RESUMEN
RESUMEN Objetivo: Realizar una revisión actualizada de la literatura para el abordaje, diagnóstico y manejo de la hipotermia en el servicio de urgencias. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de literatura en inglés y en español en las bases de datos de PubMed y Elsevier desde agosto 2021 hasta enero de 2022, mediante la utilización de palabras claves y términos del DeCS como "hipotermia", "urgencias médicas" y "recalentamiento". Resultados: Según la información encontrada, el diagnóstico de la hipotermia accidental se debe realizar de manera rápida, para posteriormente realizar una clasificación adecuada que permitan, un enfoque apropiado del paciente tanto en el entorno prehospitalario como hospitalario; así mismo, este debe ser individualizado y guiado por metas de reanimación. Conclusiones: La hipotermia se define como una temperatura corporal < 36 °C. Muchos factores predisponentes se han descrito, tales como el uso de anestésicos, fármacos de premedicación, baja temperatura del entorno, e intervenciones quirúrgicas abdominales son factores que pueden contribuir a su desarrollo. La hipotermia accidental se ha descrito como predictor de peores resultados clínicos, además de mayor mortalidad, mayores requerimientos de transfusión de productos sanguíneos y un tiempo de estancia hospitalaria prolongado. Para el manejo de esta condición se pueden utilizar sistemas de calefacción y ventilación para asegurar una temperatura estable y humedad adecuada que proporcionen comodidad térmica al paciente; este abordaje cuenta con una gran efectividad.
ABSTRACT Objective: Develop an updated review of the literature for the approach, diagnosis, and management of hypothermia in the emergency department. Methodology: A review of the literature in English and Spanish was carried out in the PubMed and Elsevier databases from August 2021 to January 2022, using keywords and DeCS terms such as hypothermia and medical emergencies and rewarming. Results: According to the information found, the diagnosis of accidental hypothermia should be made quickly to make an adequate classification that allows an appropriate approach to the patient in the prehospital and hospital environment, likewise this should be individualized and guided by goals of revival. Conclusions: Hypothermia is defined as a body temperature < 36 °C. Many predisposing factors have been described, such as the use of anesthetics, premedication drugs, low ambient temperature, and abdominal surgery are factors that can contribute to its development. Accidental hypothermia has been described as a predictor of worse clinical outcomes, in addition to higher mortality, higher blood product transfusion requirements, and prolonged hospital stay. To manage this condition, heating and ventilation systems can be used to ensure a stable temperature and adequate humidity that provide thermal comfort to the patient; This approach is highly effective.
RESUMEN
La mastocitosis cutánea crónica es una genodermatosis de etiología desconocida y que se encuentra dentro del grupo de enfermedades raras o poco frecuentes. Se caracterizan por el crecimiento y acumulación de causa desconocida de mastocitos en piel y otros órganos y se manifiesta como una urticaria pigmentosa. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, con lesiones eritematopapulosas en región de las manos que fue extendiéndose a todo el cuerpo y cuero cabelludo que al desaparecer quedaban manchas hipercrómicas con signo de Darier positivo. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de urticaria pigmentosa mediante biopsia de la piel. Es una enfermedad rara con una baja incidencia, la forma cutánea tiene un pronóstico favorable, por lo que resulta de vital importancia conocer y diagnosticar de forma precoz esta entidad con un manejo multidisciplinario para prevenir las manifestaciones sistémicas que aparecen. Llevar un tratamiento sintomático permitirá una mejor calidad de vida en los infantes. Se presenta el caso porque al considerarse la mastocitosis una enfermedad rara la prevalencia e incidencia de estos casos es muy baja.
Chronic cutaneous mastocytosis is a genodermatosis of unknown etiology and that is within the group of rare or infrequent diseases. They are characterized by the growth and accumulation of mast cells in the skin and other organs of unknown cause and manifest as urticaria pigmentosa. The case of a male patient is presented, with erythematopapular lesions in the region of the hands that spread to the entire body and scalp that, when they disappeared, left hyperchromic spots with Darier's sign: positive. The diagnosis of urticaria pigmentosa was confirmed by skin biopsy. It is a rare disease with a low incidence, the cutaneous form has a favorable prognosis, so it is of vital importance to know and diagnose this entity early with a multidisciplinary management to prevent the systemic manifestations that appear. Taking a symptomatic treatment will allow a better quality of life in infants. The case is presented because mastocytosis is considered a rare disease, the prevalence and incidence of these cases is very low.
RESUMEN
Introducción: Las fórmulas para la estimación de la tasa de filtración glomerular son fundamentales para estimar el curso de enfermedades renales; incluso ha sido de gran ayuda para obtener datos de prevalencia. Las ecuaciones comparadas con otros métodos son una forma económica y rápida para dar una estimación de la función renal. Objetivo: Describir la utilización de diferentes fórmulas para calcular la tasa de filtración glomerular relacionada con la hipertensión arterial y otras patologías renales y cardiovasculares. Metodología: Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos de investigación en bases de datos como PubMed, Science-Direct, Embase y otras, se estableció un tiempo de publicación entre los años 2018-2022 y se seleccionaron 42 artículos científicos relacionados con el tema. Resultados: La hipertensión arterial es una situación que incrementa el riesgo tanto de enfermedad cardiovascular como de deterioro de la función renal, por lo que en los pacientes hipertensos se espera una relación estrecha en la expresión de ambas patologías. Existen factores que alteran los valores de la creatinina sérica como la dieta, el ejercicio, la edad, el género, la masa muscular, enfermedades musculares y medicamentos. El impacto de la hipertensión en la función renal está descrito además de la relación entre el deterioro de la función renal y el incremento del riesgo cardiovascular; es por esto que en los últimos años la estimación de la función renal se ha incorporado como un marcador de morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular. Conclusiones: La estimación de la tasa de filtración glomerular es importante en varios contextos clínicos, en especial en aquellos pacientes con enfermedades que afectan la función glomerular, la creatinina es el biomarcador más usado a pesar de sus evidentes limitaciones.
Introduction: Formulas for estimating glomerular fil-tration rate are fundamental for estimating the course of renal diseases; they have even been of great help in obtaining prevalence data. Equations compared with other methods are an economical and fast way to give an estimation of renal function. Objective: Describe the use of different formulas to calculate the glomerular filtration rate related to high blood pressure and other kidney or cardiovascular pa-thologies. Methodology: Research articles were searched in da-tabases such as PubMed, Science-Direct, Embase and others, a publication time was established between the years 2018-2022 and 42 scientific articles related to the topic were selected. Results: Arterial hypertension is a situation that in-creases the risk of both cardiovascular disease and re-nal function deterioration, so in hypertensive patients a close relationship in the expression of both pathologies is expected. There are factors that alter serum creati-nine values such as diet, exercise, age, gender, muscle mass, muscle diseases and medications. The impact of hypertension on renal function has been described in addition to the relationship between the deterioration of renal function and the increase in cardiovascular risk; this is why in recent years the estimation of renal func-tion has been incorporated as a marker of cardiovascu-lar morbidity and mortality. Conclusions: The estimation of glomerular filtration rate is important in several clinical contexts, especia-lly in those patients with diseases that affect glomerular function; creatinine is the most widely used biomarker despite its obvious limitations
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Creatinina/sangre , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Hipertensión , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Enfermedades RenalesRESUMEN
Introducción: Los exosomas son vesículas extracelulares de tamaño nanométrico, que se generan cuando los endosomas multivesiculares se fusionan con la membrana plasmática y el contenido de las vesículas intraluminales se libera en el espacio extracelular. Son producidos por casi todos los tipos de células, en condiciones fisiológicas y patológicas. Transportan proteínas, lípidos y ácido ribonucleico (ARN) no codificante, desde la célula madre hasta la célula receptora, estos son considerados un punto clave en la regeneración de tejidos, lo que se ha demostrado en una serie de estudios, con diferentes tejidos corporales, como piel, cartílago, pancreático y tejidos cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Explicar los aspectos generales y posibles usos de los exosomas en el campo médico. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de información mediante consulta en las bases de datos SciELO PubMed, Science Direct y Lilacs, en los idiomas español e inglés, con diferentes combinaciones de palabras claves y términos MESH como: exosomes, neovascularization, wound healing, immunity, micro RNA, immunology, therapy, classification. Se efectuó un análisis y resumen de la información revisada. Conclusiones: En la actualidad, los exosomas se han convertido en objeto de investigación para diversos tratamientos, medicamentos y uso como marcadores moleculares. Se destacan en terapias contra el cáncer, la inmunomodulación, la estimulación o supresión de la angiogénesis, regeneración cutánea, cicatrización y curación de heridas; por lo que de forma general resultan prometedores en el ámbito de las ciencias médicas(AU)
Introduction: Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles, which are generated when multivesicular endosomes fuse with the plasma membrane and the content of intraluminal vesicles released into the extracellular space. Are produced by almost all types of cells, under physiological and pathological conditions and they transport proteins, lipids and non-coding RNA (ribonucleic acid), from the stem cell to the recipient cell, these are considered a key point in tissue regeneration, which has been shown in a series of studies, with different body tissues, such as skin, cartilage, pancreatic and cardiovascular tissues. Objective: To explain the general aspects and possible uses of exosomes in the medical field. Methods: A search for information was carried out by consulting the Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Lilacs databases, in Spanish and English, with different combinations of keywords and MESH terms such as: exosomes, neovascularization, wound healing, immunity, microRNA, immunology, therapy, classification. Then, an analysis and summary of the reviewed information was carried out. Conclusions: Currently, exosomes have become the object of research for various treatments, drugs, and their use as molecular markers. They stand out in cancer therapies, immunomodulation, stimulation or suppression of angiogenesis, skin regeneration, and wound healing, which is why they are generally promising in the field of medical sciences(AU)
Asunto(s)
Endosomas , ARN no Traducido , Alergia e Inmunología , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
Objetivo: determinar las características de los usuarios y servicios basados en el triaje. Método: estudio observacional descriptivo que incluyó pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencias y se les realizó triaje en dos instituciones de alto nivel de complejidad en Medellín en el año de 2018. Resultado: se incluyeron 4159 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue de 38 años, el 54,61 % eran de sexo masculino. El 85,54 % habitaban en el área metropolitana y el 67,78 % eran del régimen contributivo. En cuanto al mes con mayor afluencia de pacientes fue mayo con un 10,55 % seguido del mes de enero con 10,29 %; y el día de la semana fue el martes con 16,15 %, siendo el horario más frecuente entre las 9:00 y 12:00 del día con 18,32 %. Conclusión: una adecuada caracterización del paciente en urgencias por medio del triaje es útil para una atención oportuna y lograr la optimización de los servicios.
Objective: to determine the characteristics of users and services based on triage. Methods: descriptive observational study that included patients who attended the emergency department and underwent triage in two institutions of high level of complexity in Medellin in 2018. Results: 4159 patients were included. The median age was 38 years, 54.61 % were male. The 85.54 % lived in the metropolitan area and 67.78 % were in the contributory regime. The month with the highest number of patients was May with 10.55 %, followed by January with 10.29 %; and the day of the week was Tuesday with 16.15 %, the most frequent time being between 9:00 and 12:00 a.m. with 18.32 %. Conclusion: an adequate characterization of the patient in the emergency department by means of triage is useful for timely care and to achieve the optimization of services.
Objetivo: determinar as características dos usuários e dos serviços baseados na triagem. Método: estudo observacional descritivo que incluiu pacientes que compareceram ao departamento de emergência e foram submetidos à triagem em duas instituições de nível de alta complexidade em Medellín em 2018. Resultados: foram incluídos 4159 pacientes. A mediana de idade foi de 38 anos, 54,61% eram do sexo masculino. Os 85,54% residiam na região metropolitana e 67,78% estavam no regime contributivo. O mês com maior número de doentes foi maio com 10,55 %, seguido de janeiro com 10,29 %, e o dia da semana foi a terça-feira com 16,15 %, sendo a hora do dia mais frequente entre as 9:00 e as 12:00 com 18,32 %. Conclusão: a caraterização adequada dos doentes no SU através da triagem é útil para o atendimento atempado e otimização dos serviços.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Atención AmbulatoriaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted infections, especially among young people. AIMS: To describe the prevalence of genital HPV infections, to identify clinical-epidemiological factors associated with them and to determine the frequency of viral strains. METHODS: Endocervical samples were studied of 505 women between 15 and 49 years old, who attended the laboratory of the Institute of Social Security, residents of Posadas, Misiones, for the study of vaginal exudate, between January 2012 and June 2013. A 450-base pair fragment within the HPV L1 region was amplified. Genotype detection was performed through the study of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: The prevalence of total HPV carriage was 30.7%, and of these 71.6% corresponded to high risk (mainly HPV 16 [35.1%], 58 [10.8%] and 31 [8.1%]). HPV detection was higher in women aged 15 to 24 years (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.01-2.18) and with more sexual partners (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1, 02-3.22). There was no association with pregnancy, stability of the couple, contraceptive methods, age at onset of sexual intercourse, or smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The identification and typing of HPV in this study provides information regarding the high prevalence of HPV and the substantial proportion of cases with oncogenic genotypes among sexually active women in this region of Argentina.
Asunto(s)
Seguro de Salud , Adolescente , Adulto , Argentina , ADN Viral , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Embarazo , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Resumen Introducción: El virus papiloma humano (VPH) causa infecciones transmitidas sexualmente. Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia de infecciones genitales por VPH, identificar factores clínico-epidemiológicos asociados a dicha prevalencia y determinar la frecuencia de los tipos virales. Material y Métodos: Se estudiaron muestras endo-cervicales de 505 mujeres entre 15 y 49 años, que concurrieron para estudio de exudado vaginal al laboratorio del Instituto de Previsión Social, residentes de Posadas, Misiones, entre enero de 2012 y junio de 2013. Se amplificó una sección de 450 pares de bases del genoma viral perteneciente al fragmento L1 del VPH. La detección del genotipo se realizó mediante el estudio del polimorfismo de la longitud de los fragmentos de restricción (RFLP). Resultados: La prevalencia de la portación de VPH total fue 30,7%, y de éstos 71,6% correspondió a los de alto riesgo (principalmente VPH 16 [35,1%], 58 [10,8%] y 31 [8,1%]). La detección del VPH fue mayor en mujeres de 15 a 24 años (OR: 1,48; IC 95% :1,01-2,18) y con más parejas sexuales (OR:1,81; IC 95%: 1,02-3,22). No hubo asociación con el embarazo, la estabilidad de la pareja, métodos anticonceptivos, edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales ni tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Los resultados de identificación y tipificación de VPH en este estudio aportan información sobre una prevalencia elevada de VPH en mujeres sexualmente activas, así como porcentajes elevados de genotipos oncogénicos en esta región.
Abstract Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted infections, especially among young people. Aims: To describe the prevalence of genital HPV infections, to identify clinical-epidemiological factors associated with them and to determine the frequency of viral strains. Methods: Endocervical samples were studied of 505 women between 15 and 49 years old, who attended the laboratory of the Institute of Social Security, residents of Posadas, Misiones, for the study of vaginal exudate, between January 2012 and June 2013. A 450-base pair fragment within the HPV L1 region was amplified. Genotype detection was performed through the study of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results: The prevalence of total HPV carriage was 30.7%, and of these 71.6% corresponded to high risk (mainly HPV 16 [35.1%], 58 [10.8%] and 31 [8.1%]). HPV detection was higher in women aged 15 to 24 years (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.01-2.18) and with more sexual partners (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1, 02-3.22). There was no association with pregnancy, stability of the couple, contraceptive methods, age at onset of sexual intercourse, or smoking. Conclusions: The identification and typing of HPV in this study provides information regarding the high prevalence of HPV and the substantial proportion of cases with oncogenic genotypes among sexually active women in this region of Argentina.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Seguro de Salud , Papillomaviridae , Argentina , ADN Viral , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Infecciones por PapillomavirusRESUMEN
AIM: To analyze the research activity on liver abscess (LA) and identify the main topic clusters in the area. METHODS: We identified all documents using the medical subject heading "LA" indexed in the MEDLINE database between 2001 and 2015. We performed a descriptive bibliometric analysis, characterizing the evolution of scientific activity, the publication types of the documents, the document categories of clinical interest (case reports, clinical trials, evaluation studies, meta-analysis, observational studies, practice guidelines and validation studies) and the geographic distribution of the research. We also carried out an analysis of networks and research clusters in order to identify the main topic areas of research. RESULTS: Our search yielded a total of 1278 documents, showing a stable scientific production over the study period and a marked multidisciplinary nature. The research was dominated by case reports (65.9% of the documents analyzed). In terms of geographic distribution, researchers from the United States led in the number of signatures (n = 229), followed by those from Taiwan (n = 185), India (n = 145), Japan (n = 144), South Korea (n = 100), and China (n = 84). With regard to amebic LA, the top-producing countries were India and Mexico (n = 69 each), followed by the United States (n = 29). In the case of pyogenic LA, Taiwanese researchers led scientific production (n = 71), followed by the United States (n = 39) and China (n = 29). The most active areas of research in the field are diagnosis via computerized tomography scan, differential diagnosis with regard to liver cancer, treatment with antimicrobial agents, and Klebsiella infections (including bacteremia). CONCLUSION: Clinical case reports associated with diagnosis and treatment are the main topic of study, highlighting the importance of this document type in advancing knowledge.
Asunto(s)
Bibliometría , Investigación Biomédica , Absceso Hepático/diagnóstico , Absceso Hepático/etiología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , China , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Entamoeba histolytica , Humanos , Incidencia , India , Japón , Infecciones por Klebsiella/complicaciones , Absceso Hepático/tratamiento farmacológico , Absceso Hepático/epidemiología , Absceso Hepático Amebiano/parasitología , Absceso Piógeno Hepático/microbiología , México , República de Corea , Investigadores , Taiwán , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Chagas disease is a zoonosis caused by protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is most frequently associated with a vectorial transmission. However, in recent years we have observed a significant increase in the oral transmission of the disease, associated mainly with the consumption of drinks made from fruit or other vegetables contaminated with triatomine faeces or secretions from infected mammals. After a latency period of 3 to 22 days after ingestion, the oral infection is characterized by more severe manifestations than those associated with vectorial transmission: prolonged fever, acute myocarditis with heart failure and, in some cases, meningoencephalitis. Mortality can reach up to 33% of those infected. The aim of this paper is to review this matter and to promote prevention practices.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas/transmisión , Parasitología de Alimentos , Jugos de Frutas y Vegetales/parasitología , Trypanosoma cruzi , Animales , Enfermedad de Chagas/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Chagas/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Chagas/prevención & control , Brotes de Enfermedades , Reservorios de Enfermedades/parasitología , Vectores de Enfermedades , Humanos , América del Sur/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de dos tipos de baño en cama: seco y tradicional, frente a la respuesta adaptativa en modo fisiológico de Roy en paciente crítico cardiovascular (PCCV). Metodología: Estudio de diseño cuasi-experimental, de intervención con preprueba y posprueba, realizado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) de la Clínica Medellín. El grupo experimental fue de 36 pacientes, a quienes se les realizó baño en cama seco; el grupo control fue de 36 pacientes, a quienes se les realizó baño en cama tradicional. Se utilizaron los estadísticos Wilcoxon, u de Mann Whitney y el Modelo de dos factores, con medidas repetidas en un factor. Resultados: Se encontró un efecto benéfico durante la realización del baño en cama en seco, puesto que los indicadores de tensión arterial y frecuencia respiratoria no presentaron respuestas inefectivas (p = 0,03 y p = 0,013, respectivamente). Por otra parte, las variables duración del baño y cuidados adicionales fueron satisfactorias en comparación con el baño en cama tradicional. Conclusiones: Los resultados permiten recomendar el uso del baño en cama en seco en paciente crítico cardiovascular (PCCV), en virtud de los efectos benéficos que facilitan los procesos de adaptación, contribuyendo así a cualificar el cuidado de enfermería en este tipo de pacientes.
Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de dois tipos de banho de leito: secos e tradicionais, em relação à resposta adaptativa em modo fisiológico em paciente crítico cardiovascular. Metodologia: Estudo do desenho quase experimental, da intervenção pré-teste e pós-teste, na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (üti) da Clínica de Medellín. O grupo experimental esteve composto por 36 pacientes, que foram submetidos a banho no leito em seco; e o grupo de controle esteve composto por 36 pacientes, que foram submetidos a banho no leito tradicional. As provas estatísticas Wilcoxon, u de Mann-Whitney e Modelo de dois fatores foram utilizadas, com medidas repetidas em um fator. Resultados: Um efeito benéfico foi encontrado durante a realização do banho no leito seco, uma vez que os indicadores de pressão arterial e frequência respiratória não apresentaram respostas ineficazes (p = 0,03 e p = 0,013, respectivamente). De outro lado, as variáveis duração do banho e cuidados extra foram bem sucedidos em comparação com banho no leito tradicional. Conclusão: Os resultados permitem recomendar o uso de banho no leito seco em paciente crítico cardiovascular, sob os efeitos benéficos que facilitam os processos de adaptação, contribuindo assim para qualificar a assistência de enfermagem neste tipo de pacientes.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of two types of bed bath: dry and traditional, with regard to adaptive response in physiologic mode on critical patient with cardiovascular disease. Methodology: Quasi-experimental design study, of pre and post-test intervention, made in Intensive Care Unit (icu) of Clinica de Medellín. The experimental group was consisting of 36 patients, who had a dry bed bath; and the control group was consisting of 36 patients, who had a traditional bed bath. Statistics Wilcoxon, Mann -Whitney u test, and Two-factor model was used, with repeated measures on one factor. Results: A beneficial effect during the performance of dry bed bath was found, since blood pressure and respiratory rate indicators did not present ineffective responses (p = 0,03 and p = 0,013, respectively). Moreover, duration of bath and additional care variables were satisfactory in comparison with traditional bed bath. Conclusions: The results allow recommending the use of dry bed bath on critical patient with cardiovascular disease, by virtue of beneficial effects that facilitate adaptation processes, thereby contributing to qualify nursing care in this type of patients.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardiovasculares , Baños , Teoría de Enfermería , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Cuidados Críticos , Hemodinámica , Lechos , Atención de EnfermeríaRESUMEN
Publications are often used as a measure of research work success. Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 1 and 2 are human retroviruses, which were discovered in the early 1980s, and it is estimated that 15-20 million people are infected worldwide. This article describes a bibliometric review and a coauthorship network analysis of literature on HTLV indexed in PubMed in a 24-year period. A total of 7,564 documents were retrieved, showing a decrease in the number of documents from 1996 to 2007. HTLV manuscripts were published in 1,074 journals. Japan and USA were the countries with the highest contribution in this field (61%) followed by France (8%). Production ranking changed when the number of publications was normalized by population (Dominican Republic and Japan), by gross domestic product (Guinea-Bissau and Gambia), and by gross national income per capita (Brazil and Japan). The present study has shed light on some of the defining features of scientific collaboration performed by HTLV research community, such as the existence of core researchers responsible for articulating the development of research in the area, facilitating wider collaborative relationships and the integration of new authors in the research groups.
Asunto(s)
Bibliometría , Investigación Biomédica/estadística & datos numéricos , Virus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano , Virus Linfotrópico T Tipo 2 Humano , Conducta Cooperativa , Geografía , Salud Global , Infecciones por HTLV-I/virología , Humanos , Publicaciones Periódicas como Asunto/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Publications are often used as a measure of research work success. Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 1 and 2 are human retroviruses, which were discovered in the early 1980s, and it is estimated that 15-20 million people are infected worldwide. This article describes a bibliometric review and a coauthorship network analysis of literature on HTLV indexed in PubMed in a 24-year period. A total of 7,564 documents were retrieved, showing a decrease in the number of documents from 1996 to 2007. HTLV manuscripts were published in 1,074 journals. Japan and USA were the countries with the highest contribution in this field (61%) followed by France (8%). Production ranking changed when the number of publications was normalized by population (Dominican Republic and Japan), by gross domestic product (Guinea-Bissau and Gambia), and by gross national income per capita (Brazil and Japan). The present study has shed light on some of the defining features of scientific collaboration performed by HTLV research community, such as the existence of core researchers responsible for articulating the development of research in the area, facilitating wider collaborative relationships and the integration of new authors in the research groups.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Bibliometría , Investigación Biomédica/estadística & datos numéricos , Virus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano , Conducta Cooperativa , Geografía , Salud Global , Infecciones por HTLV-I/virología , Publicaciones Periódicas como Asunto/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the production and the research collaborative network on Leishmaniasis in South America. METHODS: A bibliometric research was carried out using SCOPUS database. The analysis unit was original research articles published from 2000 to 2011, that dealt with leishmaniasis and that included at least one South American author. The following items were obtained for each article: journal name, language, year of publication, number of authors, institutions, countries, and others variables. RESULTS: 3,174 articles were published, 2,272 of them were original articles. 1,160 different institutional signatures, 58 different countries and 398 scientific journals were identified. Brazil was the country with more articles (60.7%) and Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) had 18% of Brazilian production, which is the South American nucleus of the major scientific network in Leishmaniasis. CONCLUSIONS: South American scientific production on Leishmaniasis published in journals indexed in SCOPUS is focused on Brazilian research activity. It is necessary to strengthen the collaboration networks. The first step is to identify the institutions with higher production, in order to perform collaborative research according to the priorities of each country.
Asunto(s)
Bibliometría , Conducta Cooperativa , Bases de Datos Bibliográficas , Leishmaniasis , Publicaciones Periódicas como Asunto , Humanos , América del SurRESUMEN
Objectives: Evaluate the production and the research collaborative network on Leishmaniasis in South America. Methods: A bibliometric research was carried out using SCOPUS database. The analysis unit was original research articles published from 2000 to 2011, that dealt with leishmaniasis and that included at least one South American author. The following items were obtained for each article: journal name, language, year of publication, number of authors, institutions, countries, and others variables. Results: 3,174 articles were published, 2,272 of them were original articles. 1,160 different institutional signatures, 58 different countries and 398 scientific journals were identified. Brazil was the country with more articles (60.7%) and Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) had 18% of Brazilian production, which is the South American nucleus of the major scientific network in Leishmaniasis. Conclusions: South American scientific production on Leishmaniasis published in journals indexed in SCOPUS is focused on Brazilian research activity. It is necessary to strengthen the collaboration networks. The first step is to identify the institutions with higher production, in order to perform collaborative research according to the priorities of each country.
Objetivos: Evaluar la producción y la red de colaboración de investigación sobre leishmaniasis en Sudamérica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico usando la base de datos SCOPUS. La unidad de análisis fueron los artículos originales de investigación publicados desde el año 2000 hasta 2011, realizados sobre leishmaniasis y que incluyeron al menos un autor sudamericano. Se obtuvieron para cada artículo: nombre de la revista, idioma, año de publicación, número de autores, instituciones, países y otras variables. Resultados: 3174 artículos fueron publicados, 2.272 de ellos eran artículos originales. Se identificaron 1.160 firmas institucionales diferentes, 58 países y 398 revistas científicas. Brasil fue el país con más artículos (60,7%) y la Fundación Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) tuvo 18% de la producción brasileña, convirtiéndose en el núcleo Sudamericano de la mayor red científica de Leishmaniasis. Conclusiones: La producción científica de Sudamérica sobre Leishmaniasis publicada en revistas indexadas en SCOPUS se centra en la actividad de la investigación brasileña. Es necesario fortalecer las redes de colaboración, el primer paso para ello es la identificación de las instituciones con mayor producción con el fin de llevar a cabo la investigación en colaboración de acuerdo con las prioridades de cada país.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Bibliometría , Conducta Cooperativa , Bases de Datos Bibliográficas , Leishmaniasis , Publicaciones Periódicas como Asunto , América del SurRESUMEN
Introduction Collaboration is one of the defining features of contemporary scientific research, and it is particularly important with regard to neglected diseases that primarily affect developing countries. Methods The present study has identified publications on leishmaniasis in the Medline database from 1945 to 2010, analyzing them according to bibliometric indicators and statistics from social network analysis. Examining aspects such as scientific production, diachronic evolution, and collaboration and configuration of the research groups in the field, we have considered the different types of Leishmania studied and the institutional affiliation and nationality of the authors. Results Seven-hundred and thirty-five authors participate in 154 prominent research clusters or groups. Although the most predominant and consolidated collaborations are characterized by members from the same country studying the same type of Leishmania, there are also notable links between authors from different countries or who study different clinical strains of the disease. Brazil took the lead in this research, with numerous Brazilian researchers heading different clusters in the center of the collaboration network. Investigators from the USA, India, and European countries, such as France, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Italy, also stand out within the network. Conclusions Research should be fostered in countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan, and Ethiopia, where there is a high prevalence of different forms of the disease but limited research development with reference authors integrated into the collaboration networks. .
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Autoria , Bibliometría , Investigación Biomédica/estadística & datos numéricos , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Cooperación Internacional , Leishmaniasis , Publicaciones Periódicas como AsuntoRESUMEN
Objetivo: Identificar las complicaciones que se presentan y las normas en el manejo del acceso venoso yugular externo, en pacientes en estado crítico o que ameriten cuidados intermedios de salud, hospitalizados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos y cuidados especiales de una clínica de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Medellín, 2010. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo realizado en 104 pacientes; la información se recolectó a través de la observación directa de los mismos y el diligenciamiento de un formulario para la recolección de datos. Se analizó la información a través de medidas de frecuencia absoluta y relativa. Resultados: La incidencia de complicaciones fue del 26%, de las cuales, el retiro no programado tuvo la mayor frecuencia (51.9%). El éxito de canalización de la vena yugular externa fue de (91.3%). El 81.7% de los pacientes estuvo con el acceso venoso yugular externo canulado hasta por cinco días sin presentar complicaciones por su estancia. Conclusión: El acceso yugular externo se debe considerar en pacientes que son difíciles de canalizar y se puede utilizar para la administración de medicamentos y soluciones potencialmente vesicantes o hiperosmolares. La baja incidencia en las complicaciones, permiten que este procedimiento lo pueda realizar el profesional de enfermería debidamente entrenado; el éxito de la canalización depende del entrenamiento previo del personal asistencial, sin embargo este procedimiento tuvo como fundamento la experiencia clínica y la formación de pregrado sin previo curso especifico para dicha técnica.
Objective: To identify the complications that arise and management standards external jugular venous access in patients in critical care or intermediate health warrant hospitalized in intensive care units and special care from a clinic in third level Medellin, 2010. Methods: Prospective descriptive study conducted in 104 patients, information was collected through direct observation of them and filling out a form for data collection. Data was analyzed through measures of absolute and relative frequency. Results: The incidence of complications was 26%, with unscheduled withdrawal being the most common (51.9%). The success of external jugular vein catheterization was 91.3%. 81.7% of patients with venous access were external jugular cannulated up to 5 days without complications for your stay. Conclusion: external jugular access should be considered in patients who are difficult to target and can be used for administration of drugs and potentially vesicants or hyperosmolar solutions. The low incidence of complications, this procedure allows it to perform properly trained nurse and the success of the pipeline depends on the prior training of caregivers, but this procedure was the foundation of clinical experience and undergraduate education without specific course prior to this technique.
Objetivo: identificar as complicações que se apresentam e a normativa na gestão do acesso venoso jugular externo, em doentes em estado crítico ou precisando de cuidados intermédios de saúde, hospitalizados nas unidades de cuidados intensivos e cuidados especiais de uma clínica de terceiro nível na cidade de Medellín, 2010. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, prospectivo realizado em 104 doentes; as informações foram coletadas através da observação direta desses doentes e o preenchimento de formulário para coleta de dados. As informações foram analisadas mediante medidas de frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: a incidência de complicações foi 26%, das quais a retirada não programada teve a maior frequência (51.9%). O sucesso da cateterização da veia jugular externa foi de (91.3%). 81.7% dos doentes estiveram com o acesso venoso jugular externo canulado até por cinco dias não apresentando complicações na sua estadia. Conclusão: o acesso jugular externo deve ser considerado em doentes difíceis de canalizar podendo ser usado para administrar medicamentos e soluções potencialmente vesicantes ou hiperosmolares. A baixa incidência de complicações permite que esse procedimento seja desenvolvido pelo profissional de enfermagem corretamente treinado; o sucesso da cateterização depende do treinamento prévio do pessoal de cuidados de saúde, porém esse procedimento foi fundamentado na experiência clínica e na formação da graduação sem curso prévio específico para tal técnica.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Cateterismo Periférico/enfermería , Venas Yugulares , Infusiones Intravenosas , Infecciones Relacionadas con CatéteresRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Collaboration is one of the defining features of contemporary scientific research, and it is particularly important with regard to neglected diseases that primarily affect developing countries. METHODS: The present study has identified publications on leishmaniasis in the Medline database from 1945 to 2010, analyzing them according to bibliometric indicators and statistics from social network analysis. Examining aspects such as scientific production, diachronic evolution, and collaboration and configuration of the research groups in the field, we have considered the different types of Leishmania studied and the institutional affiliation and nationality of the authors. RESULTS: Seven-hundred and thirty-five authors participate in 154 prominent research clusters or groups. Although the most predominant and consolidated collaborations are characterized by members from the same country studying the same type of Leishmania, there are also notable links between authors from different countries or who study different clinical strains of the disease. Brazil took the lead in this research, with numerous Brazilian researchers heading different clusters in the center of the collaboration network. Investigators from the USA, India, and European countries, such as France, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Italy, also stand out within the network. CONCLUSIONS: Research should be fostered in countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan, and Ethiopia, where there is a high prevalence of different forms of the disease but limited research development with reference authors integrated into the collaboration networks.
Asunto(s)
Autoria , Bibliometría , Investigación Biomédica/estadística & datos numéricos , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Cooperación Internacional , Leishmaniasis , Humanos , Publicaciones Periódicas como AsuntoRESUMEN
El baño en cama es una intervención que se realiza en el paciente crítico cardiovascular, cuando se lleva a cabo de forma habitual o rutinaria puede generar complicaciones en el paciente y lo puede colocar en riesgo de muerte, es por esta razón que el objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar los efectos de dos tipos de baño en cama: en seco y tradicional y su respuesta frente a la adaptación en el modo fisiológico relacionado con el monitoreo hemodinámico, según Callista Roy. El diseño del estudio fue cuasi-experimental, de intervención con preprueba y posprueba, realizado en 72 pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la Clínica Medellín. Se trabajó con un grupo experimental de 36 pacientes (a quienes se les realizó baño en cama en seco) y un grupo control de 36 pacientes (a quienes se les realizó baño en cama tradicional), se encontró un efecto benéfico en términos de respuesta adaptativa hemodinámica durante la realización del baño en cama en seco, puesto que los indicadores tensión arterial (TA) y frecuencia respiratoria (FR) no presentaron respuestas inefectivas (p=0.03 y p =0.013 respectivamente). El primer indicador fue medido a través de la presión arterial sistólica (PAS), presión arterial diastólica (PAD) y presión arterial media (PAM), además las variables duración del baño y cuidados adicionales fueron satisfactorias en comparación al baño en cama tradicional.
The bed bath is a procedure that is performed in the critically ill cardiovascular, when carried out on a regular or routine can lead to complications in the patient and can be placed at risk of death, it is for this reason that the objective of the research was to evaluate the effects of the two types of bed bath: traditional dry and its response to the physiological adaptation associated with hemodynamic monitoring, according to Callista Roy. The study design was quasi-experimental, pretest and posttest intervention, conducted in 72 patients in the Intensive Care Unit of the Clinica Medellin, we worked with an experimental group of 36 patients (who underwent a bed bath dry) and a control group of 36 patients (who underwent traditional bed bath), a beneficial effect was found in terms of adaptive response during the course of the dry bed bath, since blood indicators (TA) and respiratory rate (FR) had no ineffective responses (p = 0.03 and p = 0.013 respectively), the first indicator was measured by systolic blood pressure (PAS), diastolic blood pressure (PAD) and mean arterial pressure (PAM), and duration of the bath variables and additional care were satisfactory compared to traditional bed bath.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Baños/enfermería , Adaptación Fisiológica , Enfermedad Crítica , Enfermería de Cuidados Críticos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados no Aleatorios como Asunto/enfermería , Monitorización HemodinámicaRESUMEN
Chagas disease is a chronic, tropical, parasitic disease, endemic throughout Latin America. The large-scale migration of populations has increased the geographic distribution of the disease and cases have been observed in many other countries around the world. To strengthen the critical mass of knowledge generated in different countries, it is essential to promote cooperative and translational research initiatives. We analyzed authorship of scientific documents on Chagas disease indexed in the Medline database from 1940 to 2009. Bibliometrics was used to analyze the evolution of collaboration patterns. A Social Network Analysis was carried out to identify the main research groups in the area by applying clustering methods. We then analyzed 13,989 papers produced by 21,350 authors. Collaboration among authors dramatically increased over the study period, reaching an average of 6.2 authors per paper in the last five-year period. Applying a threshold of collaboration of five or more papers signed in co-authorship, we identified 148 consolidated research groups made up of 1,750 authors. The Chagas disease network identified constitutes a "small world," characterized by a high degree of clustering and a notably high number of Brazilian researchers.
Asunto(s)
Autoria , Bibliometría , Enfermedad de Chagas , MEDLINE/estadística & datos numéricos , Investigación/estadística & datos numéricos , Conducta Cooperativa , HumanosRESUMEN
Chagas disease is a chronic, tropical, parasitic disease, endemic throughout Latin America. The large-scale migration of populations has increased the geographic distribution of the disease and cases have been observed in many other countries around the world. To strengthen the critical mass of knowledge generated in different countries, it is essential to promote cooperative and translational research initiatives. We analyzed authorship of scientific documents on Chagas disease indexed in the Medline database from 1940 to 2009. Bibliometrics was used to analyze the evolution of collaboration patterns. A Social Network Analysis was carried out to identify the main research groups in the area by applying clustering methods. We then analyzed 13,989 papers produced by 21,350 authors. Collaboration among authors dramatically increased over the study period, reaching an average of 6.2 authors per paper in the last five-year period. Applying a threshold of collaboration of five or more papers signed in co-authorship, we identified 148 consolidated research groups made up of 1,750 authors. The Chagas disease network identified constitutes a "small world," characterized by a high degree of clustering and a notably high number of Brazilian researchers.
La enfermedad de Chagas es una enfermedad parasitaria tropical, endémica en muchos países y regiones de América, si bien, los movimientos de población han incrementado su distribución geográfica y se han constatado casos en muchos países del mundo. En este sentido, resulta fundamental promover iniciativas de investigación cooperativas y transnacionales, con el propósito de aunar la masa crítica de conocimiento generada en los diferentes países. Se estudian las publicaciones científicas sobre la enfermedad de Chagas recogidas en la base de datos Medline entre 1940 y 2009. Mediante indicadores bibliométricos se han analizado los patrones de colaboración y se ha efectuado un Análisis de Redes Sociales para identificar los principales grupos de investigación. Se han analizado 13.989 documentos publicados por 21.350 autores. La evolución de la colaboración ha experimentado un notable crecimiento, alcanzando un promedio de 6,2 autores por trabajo en el último quinquenio. Aplicando un umbral de colaboración de 5 o más trabajos firmados en coautoría, se han identificado 148 grupos de investigación conformados por 1.750 autores. La red de Chagas identificada conforma un 'mundo pequeño' con un elevado grado de agrupamiento, destacando el elevado número de investigadores brasileños.