RESUMEN
The plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs) include a number of entities such as multiple myeloma, primary amyloidosis, and monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease. Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is the only cure for a variety of hematologic and oncologic diseases. Clinically significant renal impairment is a common feature in plasma cell myeloma, affecting 20% to 55% of patients at initial diagnosis; 2% to 3% of patients present with failure sufficiently severe to require hemodialysis. This circumstance is associated with a high early mortality. The necessity for immunosuppression after HCT could complicate its management and may precipitate the development of complications. In some patients an effective alternative could be kidney transplant (KT); however, the presence of 2 transplants will require optimal adjustment of immunosuppression and management of complications. At present, there are few published cases of KT after HCT, and the experience of managing 2 transplants is limited. We would like to describe our experience with 4 patients who had a PCD and initially received HCT and received subsequent KT. In our experience the progress and outcome of KT after HCT were optimal. We would like to address that a higher incidence of cytopenia associated with the combination of immunosuppression (lenalidomide, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, etc.) and other drugs (ie, valganciclovir) should be considered together with an increased risk of opportunistic infections and PCD relapse.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Trasplante de Riñón , Paraproteinemias/complicaciones , Paraproteinemias/cirugía , Insuficiencia Renal/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Insuficiencia Renal/etiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this exploratory study was to analyze the urinary excretion of Clara cell protein (CC16), a new marker of proximal tubular dysfunction (PTD), in kidney transplantation (KT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urinary concentrations of CC16, ß2-microglobulin (ß2m), and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) were measured in 50 KT patients (72% men; mean age 50.4 ± 12.4 years; diabetes in 24%; duration of KT 4.3 ± 3.1 years) and 10 healthy controls (6 men; mean age 33.6 ± 13.4 years). RESULTS: Urinary levels of ß2m, NAG, and CC16 were significantly higher in KT patients than in controls: ß2m: 0.77 (interquartile range [IQ] 0.22 to 4.62) g/g vs 0.069 (IQ 0.05 to 0.10) g/g; NAG: 3.16 (IQ 2.09 to 5.33) U/g vs 1.73 (IQ 1.25 to 2.07) U/g; CC16: 26.01 (IQ 8.62 to 123.3) g/g vs 2.51 (IQ 0.83 to 7.18) g/g (P < .001). Elevated levels of ß2m, NAG, and CC16 were found in 81%, 28%, and 71% of KT patients, respectively. Urinary levels of ß2m, NAG, and CC16 significantly increase as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases. Interestingly, in patients with GFR >60 mL/min, we still found high levels of ß2m, NAG, and CC16 in 77%, 13%, and 52%, respectively. Diabetic subjects had significant higher levels of the 3 markers compared with nondiabetic subjects, without differences in albumin excretion or GFR. CC16 showed a positive correlation with urinary albumin (r = 0.42, P < .001), NAG (r = 0.352, P < .05), and ß2m (r = 0.75, P < .001). CONCLUSION: PTD is highly prevalent in KT patients. This is the first study that analyzes CC16 in KT patients, showing that the urinary excretion of this protein is significantly increased in this population. Further studies are needed to examine the clinical value of CC16 in KT patients.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Fanconi/orina , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/orina , Uteroglobina/orina , Acetilglucosaminidasa/orina , Adulto , Albuminuria/orina , Biomarcadores/orina , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Diabetes Mellitus/orina , Síndrome de Fanconi/etiología , Femenino , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Periodo Posoperatorio , Factores de Riesgo , Microglobulina beta-2/orinaRESUMEN
Cases of poisoning with pesticides, especially suicidal ones, continue to be an important therapeutic problem. The heribicide paraquat (1.1' dimethyl-4.4' bipyridylium dichloride) is the second cause of pesticide poisoning in our country, which is associated with a high mortality rate. We report two cases of suicidal ingestion of paraquat who developed multiorgan failure with a lethal outcome. We also present a brief review of the literature, mainly focused on the different therapeutic options.
Asunto(s)
Paraquat/envenenamiento , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , SuicidioRESUMEN
La intoxicación por pesticidas, especialmente con fines suicidas, continua siendo un importante problema terapéutico. El herbicida paraquat (1,1' dimetil-4,4' bipiridilo dicloro) es el 2º agente causal de intoxicación por pesticidas en nuestro país, estando asociada a una alta tasa de mortalidad. Presentamos dos casos de intoxicación por paraquat con fines autolíticos que desarrollaron fracaso multiorgánico y tuvieron una evolución fatal. Presentamos también una breve revisión de la literatura centrada principalmente en las diferentes opciones terapéuticas. (AU)