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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed at evaluating the dental prosthetic status and its need among the geriatric population of Central India reporting to the dental colleges. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate prosthetic status and needs among geriatric individuals in Wardha city, Maharashtra reporting to dental colleges. A detailed inspection of the oral cavity of the study subjects was done using Basic Oral Health Surveys, World Health Organization (WHO) 1997. RESULTS: A total of 110 individuals were evaluated for the study. A total of 26.36% study participants had some prosthesis at the time of examination, whereas 79.99% needed prosthesis. A total of 51.82% needed complete dentures. About 12.71% of the participants needed combination prosthesis. CONCLUSIONS: The result of this study concluded that the prosthetic status of the geriatric individuals in Wardha city (MH) of Central India is poor and needs prosthetic rehabilitation. A well-structured approach is required to fulfill these needs.
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INTRODUCTION: Insufficient apical seal is the significant reason for surgical endodontic disappointment. The root-end filling material utilized should avoid egress of potential contaminants into periapical tissue. AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of four root-end filling materials MTA, Portland cement, IRM, RMGIC in teeth with root apices resected at 0 and 45 angle using dye penetration method under fluorescent microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hundred extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were sectioned horizontally at the cement-enamel junction. After cleaning, shaping and obturation with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer, the tooth samples were randomly divided in two groups (the root apices resected at 0° and 45° to the long axis of the root). The root resections were carried out by removing 2 mm and 1 mm in both the groups. Following which 3 mm deep root-end cavities were prepared at the apices and the root were coated with nail varnish except the tip. The teeth in both the group were randomly divided into four subgroups each (Pro root MTA, Portland cement, IRM and Light cure nano GIC Ketac N-100). All the retrofilled samples were stored in acrydine orange for 24 hours after which they were cleaned and vertically sectioned buccolingually. The sectioned root samples were observed under fluorescent microscope. RESULTS: The root apex sealing ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was superior to Portland cement, Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM) and LC GIC. IRM demonstrated the maximum apical leakage value among all the materials. Portland cement and LC GIC showed comparable sealing ability. CONCLUSION: The angulation whether 0° or 45° angle did not affect the sealing ability of all the four materials used, MTA proved to be one of the superior materials for root-end filling.
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BACKGROUND: Dental casting alloys play a prominent role in the restoration of the partial dentition. Casting alloys have to survive long term in the mouth and also have the combination of structure, molecules, wear resistance and biologic compatibility. According to ADA system casting alloys were divided into three groups (wt%); high noble, Noble and predominantly base metal alloys. AIM: To evaluate the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and surface roughness of the new and recast base metal (nickel-chromium) alloys. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Recasting of the base metal alloys derived from sprue and button, to make it reusable has been done. A total of 200 test specimens were fabricated using specially fabricated jig of metal and divided into two groups- 100 specimens of new alloy and 100 specimens of recast alloys, which were tested for tensile strength on universal testing machine and surface roughness on surface roughness tester. RESULTS: Tensile strength of new alloy showed no statistically significant difference (p-value>0.05) from recast alloy whereas new alloy had statistically significant surface roughness (Maximum and Average surface roughness) difference (p-value<0.01) as compared to recast alloy. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the study it is concluded that the tensile strength will not be affected by recasting of nickel-chromium alloy whereas surface roughness increases markedly.
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AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical and histopathological effect on palatal hyperplasia caused by suction cups by different methods of management used for recovery of abused tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 subjects agreed for biopsy procedure, from 50 patients who gave consent for the study. Out of the 35 subjects, 20 were randomly selected for treatment with discontinuation of denture (Group I) and 15 selected for denture relined with tissue conditioner (COE-comfort) (Group II). Punch biopsy procedure was performed on these patients to study the histopathology of the lesion before the two modalities of treatment was administered on them. RESULTS: Inflammation caused by suction cup decreased considerably by both the treatment modalities, i.e., the use of tissue conditioner as well as discontinuation of denture (tissue rest) for a period of 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that wearing denture day and night considerably increased the severity of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia of palate. Healing was better with tissue conditioner when compared with tissue rest.
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AIM: Biomonitoring provides a useful tool to estimate the genetic risk from exposure to genotoxic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of Micronuclei (MN) and other Nuclear abnormalities (NA) from exfoliated oral mucosal cells in Nuclear Power Station (NPS) workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Micronucleus frequencies in oral exfoliated cells were done from individuals not known to be exposed to either environmental or occupational carcinogens (Group I). Similarly samples were obtained from full-time Nuclear Power Station (NPS) workers with absence of Leukemia and any malignancy (Group II) and workers diagnosed as leukemic patients and undergoing treatment (Group III). RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between Group I, Group II & Group III. MN and NA frequencies in Leukemic Patients were significantly higher than those in exposed workers &control groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MN and other NA reflect genetic changes, events associated with malignancies. Therefore, there is a need to educate those who work in NPS about the potential hazard of occupational exposure and the importance of using protective measures.
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Tooth resorption is a common sequel which follows injuries or irritation to the periodontal ligament and/or tooth pulp. The course of tooth resorption involves an elaborate interaction among inflammatory cells, resorbing cells, and hard tissue structures. The key cells which are involved in resorption are multi-nucleated giant cells. Internal root resorptions are usually non-symptomatic and they are discovered occasionally through periapical radiographs, which reveal very defined and regular outlines. Many techniques and materials have been used to fill internal resorptive defects. Among them, Mineral Trioxide Aggregates (MTAs) have satisfactory properties, which include: biocompatibility, a favourable sealing ability, mechanical strength and a capacity to promote a periradicular tissue healing. Thus, a Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) repair of a maxillary left central incisor tooth with an inflammatory resorptive defect, in the middle third of the root canal, has been reported here.
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Construction of complete dentures with adequate retention is a complex procedure. Various techniques have been tried to improve the retention of dentures. Use of suction cup in maxillary denture is one of the techniques to improve retention. Suction cup provides retention and stability by inducing negative pressure on the mucosal surface. Palatal Suction cups which provide high retention are not being recommended because of their pathological effects on the palatal tissues. Here a case report of complete denture with suction cup induced palatal perforation which was surgically treated is presented.
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INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the efficacy of NiTi mechanical rotary instrumentation and Hedstrom file for gutta-percha/sealer removal computed tomography (CT) was utilized in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty extracted human single rooted teeth, each with a single canal were selected. The samples were decoronated with a double faced diamond disk to have 17-mm root; teeth roots were instrumented with K-files up to master apical file #30 using step back technique. Samples were obturated using cold lateral condensation of gutta-percha and AH Plus root canal sealer. The teeth were then randomly divided into three groups of 10 specimens each. After 2 weeks 3-dimensional images of the roots were obtained by CT and the volume of root filling mass was measured. All the canals were then retreated by either the ProTaper retreatment files, Mtwo retreatment files or Hedstrom files. The canals were irrigated with 2 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigating solution during each change of instrument. The volume of remaining filling materials after the retreatment procedures was assessed by CT. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS: Neither of studied systems completely removed the root filling material. No significant difference was observed between the rotary systems. The volume of remaining filling materials was significantly less in rotary instrumentation than hand files. There was no significant difference for debris extruded from the apical foramen between the groups. CONCLUSION: Under the experimental conditions, Mtwo and ProTaper retreatment files left less gutta-percha and sealer than H files; however, complete removal of filling materials was not achieved by the three systems investigated.
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Patients with the anterior defects either due to trauma, congenital or pathological can be treated with conventional removable or fixed partial denture. The lost soft tissue structures are not replaced by the conventional treatment option. Andrews bridge is combination of both removable and fixed partial denture and fulfills all the requirements like phonetics, hygiene, aesthetics and comfort. This article describes the bar and sleeve attachment as the best treatment option in these types of defects and restores the patients satisfaction.
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India has more than 290 dental institutions, producing over 25,000 BDS graduates every year. There are three main characteristics that are shared by any profession: Delivering the best possible education to its students, giving priority to public service over self-interest and enforcing regulations and codes of ethics through self-government. Dentistry in India is currently being challenged to maintain the professionalism. This is partly a result of pressures applied to the educational system. This article discusses some challenges in brief and attempts to attend the challenges in positive manner.