RESUMEN
Fifteen male paranoid schizophrenics underwent an initial 4-week therapy with haloperidol 7.5 mg/day, and a subsequent 4-week treatment with haloperidol 15 mg/day, p.o. (group I). Another 15 male paranoid schizophrenics received an initial 4-week treatment with haloperidol 30 mg/day, and a subsequent 4-week therapy with haloperidol 60 mg/day, p.o. (group II). In each group of patients, serum prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) levels were measured before treatment and at the end of the two consecutive periods of treatment. A dose-related increase in serum PRL levels was found in both groups of medicated patients. Serum LH levels were not significantly affected by haloperidol treatment. A significant decrease in serum T levels was detected only in group II medicated patients, i.e., in the patients who were treated with relatively high daily doses (30 or 60 mg/day) of haloperidol.
Asunto(s)
Haloperidol/administración & dosificación , Hormona Luteinizante/efectos de los fármacos , Prolactina/efectos de los fármacos , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Psicología del Esquizofrénico , Testosterona/sangre , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Esquizofrenia/sangre , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Serum prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) levels were estimated in a group of 30 male paranoid schizophrenics before and after 4 weeks treatment with chlorpromazine and/or trihexyphenidyl, and in a group of 14 healthy male individuals. After treatment with chlorpromazine (100 mg t.i.d., p.o.), 10 patients presented a significant increase in serum PRL values and a significant decrease in serum T values. A significant increase in serum PRL values was also found in 10 patients who were treated with chlorpromazine (100 mg t.i.d., p.o.) plus trihexyphenidyl (5 mg t.i.d., p.o.). No significant difference in any of the investigated endocrine parameters was detected in 10 patients after 4 weeks administration of trihexyphenidyl (5 mg t.i.d., p.o.). Following chlorpromazine treatment with or without concomitant administration of trihexyphenidyl, 20 patients showed a significant increase in serum PRL levels and a significant decrease in serum LH and T levels.
Asunto(s)
Clorpromazina/administración & dosificación , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/sangre , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Trihexifenidilo/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Enfermedad Crónica , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Hormona Luteinizante/sangre , Masculino , Prolactina/sangre , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/sangre , Testosterona/sangreRESUMEN
In order to investigate the effects of 6 weeks' neuroleptic treatment on the pituitary-thyroid axis in 25 male schizophrenic patients, and the diurnal variation in the thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in these patients, the TRH stimulation test was performed in each of them at 14.00 and 24.00 h of the same day, both before and after 6 weeks' treatment with neuroleptics (chlorpromazine or fluspirilene). Also, serum thyroxine (T4), in vitro radioactive triiodothyronine uptake (RT3 U) and free-thyroxine index (FTI) values were estimated from the pre-TRH blood sample. We found no evidence of diurnal variation in the TSH response to TRH in the schizophrenic patients, before or after 6 weeks' neuroleptic treatment. Only drug-free schizophrenic patients had significantly higher PRL responses to TRH at 14.00 h than those at 24.00 h. After 6 weeks' neuroleptic treatment, schizophrenic patients tended to have lower FTI values; also, they had significantly higher basal TSH and PRL values, as well as significantly augmented TSH and PRL responses to TRH, in comparison to their pretreatment values. These findings render possible the diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism in neuroleptic-treated schizophrenic patients.
Asunto(s)
Clorpromazina/uso terapéutico , Ritmo Circadiano , Fluspirileno/uso terapéutico , Hipófisis/metabolismo , Esquizofrenia/metabolismo , Compuestos de Espiro/uso terapéutico , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Prolactina/sangre , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Tirotropina/sangre , Hormona Liberadora de Tirotropina , Tiroxina/sangre , Triyodotironina/sangreRESUMEN
The serum prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E) levels were investigated in a group of male paranoid schizophrenics with delusional ideas of homosexual content, in a group of male paranoid schizophrenics without delusional ideas of homosexual content, and in a group of healthy, male heterosexual subjects. Only male paranoid schizophrenics with delusional ideas of homosexual content had significantly lower serum PRL values and significantly higher serum E levels than those of the age-matched group of normal, male heterosexual controls; also, these patients tended to have higher (though not to a statistically significant degree) serum LH and T levels than those of normal controls. Findings of this study are discussed within the framework of the possible involvement of endocrine factors in the occurrence of delusional ideas of homosexual content in male patients with paranoid schizophrenia.
Asunto(s)
Deluciones/sangre , Homosexualidad , Hormonas/sangre , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/sangre , Adulto , Deluciones/complicaciones , Deluciones/psicología , Estradiol/sangre , Humanos , Hormona Luteinizante/sangre , Masculino , Prolactina/sangre , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/complicaciones , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/psicología , Testosterona/sangreRESUMEN
Determination of ABO blood types was carried out in 72 (35 female and 37 male) patients with obsessive-compulsive neurosis, 73 (35 female and 38 male) patients with phobic neurosis, 75 (54 female and 21 male) patients with hysteria and a random sample of 600 individuals (268 female and 332 male) drawn from the general population. Results provide evidence of: (1) a positive association between obsessive-compulsive neurosis and blood type A and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood type O; (2) a positive association between phobic neurosis and blood type O and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood type A, and (3) a positive association between hysteria and blood type A and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood type O. Moreover, sex does not appear to modify the ABO blood type distribution in our patients with obsessive-compulsive neurosis, phobic neurosis or hysteria. These findings might be considered as supporting the view that hereditary factors in the neurotic individual may influence the clinical form of his neurosis.
Asunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/genética , Trastornos Neuróticos/genética , Fenotipo , Femenino , Humanos , Histeria/genética , Masculino , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/genética , Trastornos Fóbicos/genéticaRESUMEN
The synchronous changes of subjective and autonomic responses to neutral and "stress' stimulation in patients with involutional depression and normal subjects were investigated. The stimuli employed were individually determined during a pretest interview and consisted of neutral, emotionally loaded and "mental task' testing periods of equal duration presented at random. GSR, heart rate and finger plethysmography measures were taken during administration of these stimuli, while the subjective anxiety experienced during the same periods of stimulation was rated by the subjects on a five-point scale. The results suggest that measures of synchrony between subjective and autonomic response systems may differentiate (1) patients from controls and (2) certain types of emotional stimuli from others in patients. Implications for further research regarding the qualitative differentiation of the arousal associated with emotional stimuli are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/fisiopatología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/fisiopatología , Emociones/fisiología , Adulto , Ansiedad , Conductividad Eléctrica , Femenino , Culpa , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Hostilidad , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pletismografía , Pruebas Psicológicas , Fenómenos Fisiológicos de la PielRESUMEN
Determination of ABO blood types was carried out in 430 (171 female and 259 male) patients with hebephrenic schizophrenia and in 340 (155 female and 185 male) patients with paranoid schizophrenia. Results were compared with a random sample of 600 individuals (268 female and 332 male) drawn from the general population. No significant association was detected between any of the ABO blood phenotypes and affliction either with hebephrenic or paranoid schizophrenia
Asunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/genética , Esquizofrenia Hebefrénica/genética , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , FenotipoRESUMEN
In an attempt to interpret previous findings of a higher incidence of blood phenotype A and a lower incidence of blood phenotype O in patients with either obsessive-compulsive neurosis or hysteria, it was hypothesized that phenotype O might be associated with personality traits that render the individual less prone to developing neurotic symptoms. To test the validity of this hypothesis Form A of the Eysenck Personality Inventory was administered to 600 normal individuals and their ABO phenotype was determined. Our results failed to support the above hypothesis, because the blood phenotype of the participants did not differentiate them with respect to their mean neuroticism score. The possibility of an association between ABO blood phenotypes and other, more specific, personality traits, such as hysteroid or obsessional is presently under investigation.
Asunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO , Trastornos Neuróticos/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Histeria/etiología , Histeria/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Neuróticos/etiología , Trastornos Neuróticos/genética , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/sangre , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/etiología , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/genética , Inventario de PersonalidadAsunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO , Trastornos Fóbicos/sangre , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
The relation of ABO blood types to obsessional personality traits, as measured by the Leyton Obsessional Inventory (LOI), was studied in a sample of 600 normal individuals. High scorers of the LOI trait portion demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of phenotype O and a significantly higher incidence of phenotypes AB, A and B, taken together, compared to those of a general population sample and the entire study group. Findings of the present study, in conjunction with previous findings concerning a lower incidence of phenotype O and a higher incidence of phenotype A in obsessive compulsive patients, could be interpreted as indicating that phenotype O may be associated with personality traits hindering the development of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology.
Asunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO , Conducta Compulsiva , Conducta Obsesiva , Personalidad , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Grecia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , FenotipoAsunto(s)
AMP Cíclico/sangre , Esquizofrenia/sangre , Enfermedad Aguda , Envejecimiento , Proteínas Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Clorpromazina/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Unión Proteica , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores Sexuales , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The mean values of serum thyroxine (T4), in vitro radioactive triiodothyronine uptake and free-thyroxine index (FTI) in 41 drug-free schizophrenic patients did not differ significantly from those of euthyroid controls. Following 6 weeks' treatment of 24 schizophrenics with chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine or clozapine, a significant decrease in serum T4 and FTI was noted after chlorpromazine and clozapine, whereas after trifluoperazine only serum T4 decreased, but not FTI. The questions arising from these findings are discussed and the need for a future investigation of serum triiodothyronine and serum TSH in schizophrenic patients before and after neuroleptic treatment is stressed.
Asunto(s)
Antipsicóticos/uso terapéutico , Esquizofrenia/sangre , Tiroxina/sangre , Triyodotironina/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Clorpromazina/uso terapéutico , Clozapina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Trifluoperazina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Results of the present study provide evidence of: 1) a positive association between bipolar affective disorder and blood type O and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood type A, 2) a positive association between unipolar affective disorder and blood type O, and 3) a positive association between involutional depression and blood type A and a corresponding negative association between the former and blood types B and O. Sex does not appear to modify the ABO blood types' distribution in patients with bipolar, unipolar affective disorder, or involutional depression, and the same holds for early- or late-onset of the illness in patients with bipolar or unipolar affective disorders. Findings in the present study do not support the validity of the bipolar-unipolar distinction of affective disorders, and provide evidence in favour of the view that involutional depression is a genetically distinct nosological entity.