RESUMEN
The Current Statistics Self-Efficacy (CSSE) scale, developed by Finney and Schraw (2003), is a 14-item instrument to assess students' statistics self-efficacy. No previous research has used the Rasch measurement models to evaluate the psychometric structure of its scores at the item level, and only a few of them have applied the CSSE in a graduate school setting. A modified 30-item CSSE scale was tested on a graduate student population (N = 179). The Rasch rating scale analysis identified 26 items forming a unidimensional measure. Assumptions of sample-free and test-free measurement were confirmed, showing scores from the CSSE-26 are reliable and valid to assess graduate students' level of statistics self-efficacy. Findings suggest the CSSE-26 could help facilitate professors' understanding and enhancement of students' statistics self-efficacy.
Asunto(s)
Modelos Estadísticos , Psicometría/métodos , Psicometría/normas , Autoeficacia , Estudiantes/psicología , Adulto , Educación de Postgrado , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
We assessed experimental false confession studies using a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of false confessions across methodologies and several moderator variables. False confessions were more likely in typing task studies than in collaborative or individual cheating studies. In typing studies, speed of typing did not affect false confession rates, but placement of the forbidden key in locations that rendered errors less plausible lowered the false confession rates. False-evidence ploys increased the likelihood of false confessions. We explore implications for courts, expert witnesses, scholars, and police interrogators.
Asunto(s)
Decepción , Aplicación de la Ley , Revelación de la Verdad , HumanosRESUMEN
This study tested the hypothesis that inpatient/residential treatment for PTSD associated with military duty should result in significantly lower PTSD symptoms at patient discharge compared to patient intake. Meta-analysis of effects comparing intake and discharge PTSD symptoms from 26 samples, reported in 16 studies, supported this hypothesis (d = -.73; p < .00001). Moderator analysis indicated between-study variation in PTSD symptom changes was predominantly due to the type of measure used, with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale producing the largest effect (d = -1.60). Larger effects were also observed for more recently published studies and studies with larger percentages of females. These findings support the efficacy of inpatient treatment for military PTSD, although a causal factor for effectiveness could not be identified. Further, the results indicate between-program comparisons of symptom reduction require the same measure of PTSD. (PsycINFO Database Record
Asunto(s)
Pacientes Internos/estadística & datos numéricos , Personal Militar/estadística & datos numéricos , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Tratamiento Domiciliario/estadística & datos numéricos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/terapia , Veteranos/estadística & datos numéricos , HumanosRESUMEN
This study describes the psychometric investigation of an 11-item symptom checklist, the Abbreviated Concussion Symptom Inventory (ACSI). The ACSI is a dichotomously scored list of postconcussive symptoms associated with mild traumatic brain injury. The ACSI was administered to Marines (N = 1,435) within the 1st month of their return from combat deployments to Afghanistan. Psychometric analyses based upon nonparametric item response theory supported scoring the ACSI via simple summation of symptom endorsements; doing so produced a total score with good reliability (α = .802). Total scores were also found to significantly differentiate between different levels of head injury complexity during deployment, F(3, 1,431) = 100.75, p < .001. The findings support the use of the ASCI in research settings requiring a psychometrically reliable measure of postconcussion symptoms.
Asunto(s)
Conmoción Encefálica/diagnóstico , Conmoción Encefálica/psicología , Psicometría , Adulto , Campaña Afgana 2001- , Análisis Factorial , Humanos , Masculino , Personal Militar/psicología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to develop a general procedure for evaluation of a dynamic assessment and to demonstrate an analysis of a dynamic assessment, the CITM (Tzuriel, 1995b), as an objective measure for use as a group assessment. The techniques used to determine the fit of the CITM to a Rasch partial credit model are explicitly outlined. A modified format of the CITM was administered to 266 diverse second grade students in the USA; 58% of participants were identified as low SES. The participants (males n = 144) were White Anglo and Latino American students (55%), many of whom were first generation Mexican immigrants. The CITM was found to adequately fit a Rasch partial credit model (PCM) indicating that the CITM is a likely candidate for a group administered dynamic assessment that can be measured objectively. Data also supported that a model for objectively measuring change in learning ability for inferential thinking in the CITM was feasible.