RESUMEN
Smoking and professional influence of harmful substances prevail epidemiologically in the etiology of chronic obstructive lung diseases. Often, both factors act additively. Chronic obstructive lung disease of irritative and allergic pathogenesis are steadily increasing in the statistics of GDR. Dust of mineral, animal and vegetable origin are prevailing, however, chemical inhalative damages are gaining increasing significance. The problem of demarcating occupational from nonoccupational influence factors is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/efectos adversos , Polvo , Enfermedades Pulmonares Obstructivas/etiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Fumar , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Femenino , Alemania Oriental , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Obstructivas/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Factores SexualesAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Dermatitis por Contacto/diagnóstico , Testimonio de Experto , Alemania Oriental , Humanos , Legislación Médica , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/prevención & control , Neumoconiosis/diagnóstico , Intoxicación/diagnósticoRESUMEN
In 432 electric welders and 420 not respiratory exposed workers the information value of spirometry (VC, FEV1) and flow volume curves (PEF, V2/V1, V50, V75) was examined taking into consideration the influence of age, smoking and occupational exposure. Despite the higher frequency of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary siderosis in exposed workers no influence of welding fumes on the above mentioned parameters could be shown. Comparing different smoking groups all parameters (with the exception of VC) exhibited the same trend, the FEV1 at the top regarding significance and weight. These results don't support a wider use of flow volume curves in the screening of not selected groups of different exposure. Whether the compared methods can lead to different qualitative or prognostic informations should be examined further in studies comparing functional and morphological data and in epidemiological follow-up studies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Trastornos Respiratorios/diagnóstico , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Flujo Espiratorio Máximo , Metalurgia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Respiratorios/etiología , Fumar , EspirometríaAsunto(s)
Personal Administrativo , Medicina del Trabajo , Psicología Industrial , Adulto , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/psicología , Femenino , Alemania Oriental , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/psicología , Proyectos Piloto , Riesgo , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
Professionally conditioned allergoses of the respiratory tract (BK 41) can occur in all industrial regions. The allergoses conditioned by organic dusts of vegetable or animal origin (regions food production, plant production and animal keeping) predominate. Since 1976 the BK 41 has been on the 10th rank of alases, 1977), above all conditioned by an improved establishment. Among the diagnoses bronchial asthma is in the first place. The high proportion of allergoses by cereal constituents is to be led back to the, as a rule, unproblematic allergologic clarification diagnostics. One may conclude that difficulties of the recognition in other allergens condition a considerable dark number, particularly in chemical working materials. The allergoses by cereal constituents are followed by the constituents of the animal epidermis (above all hair of laboratory animals). The remainder -- without any importance of the succession -- belongs to moulds, mites, plant pollen, parasubstituted aromates, chrome and rare allergens. Apart from the slight number of alveolitis diseases the allergoses conditioned by organic dusts belong to the type of early reaction (characteristic representatives: baker's asthma). Problematical are the allergoses of the type of the late reaction. Chemical substances of the hapten type are above all in question (characteristic representative: chrome asthma). Here is most cases expressed irritation effects are present so that this pathogenetic factor is frequently determining without proving any immune-specific effects. The report is based on forgiven criteria of decision.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Profesionales , Hipersensibilidad Respiratoria/inmunología , Asma/inmunología , Polvo , Grano Comestible , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/inmunología , Irritantes/efectos adversos , PlantasRESUMEN
Using simple technique we performed 1460 inhalation tests with occupational inhalation allergens. Before inhalation provocation testing all patients had been skin tested. In the case of organic allergens the inhalative test was positive in 20%, in the case of anorganic in 10%. The parameters should be measured in those cases causing immediate reaction until 30 minutes after inhalation and in those cases causing delayed reaction until 8 hours after the provocation test. A control test with the solvent is not necessary. The results of the inhalation test depend on the quality of allergen extracts.