RESUMEN

The soybean (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) is considered the most important agricultural crop in Brazil. Phytophagous tetranychid mites as Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher and T. urticae Koch have been considered pest in soybean crops. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite of T. ludeni and T. urticae. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biological performance of N. idaeus when fed on T. urticae, T. ludeni and M. planki, coming from the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study was conducted in the laboratory with individual predators supplied with different preys. The mean duration (days) of N. idaeus egg-adult development was similar independently of supplied prey (T. ludeni - 5.29±0.03; M. planki - 5.34±0.05 and T. urticae - 5.23±0.03 days). Female viability was 90% when fed on M. planki and 100% when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. Mean fecundity of N. idaeus was lower when fed on M. planki (4.6±1.58 eggs/female) and higher when fed on T. ludeni (21.8±3.22) and T. urticae (26.2±2.41). The mean generation time (T) was lower when N. idaeus fed on M. planki than when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 4.42±0.49 on M. planki, 17.77±0.55 on T. ludeni and 20.59±0.48 on T. urticae. The innate capacity for increase (rm) was lower when N. idaeus was fed on M. planki (0.09) and higher when such predator was fed on T. ludeni (0.20) and T. urticae (0.22 females/females/day). These results demonstrated that N. idaeus is able to reach the complete development feeding on all the three tetranychid species. Mononychellus planki demonstrated to provide a sub-optimal diet if compared to T. ludeni and T. urticae.(AU)

Soja (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) é a mais importante cultura agrícola brasileira. Tetraniquídeos fitófagos são pragas na cultura, Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher e T. urticae Koch. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) é o ácaro predador de T. ludeni e T. urticae. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho biológico de N. idaeus quando alimentado com T. urticae, T. ludeni e M. planki da região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado em laboratório com predadores individualizados com diferentes presas. A duração média (dias) de N. idaeus desenvolvimento ovo-adulto foi semelhante independentemente da presa fornecida (T. ludeni 5.29 ± 0.03; M. planki 5.34 ± 0.05 e T. urticae 5.23 ± 0.03 dias). Viabilidade feminina foi de 90% quando alimentados com M. planki e 100% em T. ludeni e T. urticae. Fecundidade de N. idaeus foi menor com M. planki (4.6 ± 1.58 ovos / fêmea) e maior com T. ludeni e T. urticae, 21.8 ± 3.22 e 26.2 ± 2.41, respectivamente. O tempo médio de uma geração (T) foi menor quando N. idaeus alimentados com M. planki do que quando em T. ludeni e T. urticae. A taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro) foi de 4.42 ± 0.49 em M. planki, 17.77 ± 0.55 em T. ludeni e 20.59 ± 0.48 no T. urticae. A capacidade inata de aumento (rm) foi menor em M. planki (0.09) e maior quando alimentados com T. ludeni (0.20) e T. urticae (0.22 fêmeas / fêmea / dia). Estes resultados demonstraram que N. idaeus é capaz de utilizar e desenvolver em todas as três espécies de tetraniquídeos. Mononychellus planki demonstrou ser a presa menos adequada para este predador do que T. urticae e T. ludeni.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract The soybean (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) is considered the most important agricultural crop in Brazil. Phytophagous tetranychid mites as Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher and T. urticae Koch have been considered pest in soybean crops. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite of T. ludeni and T. urticae. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biological performance of N. idaeus when fed on T. urticae, T. ludeni and M. planki, coming from the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study was conducted in the laboratory with individual predators supplied with different preys. The mean duration (days) of N. idaeus egg-adult development was similar independently of supplied prey (T. ludeni - 5.29±0.03; M. planki - 5.34±0.05 and T. urticae - 5.23±0.03 days). Female viability was 90% when fed on M. planki and 100% when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. Mean fecundity of N. idaeus was lower when fed on M. planki (4.6±1.58 eggs/female) and higher when fed on T. ludeni (21.8±3.22) and T. urticae (26.2±2.41). The mean generation time (T) was lower when N. idaeus fed on M. planki than when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 4.42±0.49 on M. planki, 17.77±0.55 on T. ludeni and 20.59±0.48 on T. urticae. The innate capacity for increase (rm) was lower when N. idaeus was fed on M. planki (0.09) and higher when such predator was fed on T. ludeni (0.20) and T. urticae (0.22 females/females/day). These results demonstrated that N. idaeus is able to reach the complete development feeding on all the three tetranychid species. Mononychellus planki demonstrated to provide a sub-optimal diet if compared to T. ludeni and T. urticae.

Resumo Soja (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) é a mais importante cultura agrícola brasileira. Tetraniquídeos fitófagos são pragas na cultura, Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher e T. urticae Koch. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) é o ácaro predador de T. ludeni e T. urticae. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho biológico de N. idaeus quando alimentado com T. urticae, T. ludeni e M. planki da região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado em laboratório com predadores individualizados com diferentes presas. A duração média (dias) de N. idaeus desenvolvimento ovo-adulto foi semelhante independentemente da presa fornecida (T. ludeni - 5.29 ± 0.03; M. planki - 5.34 ± 0.05 e T. urticae - 5.23 ± 0.03 dias). Viabilidade feminina foi de 90% quando alimentados com M. planki e 100% em T. ludeni e T. urticae. Fecundidade de N. idaeus foi menor com M. planki (4.6 ± 1.58 ovos / fêmea) e maior com T. ludeni e T. urticae, 21.8 ± 3.22 e 26.2 ± 2.41, respectivamente. O tempo médio de uma geração (T) foi menor quando N. idaeus alimentados com M. planki do que quando em T. ludeni e T. urticae. A taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro) foi de 4.42 ± 0.49 em M. planki, 17.77 ± 0.55 em T. ludeni e 20.59 ± 0.48 no T. urticae. A capacidade inata de aumento (rm) foi menor em M. planki (0.09) e maior quando alimentados com T. ludeni (0.20) e T. urticae (0.22 fêmeas / fêmea / dia). Estes resultados demonstraram que N. idaeus é capaz de utilizar e desenvolver em todas as três espécies de tetraniquídeos. Mononychellus planki demonstrou ser a presa menos adequada para este predador do que T. urticae e T. ludeni.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The soybean (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) is considered the most important agricultural crop in Brazil. Phytophagous tetranychid mites as Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher and T. urticae Koch have been considered pest in soybean crops. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite of T. ludeni and T. urticae. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biological performance of N. idaeus when fed on T. urticae, T. ludeni and M. planki, coming from the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study was conducted in the laboratory with individual predators supplied with different preys. The mean duration (days) of N. idaeus egg-adult development was similar independently of supplied prey (T. ludeni - 5.29±0.03; M. planki - 5.34±0.05 and T. urticae - 5.23±0.03 days). Female viability was 90% when fed on M. planki and 100% when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. Mean fecundity of N. idaeus was lower when fed on M. planki (4.6±1.58 eggs/female) and higher when fed on T. ludeni (21.8±3.22) and T. urticae (26.2±2.41). The mean generation time (T) was lower when N. idaeus fed on M. planki than when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 4.42±0.49 on M. planki, 17.77±0.55 on T. ludeni and 20.59±0.48 on T. urticae. The innate capacity for increase (rm) was lower when N. idaeus was fed on M. planki (0.09) and higher when such predator was fed on T. ludeni (0.20) and T. urticae (0.22 females/females/day). These results demonstrated that N. idaeus is able to reach the complete development feeding on all the three tetranychid species. Mononychellus planki demonstrated to provide a sub-optimal diet if compared to T. ludeni and T. urticae.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

In Brazil, approximately 45 thousand cases had been reported until the end of 1993, with an estimated 50% underreport. According to the Ministry of Health, until the year 2,000 from 2 to 8 million Brazilians citizens will be infected with HIV. The basic aspect of the educational campaigns regarding AIDS does not refer only to information on forms of transmission and prevention measures, but also attempts to fight against the mystification and the enormous resistance of the public to definitely accept the fact that transmission does not occur by simple means such as having a drink from the same glass, independently of its socioeconomic and cultural level. In addition to the lack of information, prejudice and discrimination appear strongly rooted in the population to the point of a tendency of social and effective rejection of the HIV-infected patient. Fighting against prejudice, against which there is also no vaccine, is a task as gigantic as fighting against the virus. For both, investments in education of and information to the population in general, is very important. Development of a software which would fulfill the function of explaining, and providing the correct information about AIDS, would be extremely valuable for any part of the society and could also be used as a complementary element by health professionals. The objective was to develop an interactive software in order to demonstrate prevention measures and universal precaution in AIDS; to inform about the necessary care to people that are living together an HIV-infected patient. To develop this software with animation and elucidating text regarding AIDS for the general population, we are using the Storyboard live to be run in Windows environment.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Se analizan 14 casos de pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de M.B. en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Regional Temuco, durante el período Mayo-Septiembre de 1985, para evaluar la utilidad de la prueba de Aglutinación del Látex en relación al cultivo y Gram en Líquido Celaforraquídeo (LCR). Las edades de los niños fluctuaron entre 3 meses y 8 años; el 53% fueron mujeres y 91% eutróficos. En 2 casos que se descartó el diagnóstico de M.B. por examen citoquímico, Gram y cultivo de LCR, el Látex también fue negativo. 10 niños tuvieron reacción del Látex(-), 8 cultivos (-) y en 6 la tinción de Gram fue (-). La sensibilidad de la reacción del Látex fue del 90,0%, en tanto que la del cultivo y Gram 66,6% y 54,5% respectivamente. La especificidad del método en estudio fue 100%, no registrándose falsos positivos ni negativos. El látex fue el único método de pesquisa etiológica en 3 niños (25%)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)