RESUMEN
As longevity is increasing, the 65-year-old and older population is projected to increase in the next decades, as are the consequences of age-related muscle deterioration on the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of the ACTN3R577X polymorphism with quality of life and muscular strength in an older Spanish population. In total, 281 older adults participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements, chronic diseases, prescribed medications, quality of life, hand grip strength, and physical activity and nutritional status data were collected. ACTN3 R577X genotyping was determined using Taqman probes. Multivariate regression analysis revealed in adjusted model that, in men, the ACTN3 R577X genotype was significantly associated with hand grip strength (HGS), regression coefficient (ß) = 1.23, p = 0.008, dimension 1 of the five-dimension questionnaire EuroQoL (EQ-5D, mobility), (ß) = -1.44, p = 0.006, and clinical group risk (CGR) category (ß) = -1.38, p = 0.006. In women, a marginal association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and the CGR category was observed, with a regression coefficient of (ß) = -0.97, (p = 0.024). Our findings suggest that the ACTN3 R577X genotype may influence the decline in muscle strength and quality of life in older Spanish adult males.
Asunto(s)
Fuerza de la Mano , Calidad de Vida , Actinina/genética , Anciano , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Fuerza Muscular/genética , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMEN
Introducción: en los últimos años se ha apreciado en España un alejamiento progresivo del patrón de la Dieta Mediterránea (DM) y un aumento progresivo del sobrepeso y obesidad infantil. El test KIDMED está considerado por varios autores como una herramienta apta para valorar la adherencia DM, la cual ha demostrado su potencial para el control del peso corporal. Objetivo: evaluar la adhesión a la DM y la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños de 6 a 9 años que utilizaban los servicios del comedor escolar en Soria y su variación a través del tiempo. Método: la recolección de datos se llevó a cabo durante los años 2008-2009 (G1) y 2018-2019 (G2) y la adhesión a la DM se evaluó mediante el cuestionario KIDMED. Se recogieron datos de 314 niños. Las variables se expresan como frecuencias y medias ± DE, el test t de Student se aplicó para comparar las medias de las variables cuantitativas y la prueba Chi cuadrado para evaluar la independencia entre variables cualitativas (p <0,05). Resultados: no se observaron diferencias significativas entre niños y niñas en el grupo G2 en cuanto a edad, altura, peso, IMCe índice KIDMED, tampoco en el IMC entre los grupos G1 y G2.El valor medio del índice KIDMED en el grupo G2 (7.08 ± 2.0)disminuyó de forma significativa respecto al del grupo G1 (7.60± 2.0). La proporción de respuestas afirmativas a las cuestiones del test KIDMED sobre: consumir pasta o arroz casi a diario; tomar frutos secos con regularidad y tomar 2 yogures o/y 40 g de queso cada día fue mayor en el grupo G1 que en el grupo G2. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en los niños de 6 a 9 años que utilizan los servicios del comedor escolar en colegios públicos de Soria parece haberse estabilizado en los últimos años, mientras que la adhesión a la DM ha descendido ligeramente. (AU)
Introduction: in recent years Spain has seen a progressive departure from the pattern of the Mediterranean Diet (DM) and a progressive increase in childhood overweight and obesity. The KIDMED test is considered by several authors as a suitable tool to assess DM adherence, which has demonstrated its potential for body weight control. Objective: to evaluate adherence to DM and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 6 to 9 who used the services of the school canteen in Soria and its variation over time. Method: data collection was carried out during the years 2008-2009 (G1) and 2018-2019 (G2); Adherence to DM was assessed using the KIDMED questionnaire. Data were collected from 314 children. The variables are expressed as frequencies and means ± SD, the Students t test was applied to compare the means of the quantitative variables and the Chi-square test to evaluate the independence between qualitative variables (p <0.05). Results: no significant differences were observed between boys and girls in the G2 group in terms of age, height, weight, BMI and KIDMED index, nor in the BMI between the G1 and G2 groups. The mean value of the KIDMED index in group G2 (7.08 ± 2.0) decreased significantly compared to that of group G1 (7.08 ± 2.0). The proportion of positive responses to the KIDMED test questions about consuming pasta or rice almost daily; eating nuts regularly and take 2 yogurts or / and 40 g of cheese every day were higher in group G1 than in group G2. Conclusions: the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 6 to 9 who use the school canteen services in public schools in Soria seems to have stabilized in recent years, while adherence to DM has decreased slightly. (AU)