RESUMEN
SUMMARY: Due to epidemiological and social changes related to the increase in the average life expectancy, hospital users are characterized by elderly chronic and comorbid patients who require recurrent hospitalizations often with disability outcomes. In this framework, an innovative clinical and management hospitalization model is the adequate answer to systematically promote the patient independence. Main features are interdisciplinary and integrated care pathways facing both disease and disability biologically and functionally diagnosed by ICD and ICF. The definition, personalization of pathways/protocols and outcome evaluation represent the foundations of this new model for patient care. The digitalization of hospital clinical data and medical knowledge make the model feasible and fitting the recent WHO guideline: recommendations on digital interventions for health system strengthening.
Asunto(s)
Vías Clínicas/organización & administración , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Rehabilitación/organización & administración , Anciano , Personas con Discapacidad , Humanos , Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades , Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud , Modelos OrganizacionalesRESUMEN
A cross sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in individuals over age 65 years presenting to a medical centre in Lombardia (Italy). The aim was to assess the feasibility of performing a survey to evaluate the prevalence of hearing loss in the entire region. Audiometric testing was performed in each enrolled subject, to reveal losses in hearing levels at 250 to 8000 Hz; hearing levels were measured in decibels. Prevalences of mild, moderate, severe, and profound hearing impairment were found to be 39%, 17.4%, 2.9% and 0.6% respectively when using the WHO classification, and 59.9%, 25.6%, 2.9%, and 0.6% respectively when using the classification of the Bureau International d'Audiophonologie (BIAP).This study has shown that a relevant part of the study population is affected by hearing impairment and has served as a pilot study for a larger-scale study to be performed in the Lombardia region.