RESUMEN

The retroperitoneum and the pelvis are difficult areas to examine by conventional radiographic means. Pelvic ultrasound can distinguish cystic from solid masses, but is poor in defining tissue planes. Computed tomography (CT) easily detects calcifications, is rarely affected by overlying bowel gas, and usually demonstrates the mass with good definition of tissue planes. Although less accurate than ultrasound in distinguishing cystic from solid masses, CT is superior for demonstrating contiguous anatomical structures such as the rectum, bony pelvis, vertebral bodies, abdominal aorta, and inferior vena cava. Overlying bowel gas often precludes obtaining a diagnostic ultrasound examination of the retroperitoneum. In addition, ultrasound is unable to reproducibly demonstrate soft tissue relationships in the retroperitoneum as does CT. Both CT and ultrasound are capable of providing diagnostic information. Ultrasound can more easily distinguish cystic from solid masses, but CT may be better for determining the extent of disease. CT should become the procedure of choice for evaluation of the retroperitoneum.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Remote viewing of ultrasound scans facilitates assessment of a student's technique while minimizing anxiety for both him and the patient. This method may also be effective for the busy physician who must monitor several procedures at the same time.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound were performed on fifty-two patients with renal masses. Both modalities were able to correctly demonstrate the renal mass with an equal degree of accuracy. Since renal ultrasound is a well established, economical and noninvasive technique, it should be the diagnostic procedure of choice to determine whether or not a mass demonstrated by intravenous urography is cystic or solid. However, if faster scanning times as well as lower patient cost could be accomplished, more widespread use of CT as a diagnostic modality for differentiation of renal masses could result.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) are both relatively new techniques for evaluating gallbladder and biliary disease. Ultrasound is more sensitive than CT for detecting the presence of gallstones because of partial volume averaging errors which occur with CT. Both modalities are sensitive methods of differentiating jaundice due to intrahepatic disease from extrahepatic obstruction. However, CT should not be considered a screening test at the present time and should be reserved for selected cases where ultrasound is unable to produce diagnostically acceptable information.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Angiomyolipoma (AML) IS A BENIGN RENAL NEOPLASM. Preoperative diagnosis is important because of the different surgical approaches to benign and malignant tumors. Angiographic findings of AML and renal carcinoma may be similar and differentiation difficult. B-mode ultraslund examination of AML demonstrates a different image pattern which may be helpfou in differentiation.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound were equally effective in measuring the external diameter of atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysms in 20 patients. Ultrasound was superior for determining the true lumen caliber and detecting mural thrombi. CT was superior for demonstrating aortic wall calcifications, but no more so than a plain film abdominal radiograph. Ultrasound should be the method of choice in the diagnosis, serial evaluation and management of a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A case of afferent loop obstruction secondary to recurrent carcinoma of the stomach is reported. The patient presented in the early recurrence period with the clinical picture similar to that of pancreatic pseudocyst. This was the first reported case of afferent loop obstruction demonstrated by abdominal ultrasound and C.T. scan. The radiological distinguishing features and similarities of pancreatic pseudocyst and afferent loop obstruction are discussed. This case also shows a rarely reported manifestation of recurrent carcinoma of the stomach.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Vascularity of the breast was assessed from Xeromammograms by calculating the venous diameter ratio (ratio of the diameter of the largest vein in either breast to the diameter of a comparable vein in the opposite breast) for 60 patients (32 carcinomas and 28 benign conditions). Vein diameter was easier to measure on Xeromammograms than on conventional mammograms. If the venous diameter ratio was 1.4:1, or greater, the possibility of malignancy was increased.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

In a prospective evaluation, 1,000 consecutive breast thermograms were categorized as either normal or having 1 of 4 abnormal patterns: diffuse, asymmetrical, focal, or peri-areolar. Of 49 proved carcinomas, 43 produced an abnormal patterns; the asymmetric type was 3 times as common as the focal. Tumors producing focal patterns were slightly smaller than those producing asymmetrical patterns. Almost 30% of the non-malignant lesions produced an abnormal thermogram. This procedure can not generally be used to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions; there may be, therefore, little diagnostic value in categorizing abnormal thermograms. The usefulness of thermography in the detection of occult carcinomas has not been established.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Both acute overdose reaction and near-drowning may present as pulmonary edema. With both, the heart is usually not enlarged and clearing occurs within 48 hours, unless complicated by infection or aspiration. In near-drowning there is metabolic acidosis, whereas in acute overdose reaction there is combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Dynamic brain scintigraphy was performed on seven patients with documented hydrocephalus of various aetiologies. The patients had a characteristic abnormality consisting of lateral displacement of the proximal middle cerebral activity associated with a paracentral lucent zone. No focal areas of increased activity were identified on the static brain images. A proposed mechanism for these findings is discussed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Thermography is a simple, noninvasive outpatient procedure which can be performed on patients with clinical symptoms of a herniated disk. A positive thermogram usually indicates that an abnormality will be found by myelography. However, the myelographic findings cannot be predicted by a negative lumbar thermogram.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Linitis plastica denotes a diffuse, intramurally infiltrating, anaplastic carcinoma in a hollow structure resulting in a shrunken organ with thickened walls. Microscopically, linitis plastica is characterized by tumor cells in the presence of inflammatory changes with much fibrosis. Linitis plastica is found most frequently in the stomach where it may produce the classical "leather-bottle stomach". Metastases to the colon are frequent via contiguity along mesenteric fascial planes. Therefore, when linitis plastica carcinoma of the stomach or colon is found, the other organ must also be carefully examined. Although rare, primary linitis plastica carcinoma can occur in the colon where it is often characterized by a long stenotic lesion without irritability, sometimes appearing more like an inflammatory lesion than a carcinoma. While the radiological features are not diagnostic, they are, in many cases, suggestive of this entity. The entire spectrum of linitis plastica is reviewed in relationship to the gastrointestinal tract, synthesizing the pertinent literature, with correlation of clinical, pathophysiological, and specific radiological findings.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Intracystic pantopaque can alter the natural history of renal cysts. More than two-thirds of all renal cysts treated with percutaneous intracystic instillation of pantopaque decreased to at least half the original volume when followed for up to 4 years. A similar control group without intracystic pantopaque instillation did not show this dramatic change.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The fact that approximately 95 per cent of asymptomatic renal masses are benign is a compelling reason for the streamlined diagnostic approach which is described herein. Within the confines of these guidelines for the study of renal masses, when proceeding from simple to complex methods of evaluation, one should always consider the age of the patient, the status of the cardiovascular system, the radiologic appearance of the mass on drip infusion nephrotomography and the results of renal echography as qualifying determinants and then propose the logical sequence of individualized studies under the best possible circumstances.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A standardized technique for percutaneous therapeutic management of renal cysts is described. After partial aspiration of the cyst fluid, the fluid is replaced with Pantopaque, Renografin 60 and air. Fifty-six renal cysts so treated were followed at intervals of up to four years and 68% showed a 50% or more decrease in cyst volume. Only 13% of a control group of 15 renal cysts which were percutaneously punctured but did not have Pantopaque instilled showed a 50% or more decrease in cyst volume. The results suggest that instillation of Pantopaque into a renal cyst can alter the natural history of the cyst by causing it to decrease in size.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Dynamic images and arteriograms were reviewed in patients with proved primary and secondary malignant intracranial neoplasms. In 44% of the patients with glioblastomas and 23% of those with metastatic lesions, radioactivity appeared early in the dynamic imaging sequence. This was related to the presence of arteriovenous shunting on arteriography rather than to a tumor stain. Neither characteristic dynamic imaging patterns nor rapid arteriovenous shunting was seen in patients with astrocytomas.

Asunto(s)