RESUMEN
A careful decision making process is needed when considering whether to forgo the shareholder approval needed to permit compensation to be tax deductible or to deviate from an established plan. [It] should include adequate investigations of costs and benefits and should be thoroughly documented.
Asunto(s)
Personal Administrativo/economía , Planes para Motivación del Personal/legislación & jurisprudencia , Industrias/economía , Salarios y Beneficios/legislación & jurisprudencia , Toma de Decisiones en la Organización , Competencia Económica , Impuesto a la Renta/legislación & jurisprudencia , Inversiones en Salud , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
This study was designed to assess the neuroendocrine response of male Long-Evans rats to sustained or intermittent 60-Hz electric fields when exposed for 1 or 3 h at 100 kV/m. No significant differences were noted in corticosterone, prolactin, or thyrotropin levels between exposed and sham-exposed rats. A statistically significant increase (P less than .01) in growth hormone was noted in rats exposed to intermittent electric fields for 3 h. Emphasis was placed on good experimental design and the need to avoid standard laboratory stressors (excessive handling, temperature extremes, transportation, noise, etc.) known to be present in many biomedical studies. The importance of avoiding reactions due to extraneous factors in experiments predicated on investigating physiological function in relation to electric field exposure is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Corticosterona/sangre , Campos Electromagnéticos , Fenómenos Electromagnéticos , Hormonas Hipofisarias/sangre , Animales , Hormona del Crecimiento/sangre , Masculino , Prolactina/sangre , Ratas , Tirotropina/sangreRESUMEN
A rare case of avascular necrosis of the glenoid is presented. This process should be considered in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain and radiologic lesions of the glenoid. In this patient anti-inflammatory medications and exercise resulted in resolution of the symptoms. A good prognosis is expected in this non weight bearing joint.
Asunto(s)
Osteonecrosis/etiología , Escápula/irrigación sanguínea , Lesiones del Hombro , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Osteonecrosis/diagnóstico , Osteonecrosis/terapiaRESUMEN
A RIA for canine TSH (cTSH) has been developed using a double antibody method. Rabbit anti-cTSH antisera was slightly cross-reactive with ovine TSH. No evidence of cross-reactivity was noted with human, bovine, rat RSH, or ovine LH. Serum cTSH in euthyroid dogs (9-10 yr of age; 7-14 kg) was 7.0 +/- 0.9 ng/ml (mean +/- SE; range, 2.7-7.9). Normal and x-irradiated (localized to the thyroid or cranium) dogs received 334 mg propylthiouracil (PTU) im in oil daily for 1 week as a goitrogenic challenge. A significant increase (P less than 0.05) in cTSH was noted in normal dogs and in two of four dogs that received 1000 Rads to the thyroid. No significant increase was observed in cTDH in any of the dogs previously given either 100 or 1000 Rads to the head. Although serum T3 and T4 were only slightly decreased (0.10 greater than P less than 0.15 and 0.15 greater than P less than 0.20, respectively) in thyroid-irradiated dogs, a significant decrease (P less than 0.01) in T3 was observed in both normal and x-irradiated dogs maintained on PTU for 1 week. The inability of head x-irradiated cTSH, suggests that moderate to high doses of x-irradiation can impair the ability of the hypothalamic-hypophysial-thyroid axis to respond to a goitrogenic challenge.
Asunto(s)
Propiltiouracilo/farmacología , Radiación Ionizante , Tirotropina/sangre , Rayos X , Animales , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Bovinos , Perros , Humanos , Conejos , Radioinmunoensayo , Ratas , Factores de Tiempo , Triyodotironina/sangreRESUMEN
After 4 years of a long-term contraceptive steroid safety study, the incidence and the histologic types of mammary dysplasia produced are shown to be similar in beagles treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (medroxyprogesterone) or progesterone. Serum insulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine, growth hormone, prolactin, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol were determined by radioimmunoassay on samples collected after 45 months of treatment. Serum growth hormone and insulin concentrations were elevated in a dose-related manner in both treatment groups. Levels of triiodothyronine, cortisol, and 17 beta-estradiol (medroxyprogesterone only) were lowered. TSH and prolactin concentrations were not changed. Pituitary-gonadal hormone interaction in the pathogenesis of mammary neoplasia of the dog is discussed. Prolonged treatment of beagles with doses of progesterone or medroxyprogesterone 1 to 25 times the human contraceptive dose or luteal phase (dog) levels, respectively, results in a dose-related incidence of mammary nodules.
PIP: The results of a 4-year longterm study of contraceptive safety in mammals are discussed. The animals were treated with either MPA (medroxyprogesterone acetate) or progesterone. Serum insulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, growth hormone, prolactin, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol were measured by radioimmunoassay on samples collected after 45 months of treatment. No increased incidence of mammary tumors were noted in rats, mice, or monkeys. An increased incidence of mammary dysplasia was, however, noted in dogs. MPA and progesterone produced similar incidence rates, types, and numbers of nodules per animal. The incidence of mammary nodules was dose-related. Microscopic examination of the nodules indicated a similar histology and distribution of change in bitches treated with both substances. Serum prolactin, growth hormone, and insulin responses were similar in both groups. Clinical studies with women being treated with either MPA or progesterone have shown no evidence of treatment-related mammary dysplasia. These studies revealed several significant differences in hormonal response to exogenous progestational compounds between dogs and humans.