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OBJECTIVE: This study proposed to assess the effect of Cryptocarya moschata extract on single and mixed biofilms formed on denture base and reline acrylic resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single and mixed biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans were formed on the samples and treated with C. moschata extract; Nystatin solution at 100,000 IU/mL or Penicillin antibiotic solution at 100,000 IU/mL; or PBS solution. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by counting colony-forming units, metabolism assay, assessment of protein components of the biofilm matrix, and of cell viability using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Cryptocarya moschata extract reduced cell viability of C. albicans and S. mutans single and mixed biofilms formed on samples. For all types of biofilms in the C. moschata group, there was a log reduction of the biofilm, proven by the Alamar Blue assay. Analyzing the extracellular matrix protein components, groups treated with the extract exhibited a lower level of fluorescence compared to the PBS groups. Reduction in thickness biofilm and viable cells was perceptible in the C. moschata group when assessing through CLSM. CONCLUSION: Cryptocarya moschata extract reduced the single and mixed biofilms of C. albicans and S. mutans on acrylic resins.

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered a multifactorial disease and has been associated with microbial infections, although the association with Candida spp. is still controversial. This systematic review focused on clinical trials which evaluated the relation between oral Candida spp colonization and OSCC. PubMed; Scopus; Embase; Web of Science and Scientific Direct were assessed. Independent reviewers conducted the diagram steps. For data extraction the PRISMA protocol was followed. The quality analysis of case-control studies was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the frequency of Candida spp and the levels of microbial acetaldehyde production (MAP) being odds ratio (OR) the effect-measure applied. Eight and six studies were included in the qualitative analysis and meta-analysis, respectively. It was noted that there was a significantly higher frequency of Candida species (p = 0.0003/OR = 9.50) in patients diagnosed with OSCC than healthy patients, especially Candida krusei (p = 0.0167/OR=4.62). Candida spp., from oral cancer patients demonstrated significantly greater biofilm, biofilm metabolic activity, phospholipase, proteinase activity and a higher production of MAP (p = 0.0111/OR = 2.67). Candida species may have a potential role in OSCC development. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of Candida spp and others risk factors in the development of OSCC.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of denture cleansers on the surface roughness, Candida albicans adhesion, and biofilm formation on denture base acrylic resins. STUDY SELECTION: Electronic databases and gray literature were searched using an individual search strategy. In vitro studies that evaluated the effects of immersion in denture cleansers on the surface roughness (µm) and antimicrobial activity (CFU/mL) on samples of heat-polymerized denture base acrylic resins were included. RESULTS: After screening, 17 studies were included, and a qualitative synthesis was performed. After assessing the risk of bias, only nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that the evaluated solutions (0.5% sodium hypochlorite, 1% sodium hypochlorite, alkaline peroxide, and natural substances) did not influence the roughness of the acrylic resin. However, in the qualitative analysis, it was not possible to confirm an association between roughness and C. albicans adhesion and biofilm formation on the acrylic resin samples. CONCLUSION: Denture cleansers did not affect the surface roughness of denture base acrylic resins.

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The objective of this study was evaluate, in vivo model, the antifungal activity of Cryptocarya moschata extract against Candida albicans and its biocompatibility. The animals (N = 50) were divided into groups (n = 5): CI/CG: candidiasis was induced and treated with C. moschata extract (0.045 g/mL); CI/NG: candidiasis was induced and treated with nystatin; CI/NT: candidiasis was induced and no treated; CI/CG-2: candidiasis was induced and treated with C. moschata extract (0.045 g/mL), reapplied after 24 h; CI/NG-2: candidiasis was induced and treated with nystatin, reapplied after 24 h; NCI/NT: candidiasis was not induced and no treated; NCI/CG: candidiasis was not induced and treated with C. moschata extract (0.045 g/mL); NCI/NG: candidiasis was not induced treated with nystatin; NCI/CG-2: candidiasis was not induced and treated with C. moschata extract (0.045 g/mL), reapplied after 24 h; NCI/NG-2: candidiasis was not induced and treated with nystatin, reapplied after 24 h. The fungi present in the lingual dorsum of mice were collected and analyzed by the count of colony-forming units. In addition, histological analysis was performed. Histologically, there was no cell damage in the mice's tongue, and there was a decrease in Candida biofilm, similar to the use of nystatin. It was concluded that the C. moschata extract was effective against C. albicans and was biocompatible.

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This study evaluated the efficacy of Cryptocarya spp extracts on biofilm of Candida albicans and its biocompatibility. Mature biofilm of C. albicans was formed on denture base acrylic resin samples and the fungicidal effect of the extracts was evaluated by Alamar Blue® assay, counting colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Cytotoxicity of extracts from Cryptocarya species was evaluated by AlamarBlue® assay, using normal oral keratinocytes (NOK) cells. In additional, Analysis of plant extracts by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS) was performed. The results showed significant reduction in the cellular metabolism and in the number of CFU/mL of C. albicans (p<0.05). The concentration of 0.045 g/mL completely inhibited the number of CFU/mL. Regarding cytotoxicity, all extracts decreased cell viability compared to the control group. CLSM analysis showed predominance of live cells, but with a great difference between the groups. Antimicrobial activity of extracts from Cryptocarya on C. albicans biofilm was confirmed. However, all extracts showed toxicity on NOK cells.

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PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental implants positioning errors and their associations with adjacent structures and anatomical variations by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: CBCT images of 207 patients (584 dental implants) were evaluated by 2 oral radiologists. The distance between the implant and the adjacent teeth/implants was measured and classified as adequate (≥1.5 mm and ≥3 mm, respectively) or inadequate. The presence of thread exposure, cortical perforation, implant dehiscence, implant penetration into adjacent structures, and anatomical variations was also recorded. The incisor canal diameter and the depth of the concavity of the submandibular fossa were measured in order to evaluate their correlations with the frequency of implant penetration in these structures. Descriptive analyses, the Fisher exact test, and Spearman correlation analysis were performed (α=0.05). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of positioning errors was 82.9%. The most common error was the inadequate distance between the implant and the adjacent teeth/implants. The presence of anatomical variations did not significantly influence the overall prevalence of errors (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the diameter of the incisor canal and the frequency of implant penetration in this structure (r=0.232, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of dental implant positioning errors, and positioning errors were not associated with the presence of anatomical variations. Professionals should be aware of the space available for implant placement during the preoperative planning stage.