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BACKGROUND: The psychological aspect is one of the important aspects of the affected disaster survivors. The change in the disaster management paradigm is one reason for the need to change interventions that previously only focused on handling posttraumatic distress syndrome into interventions to increase post-traumatic growth to prevent post-disaster psychological disorders. This review aims to synthesise recent research to develop further explanations regarding potential strategies to improve the post-traumatic growth of disaster survivors. METHOD: This is an integrative review of previous studies. Articles were identified via SCOPUS, EMBASE, JSTOR, PROQUEST, MEDLINE and grey literature (Google Scholar). All subject-relevant literature from 2000 to 2022 was identified. This review included quantitative and qualitative studies and literature reviews, with criteria: all types of interventions used to improve the post-traumatic growth of disaster survivors and potential influencing factors that may affect the implementation as well as other relevant outcomes. RESULT: From 400 initial search studies, 27 studies (24 quantitative. one qualitative, and two mixed methods) were eligible to be included in the review. Some factors promoting post-traumatic growth included religious coping, culture, social support, the severity of the trauma, coping strategies, education level and work satisfaction. CONCLUSION: By systematically exploring the factors that foster post-traumatic growth of disaster survival, this integrative review will give fundamental information to develop an intervention that prevents or minimises the psychological impacts of a disaster towards survivors.

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AIM: To explore push, pull and retention factors affecting indonesian nurses decision to stay in the nursing profession. INTRODUCTION: Identifying influencing factors that determine Indonesian nurses' decisions to remain working in Indonesia gives a better understanding of nurses' migration and therefore are necessry to explore. BACKGROUND: Studies examining nurse migration's push and pull factors have been carried out extensively. A study exploring factors that make nurses stay in their home countries, such as Indonesia needs to be conducted to provide different insights for related parties. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with 52 managers and 181 nurses from hospitals and community health centres across four different regions in Indonesia, including DKI Jakarta, Lampung, South Kalimantan and West Nusa Tenggara. A purposive sampling method was used. The data were collected online (via Zoom) and offline through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. A content analysis was performed. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) was followed. RESULTS: Five categories were developed: non-financial support, sense of togetherness, following the husband, social image and powerlessness. DISCUSSION: Socio-cultural factors influence Indonesian nurses to stay working in their country despite their economic and career development difficulties. CONCLUSION: Socio-cultural circumstances have become powerful factors affecting Indonesian nurses to stay working in Indonesia. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND POLICY: There is a need for harmonisation of policies related to nursing migration between recipient and source countries. Moreover, policies should go beyond education, competency and credentialing regulations and include addressing social costs and needs, such as the possibility of migrating nurses' families to the recipient countries.

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BACKGROUND: A realist approach has gained popularity in evaluation research, particularly in understanding causal explanations of how a program works (or not), the circumstances, and the observed outcomes. In qualitative inquiry, the approach has contributed to better theoretically based explanations regarding causal interactions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to discuss how we conducted a realist-informed data analysis to explore the causal interactions within qualitative data. METHODS: We demonstrated a four-step realist approach of retroductive theorizing in qualitative data analysis using a concrete example from our empirical research rooted in the critical realism philosophical stance. These steps include (a) category identification, (b) elaboration of context-mechanism-outcome configuration, (c) demi-regularities identification, and (d) generative mechanism refinement. RESULTS: The four-step qualitative realist data analysis underpins the causal interactions of important factors and reveals the underlying mechanisms. The steps produce comprehensive causal explanations that can be used by related parties-especially when making complex decisions that may affect wide communities. DISCUSSION: The core process of realist data analysis is retroductive theorizing. The four-step qualitative realist data analysis facilitates this theorizing by allowing the researcher to identify (a) patterns, (b) fluctuation of patterns, (c) mechanisms from collected data, and (d) to confirm proposed mechanisms.

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BACKGROUND: Indonesian nurses receive training for disasters when they take an undergraduate nursing program at the university, but there have been variations in the curriculum. Moreover, there is still limited informal training available specifically for disaster nursing. Therefore, needs assessments are necessary to identify the gap between Indonesian disaster nurses' existing and expected competencies. This study was conducted to identify competencies needed by disaster nurses. METHOD: A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. Data were collected from August to September 2019 from three areas in Indonesia: Yogyakarta, Lombok, and Jakarta. These areas frequently experience natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and floods. Thirty-two nurses were interviewed. Data were analyzed with a descriptive qualitative approach. RESULTS: The study highlighted three main competencies needed by Indonesian nurses, which are physical, psychological, and managerial. CONCLUSION: Training for disaster nurses needs to balance the achievement of competencies related to physical, psychological, and managerial needs. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2023;54(8):378-384.].

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AIM: To develop a sustainable disaster risk reduction training model for nurses and identify its key features. BACKGROUND: Available disaster nursing education and training programmes have focused on improving the competency of nurses in all four disaster phases, including mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. However, a limited programme is available that integrates nurses' competencies for all four disaster phases within one training system. Moreover, no training system exists to ensure the sustainability of the programme to reduce disaster risks. METHODS: Three methods were used to develop the model: (1) literature review, (2) focus group discussion, and (3) expert panel. Seven participants were involved in the focus group discussion, while five joined the expert panel discussion. Different criteria of participants were invited for focus groups and expert panel discussions. The data were collected from August to September, 2022. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The model is a 3-level training consisting of (1) master of trainer training (MOT), (2) training of trainer (TOT), and (3) training of providers (TOP). Professional governance is a key chain that integrates and connects these 3-level training. The model has six pillars, including (1) leadership, (2) resources, (3) intervention, (4) cultural and spiritual approach, (5) motivation, and (6) policy alignment. CONCLUSIONS: Sustainable disaster risk reduction training model provides a potential conceptual framework that may assist the continuity of educational intervention related to disaster nursing training.

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BACKGROUND: Cardiac arrest is one of the fatal medical emergencies which need to be treated immediately. Poor survival rates in the community settings are common because of limited and ineffective bystander basic life support (BLS). This study aimed to identify factors that are associated with the willingness to perform BLS in communities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. Participants (n = 251) were enrolled from the general population consisting of teachers, security personnel, and police officers recruited through cluster random sampling. Data were gathered using both digital or printed questionnaires. Ordinal logistic regression with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to analyze the association between BLS predictors and willingness to perform BLS. RESULTS: Most participants were willing to perform BLS for all genders (55.55%). The inability to perform BLS and fear of causing harm were the main barriers to performing BLS accounting for 61.35% and 43.82%, respectively. Compared to other independent predictors, ages 40-59 were found to be the highest predictors of willingness to perform BLS (AOR:1.44) followed by experience of seeing real or simulation of the emergency case (AOR:1.38) CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the respondents were eager to perform BLS although some barriers were also found. This study provides some understanding of the predictor factors associated with BLS performance and shows respondents with some training or experience were more likely to perform BLS. The results inform policymakers to develop a strategic plan for increasing willingness to apply BLS in the community. WC:250.

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The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought pressure and challenges to nurses worldwide. This study aims to understand the lived experiences of nurses in overcoming challenges when delivering care for patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia. The study employed a phenomenological research design. The researchers purposely selected nine nurses who provided care for patients with COVID-19 at an urban public hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between September and December 2020. The researchers conducted face-to-face interviews with participants. The interview data transcriptions were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis. The experiences of nurses in providing care for patients with COVID-19 can be summarized into three themes: (1) getting caught unprepared, (2) understanding and adapting to a new working situation, and (3) finding new meaning in the nursing profession. This study suggested that nurses overcame difficulties in caring for patients with COVID-19 by using multidimensional and culturally informed coping strategies. Hospital managers and policymakers need to consider culturally relevant coping strategies (i.e., religious-based coping strategies) when supporting healthcare providers during public health emergencies.

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BACKGROUND: The integration of emergency nurse practitioner (ENP) services in emergency departments (EDs) has been well established, especially in high-income countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. Different types of reviews, including integrative, literature and systematic, have been carried out to examine evidence regarding the impact of ENPs on the quality of ED services. Unfortunately, there is still limited explanation of the influencing factors that may result in a successful transition process from Registered Nurse to Emergency Nurse Practitioner. This review aims to understand these factors. METHODS: A realist approach (RAMESES) guided this review. CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched to capture studies from 1990 to 2020, combined with policy documents from professional bodies and government websites and relevant references from identified sources. Realist data analysis was carried out on the included articles to understand how context, mechanism and outcomes related to the ED nurses' role transition. RESULTS: Forty-eight articles were included. There were differences in preparatory education and scope of practice of the role. The review configured various contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of the role transition along with their interactions. CONCLUSION: The findings provide a comprehensive understanding regarding the emergency nurses' role transition, with a view to providing better insights and explanations to interested parties who would like to integrate the ENP service in their ED.

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BACKGROUND: Natural disasters have become the most common, profound, and universal type of catastrophes over decades. Natural disasters can lead to both negative and positive impacts on survivors. Nurses have an important role in fostering posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a positive psychological adjustment amongst the survivors. However, nurses may have different perceptions of their roles in PTG. Such differences may result in various approaches in supporting PTG as best as possible. Therefore, nurses' perception regarding PTG needs to be explored. METHOD: This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. A total of fourteen nurse participants were included across five different cities in Indonesia, including Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed with a thematic method. RESULTS: The study revealed three themes, as follows (1) PTG is a new concept for nurses, (2) PTG is a condition that needs to be sought by volunteers, and (3) PTG means human-God and human-human positive relationships. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the importance of improving nurses' understanding regarding PTG so that they can deliver appropriate strategies or interventions to support survivors in gaining positive changes after experiencing a natural disaster. The study recommends that knowledge and skills related to PTG should be introduced in undergraduate nursing program.

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Exploration of posttraumatic growth (PTG) experiences in adolescent survivors of earthquakes, tsunamis, or liquefaction are needed by nurses to maximize the potential for recovery and growth of adolescents from trauma after natural disasters. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive phenomenology approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 16 adolescent survivors and were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. The results of this study have two main themes: trauma becoming the basis for realizing the meaning of life and escaping from disaster as a second chance to live better. PTG is a positive change that needs to be pursued. Escaping from disaster and realizing the meaning of life are the key points to get success in pursuing PTG to live a better life. In addition, support from mental health nurses through cognitive therapy (CT) and acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) are needed to increase the PTG.