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AIM: To study the level of lipoprotein(a)--Lp(a) in the blood serum and incidence of isoforms of apolipoprotein(a)--apo(a) in males and females with cholelithiasis and free of it in population of Novosibirsk; to assess possible correlations between Lp(a) level in the blood, apo(a) isoforms and bile lithogenicity in females with cholesterol cholelithiasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Examination of the representative samples of 870 females aged 25-64 years and 405 males aged 35-54 years has detected cholelithiasis in 91 females and 19 males. RESULTS: Serum levels of Lp(a) are associated with cholelithiasis. Risk of the latter in males (Lp(a) > 28 mg/dl) and females (Lp(a) > 24 mg/dl) is estimated. It is confirmed that isoforms of apo(a) B, S1 and S2 in females and isoforms of apo(a) B, S2 in males with cholelithiasis occur much more frequently than in individuals free of cholelithiasis while isoform apo(a) S4 is rare. Females with cholesterol cholelithiasis have positive correlation between blood Lp(a) levels, the presence of isoforms apo(a) B, S1 and bile lithogenicity. CONCLUSION: Males and females with cholelithiasis have more frequent high concentrations of Lp(a) (> 30 mg.dl) while low levels (0-5 mg/dl) are rare. There is a correlation between blood levels of Lp(a), apo(a) isoforms, bile lithogenicity in females with cholesterol cholelithiasis.

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32,7% of the population of Novosibirsk consume iodine salt. The median of iodine is revealed 106,8 mkg/l. The iodine deficiency is revealed 46,3%. It is not received an authentic difference in volumes of thyroid gland and parameters of TSH at surveyed with normal parameters of excretion of iodine in urine and at a various degree of expressiveness of iodine deficiency (p>0,05). Structural pathology of thyroid gland equally frequently meets at people with iodine deficiency and without iodine deficiency (p>0,05).

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AIM: To evaluate the occurrence of cholelithiasis (CL) diagnosed by routine autopsy and to compare these data with the results of ultrasonographic examination of the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Autopsy protocols (n = 1124) from a large general hospital were analysed, and a representative sample of Novosibirsk population (1678 examinees aged 25-64 years) was examined by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Prevalence of CL increased with age and was five-fold higher in females than in males. Both methods showed good concordance. The age-adjusted CL prevalence rates in 25-64 year-old groups was 1.94% in males and 9.53% in females in autopsy series, and 2.16% and 11.16%, respectively, in ultrasonographic study. CONCLUSION: Routine autopsy may serve as a reliable tool in evaluating prevalence of CL among the population provided the values are gender- and age-standardized.

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AIM: To investigate the prevalence of gallstones and associated factors in female population of Novosibirsk (Western Siberia). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A representative sample of 870 women aged 25-64 years was drawn from general population according to WHO "MONICA" protocol. The subjects were screened for the presence of gallstones by gallbladder ultrasonography, completed a questionnaire relating to food and alcohol consumption, smoking, gastrointestinal symptoms and obstetric history. They also underwent physical examination and blood chemistry tests. Age-adjusted prevalence of cholelithiasis was 9.5%. Increasing age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, consumption of animal fat, pregnancies and opisthorchiasis positively correlated with gallstones in univariate analysis. Serum lipids, family history of gallstones, consumption of alcohol and tobacco were not predictors of gallstones. Only association with age and obesity was significant in multivariate analysis. Among subjects with cholelithiasis 52.1% were not aware of having gallstones. Subjects with gallstones more frequently suffered from biliary colics and non-specific dyspeptic symptoms. However, their predictive value was poor. Cholecystectomized patients revealed more often upper abdominal pain and dyspeptic symptoms. CONCLUSION: Prevalence and risk factors for gallstones in female population of Novosibirsk are similar to those reported in Western European countries. Cholecystectomy is not recommended in patients with symptomless disease.

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In aborigines from the costal and continental areas of Chukotka who differ in dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PFA) n-3 intake, specific features of the composition of fatty acids in cell membranes were revealed in a model of erythrocytes: the costal inhabitants showed a higher proportion of PFA n-3 mainly through eicosapentaenic acid and lower proportion of major PFA n-6. With this, plasma lipoprotein lipids in whose composition the acids transported to the cell membranes displayed the similar regularities in changes in fatty acid composition. Only a far larger portion of eicosapentaenic acid in the cell membranes from the costal inhabitants than from the continental inhabitants was associated with greater mass of the left ventricular myocardium. It was concluded that transport of lipids containing high PFA n-3 in the composition of lipoproteins to the cell membranes caused an increase of the acids in them and, evidently, a change in physicochemical and, therefore, functional properties of cells.

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A comprehensive clinical and instrumental study involving the collection of complaints, resting ECG records, bicycler ergometry, Holter monitoring, echocardiography was performed in 80 Novosibirsk's residents (66 males and 14 females) aged 25-64 years who had the prolonged Q-T interval syndrome detected during a population survey. ECG frequently showed the early ventricular repolarization syndrome (23%) in males and left ventricular hypertrophy (36%) in females. Bicycle ergometry increased Q-T interval in 11% of males and decreased or unchanged it in the remaining cases. Holter monitoring revealed cardiac arrhythmias in 39% of males and 64% of females, supraventricular and monotopic ventricular premature beats being prevalent. The method was found to have advantages in detecting arrhythmias. Echocardiography performed in males made it possible to identify ventricular septum hypertrophy (40%) and mitral valve prolapse (20%). The examinees with the prolonged Q-T interval syndrome mostly had arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

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Established was the rate of interventricular septum asymmetrical hypertrophy and left auricle exstasia in vibration disease patients as a result of local vibration. The left ventricle myocardium contraction in major parameters (ventricular ejection, maximum ejection, ejection time and volume, the myocardium circular contraction rate and anterior-posterior contraction, systolic ejection rate) were not affected to a significant degree. The left ventricular systolic function was tending to decrease in vibration disease cases combined with IHD and AH. Desirability of using EchoCG in combination with load testing was proposed for the differential diagnosis of metabolic coronary lesions of the myocardium in vibration disease patients.

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