RESUMEN
Flame-retardant materials that are mechanically robust, low cost and non-toxic from green and renewable resources are highly demanded in many fields. In this work, aerogels of alginate extracted from seaweeds were fabricated and reinforced with nanoclay. The nanoclay particles increase the molecular ordering (crystallinity) of the aerogels through physical interactions with alginate molecules. They also served as cross-linkers and flame-retardant additives to improve the mechanical strength, elasticity, thermal stability and flame-retarding properties of the aerogels. Under exposure to a butane flame (750 °C), the aerogels maintained their structural integrity and did not produce drips. An optimal loading of nanoclay which led to the best flame retardancy (non-flammable) of the aerogel was determined. The results of this work demonstrate that alginate-nanoclay composite aerogels can be promisingly used as flame-retardant thermal insulation materials.
RESUMEN
Two-dimensional (2D) carbon materials are considered as efficient catalysts for improving hydrogen storage in MgH2, but their catalytic mechanisms of different materials remain unclear. Herein we compare the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2 with doping different 2D carbon materials for revealing their catalytic effecting mechanisms. It can be seen that the effect of 2D metal carbides including Nb2C and Ti2C are superior to 2D graphene for improving hydrogen storage properties of MgH2, where the Ti2C exhibits the best catalytic effect with a remarkable decrease of activation energy (E a) from â¼124 kJ/mol for doping graphene to â¼86 kJ/mol. This is related to the changes of individual metal and graphite chemical valence states of catalysts. The high catalytic activity of the hydrogen storage reaction originates from its unique layered structure and in situ formation of MHX, i.e., the tiny metal crystals can serve as a channel to facilitate hydrogen transport in MgH2 matrix. Moreover, the Ti catalytic effect is better than Nb, which originates from the surface of the multivalent Ti atoms is an intermediate of the electron moving between H- and Mg2+, thus leading to the Ti2C catalyzed MgH2 with superior hydrogen kinetic and cyclic performance.