RESUMEN

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causes a developmental arrest of antral follicles and disrupts oocyte maturation. Retinoic acid (RA) and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF2) are effective in follicle growth, thus their effects on histopathology and in vitro fertility of oocytes were investigated in PCOS-induced mice. Materials and Methods: Eighty female NMRI mice were randomly divided into 8 groups including 1-Normal mice, 2-PCOS mice without any treatment, 3-Normal mice treated with RA, 4-Normal mice treated with FGF2, 5-PCOS mice treated with RA, 6- PCOS mice treated with FGF2, 7- PCOS mice treated with RA and FGF2, and 8- Normal mice treated with RA and FGF2. Following PCOS induction, the mice were treated with intraperitoneal RA and FGF2 as a treatment. Then ovarian stimulation, for preparing the oocyte and embryo microscopic examinations was performed. After oocyte morphometry, through in vitro fertilization, the embryo formation was assessed. Data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: The results showed simultaneous injection of RA and FGF2 into PCOS-induced mice increases antral follicles and corpus luteum, but decreases cystic follicles. Simultaneous injection of these two substances into healthy mice increases the pre-antral follicles and corpus luteum. Simultaneous injection of RA and FGF2 increases the number of embryos in both control and intervention groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that RA and FGF2 increase the maturity of ovarian follicles, the number of two-celled embryos, and the number of grade-A embryos in mice with PCOS, which is more effective when these two substances are injected simultaneously.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Exposure of stem cells to sublethal levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can prevent oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. In the present study, the effects of H2O2 preconditioning on the therapeutic potential of human umbilical vein cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCV-MSCs) were evaluated in a murine model of premature ovarian failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mature mice were divided into 4 groups, and 10 mice were incorporated into each group. The control (Ctrl) group received phosphate buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneal (IP), and the CTX group was injected IP with cyclophosphamide (CTX). The CTX + MSC group after receiving CTX was injected with a single dose of hUCV-MSCs labeled with CM-DiI intravenously (IV), whereas the CTX + preMSCs group after CTX injection received preconditioned MSCs with H2O2 IV. Seven days later, the mice were euthanized, and their ovaries were removed for histological studies such as H&E staining and the TUNEL assay. Furthermore, the numbers of CM-DiI-labeled hUCV-MSCs in the different regions of the ovary were calculated. FSH and estradiol values in the serum were measured. RESULTS: Our studies showed that CTX caused degenerative changes and follicular loss in the ovary. The number of follicles in the CTX + MSCs and CTX + PreMSCs groups was significantly higher compared to the CTX group. In addition, in the CTX + PreMSCs group, the numbers of different types of follicles were higher than in the CTX-MSC group. Immunohistochemical studies in the CTX + MSCs and CTX + PreMSCs groups showed little evidence of TUNEL positivity compared with the CTX group. Moreover, the apoptotic index decreased in the CTX + PreMSCs group compared to the CTX + MSCs group. Moreover, CM-DiI-labeled MSCs in the ovary in the CTX + pre-MSCs group were higher than in the CTX + MSCs group. CONCLUSION: Our experiment offers preconditioning as an effective strategy in stem cell therapy to potentiate MSCs' therapeutic efficacy in ovarian function failure.

Asunto(s)

Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Enfermedades del Ovario , Insuficiencia Ovárica Primaria , Humanos , Femenino , Animales , Ratones , Insuficiencia Ovárica Primaria/inducido químicamente , Insuficiencia Ovárica Primaria/terapia , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ciclofosfamida , Cordón Umbilical

RESUMEN

Two new digger wasp species of the genus Astata Latreille, 1796 (Hymenoptera, Astatidae), A. ljubomirovi sp. nov. and A. rubriventris sp. nov. are described from Iran. Moreover, A. compta Nurse is newly recorded from the Palaearctic region and Iran, redescribed and illustrated. Diagnostic characters and key features to each species are given. With the present additions, the total number of Astata recorded from Iran increases up to 14.

Asunto(s)

Himenópteros , Avispas , Abejas , Animales , Irán

RESUMEN

An annotated list of Iranian digger wasps of the genus Tachysphex Kohl, 1883 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Crabronidae) is presented based on the material collected in the southern part of the country and on data published from the period 1933-March 2020 (87 years). In all, 46 species of eight species-groups are documented (T. persa has two subspecies: T. persa persa Gussakovskij, 1933 and T. persa nigripes Pulawski, 1967). Of the eight species-groups, the pompiliformis species-group (17 species) and the panzer species-group (11 species) are the most species-rich, whereas the brevipennis species-group is represented by only one species. The following three species are newly recorded from Iran, all from Fars Province: T. helveticus Kohl, 1885, T. melas Kohl, 1898 and T. palopterus (Dahlbom, 1845). About 19 (41.30%) of the species included here are exclusively Palaearctic, whereas 15 species (32.61%) have wider distributions in the Afrotropical, Palaearctic and Oriental zoogeographic regions. Neighboring countries have many species that overlap with the Iranian Tachysphex fauna; Iran shares 36 species (78.20%) with Turkey, 28 species (60.86%) with Turkmenistan and 18 species (39.13%) with United Arab Emirates.

Asunto(s)

Himenópteros , Avispas , Animales , Abejas , Irán

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Misdiagnosing ovarian torsion is now suggested as an important issue in clinical setting. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of sonography for ovarian torsion. Methods : In this study 323 women with acute pelvic pain with highly suspected ovarian torsion signs and symptoms attending Imam Reza Medical Center in Kermanshah between 2011 through 2012 were included and underwent a transabdominal sonography (2-5 MHz probes). Then findings of sonography were compared with laparatomy. Results : The ultrasound correctly diagnosed 72.1% of ovarian torsion and missed 27.9% of them (false negatives). However, one free subject (0.4%) was misclassified as ovarian torsion (false positive). There was a strong correlation between sonography and laparatomy with a kappa value of 84.0%. The sensitivity and specificity of sonography were 72.1% and 99.6%, respectively. Sonography had a positive predictive value of 96.9%, a negative predictive value of 95.9%, and a total accuracy of 96.0% for detection of ovarian torsion. CONCLUSION: Sonography appears to be an excellent method to evaluate patients with suspected ovarian torsion. Abnormal blood flow detected by sonography is highly predictive of ovarian torsion and is therefore useful in the diagnosis of this phenomenon.