant radiotherapy regarding the evaluation of the contralateral breast and axilla. Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records for patients with breast cancer submitted to breast-conserving surgery and referred to our radiotherapy unit between 2018 and 2019 were reviewed. All patients had to be submitted to bilateral mammogram with breast and axillary ultrasonography previously to radiotherapy. Patients with bilateral disease or with a history of breast cancer were excluded. Results: One thousand two hundred forty patients were analyzed. 19 (1.5%) had suspicious findings for contralateral breast disease, and 8 (0.6%) had a re-excision positive for residual malignancy. Higher age, invasive lobular carcinoma associated or not with lobular carcinoma in situ, and presence of lobular carcinoma in situ were associated with an increased risk for residual disease. Conclusion: Contralateral evaluation as part of postlumpectomy imaging revealed itself useful at detecting contralateral cancer, with some demographic and clinical features being associated with an increased risk for residual disease.

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different selenium compounds on the sperm quality of cryopreserved ram semen. Ejaculates from four rams, collected using an artificial vagina heated to 38 °C, were individually evaluated. The approved ejaculates were pooled and diluted (1:1 v:v) in Tris-egg yolk extender (20%, v/v) and separated into two control groups, one cooled for 2 h and the other for 4 h. The pooled ejaculates at the two cooling periods were supplemented with two doses (0.5 and 1 µg/mL) of organic selenium (ORG), and inorganic selenium (SeNa), each. The samples were packed in 0.25 ml straws, at a concentration of 400 × 106 sperms/mL and stored in liquid nitrogen. The straws were thawed in a water bath at 37 °C for 20 s, and the samples were subjected to sperm kinetics evaluation by Computer Assisted Semen Analysis software. Sperm membrane integrity, acrosome morphology, and mitochondrial potential were assessed. In addition, oxidative stress markers reactive oxygen species (ROS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity) were also evaluated. No significant improvement was observed in the ram semen quality at the two cooling times. Supplementation of the freezing extender with 0.5 µg/mL ORG, subjected to 4 h cooling period, increased the sperm motility when compared with the control group at the same cooling time. In addition, the 0.5 µg/mL SeNa group, under the 2 h cooling period, showed an increase in sperm motility when compared to the control group at the same cooling period. Considering the importance of sperm motility as a fertility parameter, our study indicates that supplementation with ORG and SeNa can help improve the total motility of the cryopreserved ram semen.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Protodioscin is a saponin present in grasses that can lead to losses in animal production. Our hypothesis was that mathematical models can accurately and precisely predict the protodioscin concentration in tropical grasses. We evaluated the ability of four mathematical models to describe the protodioscin concentration in Brachiaria and Panicum cultivars with different regrowth periods. Six cultivars of Panicum: Aruana, Massai, Mombaça, Tanzânia, Tamani, and Zuri; and five of Brachiaria-grass: Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã, Xaraés and Basilisk. Protodioscin concentration evaluations were carried out at 51, 84, 110, and 111 days of age. Linear, Quadratic, Exponential, and Logarithmic models were evaluated, and the adequacy of the models was verified. The models were compared for accuracy and precision by pairwise mean squared error analysis and the delta Akaike information criterion. The models did not differ from each other in terms of accuracy and precision. The exponential model showed a high ability to explain the observed variability between protodioscin concentration and plant age for Brachiaria grasses. Panicum grasses have constant protodioscin concentration. Mathematical models are capable of predicting the protodioscin concentration in grasses of the genus Brachiaria based on plant age. We recommend Exponential model to predict the concentration of protodioscin in Brachiaria grasses.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The objective was to investigate the effects of health education (HE) on urinary symptoms and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence (UI). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of trials evaluating HE for women with UI. The risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. RESULTS: The search identified 5,118 articles. Eighteen papers were considered eligible. The interventions investigated included health education (HE), combined intervention, self-management (SM), and structured training (ST). Outcomes included quality of life (QoL), UI frequency, UI severity, impression of improvement, incontinence symptoms, urine leakage, fear of leakage, urgency, and incontinence impact. Compared with the control group there was a significant improvement in the frequency, severity, and impact on the QoL for women with UI (assessed by the total score of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ SF); RR = -1.47, 95% CI [-2.07, -0.88]; two trials; low certainty of the evidence). CONCLUSIONS: This review shows that HE seems to be beneficial in the treatment of women with UI when compared with control women (no treatment or general health care), improving the frequency, severity, and impact on QoL assessed by the ICIQ SF total score. However, the certainty of this evidence is low.

Asunto(s)