RESUMEN
The histamine-releasing effect of human C5a was compared with that of concanavalin A in blood basophils and isolated adenoidal mast cells from the same donors. In basophils, C5a (10 ng/ml) induced a significant histamine release (7.5 +/- 2.1%, corrected value). In isolated adenoidal mast cells C5a had only a marginal effect (2% histamine release), although the cells responded markedly to concanavalin A stimulation (about 13% release). The results support the view that the heterogeneity of mast cells and basophils is also reflected in the expression of anaphylatoxin receptors on their surface.
Asunto(s)
Basófilos/metabolismo , Complemento C5/farmacología , Liberación de Histamina , Mastocitos/metabolismo , Tonsila Faríngea/citología , Niño , Preescolar , Complemento C5a , Concanavalina A/farmacología , Humanos , RadioinmunoensayoRESUMEN
Mast cells from adenoid tissues of man do not form a homogeneous population but differ in size and ultrastructure. They degranulate on stimulation with specific antigen, ionophore A 23187, Concanavalin A and, under certain conditions, antihuman IgE or acetylcholine. Compound 48/80, dextran, purified C3a or C5a are ineffective. Adenosine exerts either an enhancing or inhibiting effect on the stimulated histamine release, depending on the actual conditions of the mast cells. The study of a range of known mast cell degranulation inhibitors revealed important differences between human adenoidal mast cells and human basophils or animal mast cell systems. The efficacies of the drugs or drug combinations so far tested correspond well with the established therapeutic effects in man.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/citología , Liberación de Histamina/efectos de los fármacos , Mastocitos/inmunología , Tonsila Faríngea/inmunología , Humanos , Mastocitos/citología , Mesenterio/citología , Mucosa Nasal/citologíaRESUMEN
Human fibrin tissue adhesive diminishes the rate of recurrent perforations in tympanoplastic on a statistical base (n = 1051). The postoperative air-bone gap (1000 cps) was not influenced in a substantial amount by using tissue adhesive. The reconstruction of the lateral attic wall by endogenous conchal cartilage was facilitated by the application of fibrin tissue adhesive. In animal experiments with guinea pigs ("attic" of bulla tympanica) human fibrin tissue adhesive is superior to free muscle transplants in reconstruction of the bony bulla wall. Fibrin adhesive induces scar formation, therefore a very sparing use is necessary.
Asunto(s)
Factor XIII/uso terapéutico , Fibrinógeno/uso terapéutico , Trombina/uso terapéutico , Adhesivos Tisulares/uso terapéutico , Timpanoplastia/métodos , Animales , Combinación de Medicamentos/uso terapéutico , Adhesivo de Tejido de Fibrina , Cobayas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Many allergic patients who are subsequently treated by bronchopulmonary specialists present first to otolaryngologists who should be able to recognize the initial symptoms of systemic allergy. The various diseases which require full allergy investigation are reviewed, based on a survey of the literature.
Asunto(s)
Hipersensibilidad/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Otorrinolaringológicas/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Enfermedades Otorrinolaringológicas/diagnósticoAsunto(s)
Liberación de Histamina/efectos de los fármacos , Hipersensibilidad/inmunología , Parasimpaticomiméticos/administración & dosificación , Acetilcolina/administración & dosificación , Animales , Carbacol/administración & dosificación , Cobayas , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/diagnóstico , Pruebas IntradérmicasRESUMEN
This is the first report of an intralaryngeal struma in which particular case the thyroid tissue was connected with the extralaryngeal struma because of a defect in the thyroid cartilage below the beginning of the left vocal cord. Pathogenetically speaking, it cannot be fully explained how this could develop. Hypothetically, the thyroid tissue had already invaded the larynx before the median had fused with the lateral chondrification centers of the thyroid cartilage (before the 10th-13th embryonic week); later, in the course of the struma disease, the struma developed.
Asunto(s)
Cartílagos Laríngeos/anomalías , Laringe/anomalías , Cartílago Tiroides/anomalías , Glándula Tiroides/anomalías , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Bocio Nodular/diagnóstico , Humanos , Laringoscopía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Parálisis de los Pliegues Vocales/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Mastocitos/citología , Animales , Bovinos , Separación Celular , Perros , Cobayas , HumanosRESUMEN
A method is described for the dissociation of guinea pig lung and mesentery into their component cells. The method comprises incubation of the tissues with the enzyme pronase in Ca++- and Mg++-free saline followed by mechanical dispersion and yields on average 3-8% free mast cells. These cells are morphologically intact and viable. They retain an active sensitization or can be passively sensitized. The levels of cAMP and cGMP in the whole cell suspension respond to catecholamine, histamine or cholinergic stimulation in a way similar to that observed in the corresponding undispersed tissue. Although the separation of guinea pig mast cells from other cells proved to be more difficult than the purification of rat mast cells, an inrichment of greater than 50% has been achieved. The mast cells isolated by this method proliferate in vitro and have been cultured successfully for several months.