RESUMEN
Rare ocular pathology has an important impact on the quality of life of patients because often the damage is bilateral and, although asymmetric, causes a significant decrease in visual acuity. Because it may be asymptomatic until a relatively late stage, diagnosis is frequently delayed. A general understanding of the disease pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment may assist primary care physicians in referring high-risk patients for comprehensive ophthalmological examination and for a more active involvement in their care. Moreover, a significant percentage of these orphan diseases do not have treatment approved by the FDA. The examination and monitoring of patients with rare ophthalmological disorders represents a key component of an ongoing project at the University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania - Ophthalmology Clinic. Rare disease registries are leading tools for the development of clinical research for rare diseases, improvement of patient access to new diagnostic methods, follow-up and new emerging therapies. As of this moment, the European list of rare diseases includes 53 ophthalmological diseases, which are classified as rare diseases and another 103 systemic diseases with ophthalmological involvement, out of a total of 7000 rare diseases.
Asunto(s)
Oftalmopatías/terapia , Oftalmología/instrumentación , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Oftalmológico/instrumentación , Diseño de Equipo , Europa (Continente) , Oftalmopatías/diagnóstico , HumanosRESUMEN
The main motivation of an ocular-orbital reconstruction after a radical surgical intervention (evisceration, enucleation) is represented by the psychological and socio-economic impact of such interventions on life conditions of patients. The current methods for ocular prosthesis are based on a new concept, which is nanotechnology, and its main objectives represent the reconstruction of the remaining orbital volume, reduction of postoperative complications and maintaining a satisfactory esthetical aspect. This review will discuss the numerous types of ocular implants that have been used throughout history as well as the most recent methods used by ophthalmic surgeons, also taking into consideration the advantages and disadvantages from a cosmetic, functional and short and long term postoperative complications point of view.
Asunto(s)
Enucleación del Ojo , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Oftalmológicos , Implantes Orbitales , Durapatita , Humanos , Implantación de PrótesisRESUMEN
Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy is characterized by corneal stromal edema with epithelial and subepithelial bullae due to cell loss and endothelial decompensation through trauma during cataract surgery. Patients present decreased vision, tearing, and pain caused by ruptured epithelial bullae. Cataract affects approximately 20 million people worldwide, and this complication can occur in 1 to 2% of the cataract surgeries. This study reviewed the bullous keratopathy etiopathogenesis and the clinical and surgical treatment available for this corneal disease.