RESUMEN

Introduction: Endodontically treated teeth are more susceptible to root fracture than vital teeth. In order to reduce the risk of fracture, the use of intra-radicular posts and crowns is indicated. However, their own fracture resistance remains unclear. Objective: To analyze the behavior of metal-ceramic crown copings cemented to two types of intra-radicular posts under tensile stress. Material and method: Sixteen metal-ceramic crown copings cemented with zinc phosphate cement to cast metal posts and cores (group 1, n = 8) or with self-adhesive resin cement to glass-fiber posts rebased with composite resin (group 2, n = 8) were subjected to tensile testing after endodontic treatment and standardized preparation. Failure occurred when the crown coping and/or post-core assembly fractured and/or detached. Result: In group 1, after the application of a mean tensile load of 46.83 N, 7 crown copings and metal cores separated as a whole, while in 1 specimen the coping detached from the metal core. In group 2, a mean tensile load of 127.68 N resulted in glass-fiber post fracture, and in 1 case the entire crown-post-core assembly was detached. Tensile strength differed significantly between the two groups (p = 0.0085). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that metal-ceramic crown copings cemented with self-adhesive resin cement show strong adhesion to composite resin cores associated with glass-fiber posts, thus providing a safe alternative to the use of cast metal posts and cores.

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Introdução: Os dentes tratados endodonticamente são mais suscetíveis à fratura radicular do que os dentes vitais. Para reduzir o risco de fratura, indica-se o uso de coroas e retentores intrarradiculares. No entanto, ainda não está clara a resistência dessas estruturas a fraturas. Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento de copings de coroa metalocerâmica cimentados com dois tipos de retentores intrarradiculares sob tensão de tração. Material e método: Dezesseis copings de coroa metalocerâmica cimentados com cimento de fosfato de zinco para núcleos e pinos de metal fundido (grupo 1, n= 8) ou com cimento resinoso autoadesivo para núcleos de resina composta com pinos de fibra de vidro (grupo 2, n= 8) foram submetidos a testes de tração após tratamento endodôntico e preparo padronizado. Houve falha quando o coping da coroa e/ou a estrutura pino-núcleo se quebrou e/ou se soltou. Resultado: No grupo 1, após a aplicação de uma carga de tração média de 46,83 N, 7 copings e núcleos metálicos se separaram completamente, enquanto em 1 espécime o coping se soltou do núcleo metálico. No grupo 2, uma carga de tração média de 127,68 N resultou em fratura do pino de fibra de vidro, e em 1 caso toda a estrutura coroa-pino-núcleo se soltou. A resistência à tração foi significativamente diferente entre os dois grupos ( P= 0,0085). Conclusão: Nossos achados sugerem que copings de coroa metalocerâmica cimentados com cimento resinoso autoadesivo apresentam forte adesão aos núcleos de resina composta associados aos pinos de fibra de vidro, proporcionando uma alternativa segura ao uso de retentores de metal fundido.

Asunto(s)

Resistencia a la Tracción , Cemento de Fosfato de Zinc , Técnica de Perno Muñón , Resinas Compuestas , Cementos de Resina , Coronas

RESUMEN

This research analyzed the quality of resin-based sealer adaptation after intracanal laser irradiation. Extracted teeth (n = 168) were root canal treated and divided into four groups, according to dentin surface treatment: no laser; Nd:YAG laser (1.5 W, 100 mJ, 15 Hz); diode laser (2.5 W in CW), and Er:YAG laser (1 W, 100 mJ, 10 Hz). The teeth were divided into four subgroups according to the sealer used: AH Plus, EndoREZ, Epiphany, and EpiphanySE. For testing the sealing after root canal obturation, the penetration of silver nitrate solution was measured, whereas to evaluate the adaptation and penetration of the sealer into the dentin, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) was used. The ESEM images were analyzed using a four-grade criteria score by three evaluators. The inter-examiner agreement was confirmed by Kappa test and the scores statistically compared by the Kruskal-Wallis' test (p < 0.05). Both adaptation and sealer penetration in root canals were not affected by the laser irradiation. Nd:YAG and diode laser decreased the tracer penetration for AH Plus, whereas EndoREZ and EpiphanySE performances were affected by Nd:YAG irradiation (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that intracanal laser irradiation can be used as an adjunct in endodontic treatment; however, the use of hydrophilic resin sealers should be avoided when root canals were irradiated with Nd:YAG laser.

Asunto(s)

Cavidad Pulpar/efectos de la radiación , Dentina , Láseres de Estado Sólido/uso terapéutico , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Obturación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Nitrato de Plata/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagen , Dentina/diagnóstico por imagen , Resinas Epoxi , Humanos , Terapia por Láser/métodos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Estadísticas no Paramétricas

RESUMEN

Introducción: la presencia de microorganismos residuales post-preparación químico-quirúrgico de los conductos radiculares, sugiere el empleo de medicación intracanal eficaz y biológicamente compatible con los tejidos periapicales. Objetivo: comparar la citotoxicidad de medicaciones de uso intracanal en fibroblastos gingivales humanos. Métodos: estudio de tipo experimental. Con cuatro diferentes grupos: control (G1), Clorhidrato de Clindamicina 2g asociado a fosfato de dexametasona 0,32g (Clindex) vehiculado en solución alcohólica (G2), Clindex Vehiculado en polietilenoglicol 400 (G3), y NDP: paramonoclorofenol asociado a fosfato de dexametasona 0,32g vehiculado en polietilenoglicol 400 y solución salina (G4). Las células fueron estimuladas con las medicaciones por 24, 48 y 72 horas y la viabilidad celular fue evaluada usando la técnica de análisis de MTT y la lectura fue realizada en el espectrofotómetro de ELISA. Resultados: fueron analizados por medio de la actividad mitocondrial y mostraron que el G2 obtuvo los mejores resultados en los tres tiempos estudiados, seguido por el G3 y el G4. Se realizó análisis estadístico (ANOVA y complementado con la prueba de Tukey) mostraron diferencias significante a nivel de 1% G2 y G3 cuando se compararon con el G4. Conclusión: la combinación Clindamicina dexametasona independiente del vehículo presentó mayor viabilidad celular que el paramonoclorofenol asociado a fosfato de dexametasona.

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Introduction: the presence of residual microorganisms after chemical-surgical preparation of root canals suggests the use of effective intracanal medication, biologically compatible with periapical tissues. Objective: compare the cytotoxicity of intracanal medications in gingival human fibroblasts. Methods: an experimental study was conducted with four different groups: control (G1), Clindamycin Hydrochloride 2g associated to dexamethasone phosphate 0.32g (Clindex) vehicled in alcoholic solution (G2), Clindex vehicled in polyethylene glycol 400 (G3), and NDP: paramonochlorophenol associated to dexamethasone phosphate 0.32g vehicled in polyethylene glycol 400 and saline solution (G4). The cells were stimulated with the medications for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell viability was evaluated with the technique of MTT analysis. Readings were performed in an ELISA spectrophotometer. Results: the groups were analyzed in terms of mitochondrial activity. G2 had the best results in the three times studied, followed by G3 and G4. A statistical analysis was performed (ANOVA and complemented by Tukey's test). Significant differences of 1% were found when comparing G2 and G3 with G4. Conclusion: the Clindamycin dexamethasone combination, irrespective of the vehicle, showed greater cell viability than paramonochlorophenol associated to dexamethasone phosphate.

RESUMEN

Introduction: Laser technology is gaining increasing importance in dental practice and also in the field of Endodontics with its ability to promote disinfection and experimentally in the preparation of root canal. The action of different types of lasers results in changes representing the increase in permeability of dentinal tissue (Er: YAG) or sometimes by a decrease in melting and recrystallization of dentin (Nd: YAG). Objective: this study assessed through apical dye leakage, the influence of irradiation with two types of laser, regarding to the quality of apical sealing of endodontic fillings. Material and methods: Thirty-six single-rooted teeth were used after being prepared with the ProFile system up to size #40 instrument and then divided into four experimental and two control groups. The technique used previously to the filling was as follows: G1 - not irradiated; G2 - irradiated with Er: YAG; G3 - irradiated with Nd: YAG and G4 - irradiated with Er: YAG followed by Nd: YAG. After external waterproofing and dry, the specimens were filled with a cold vertical condensation technique, using AH Plus sealer, and immediately immersed into 0.5% methylene blue solution for subsequent cleavage. The linear values of apical marginal leakage were obtained with the aid of an optical microscope connected to a computer using the Image Lab® software. Results: Data analysis showed the non-existence of statistically significant (p = 0.05) differences between different groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that the laser does not have influence on the apical sealing.

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of the surface topography of the cervical third and tip of four different rotary systems, before and after being used 12 times, in resin blocks with simulated root canals with standardized 45° curvatures, and analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). A total of 1,440 resin blocks with simulated root canals and standardized curvatures were used. The blocks were divided into four groups and prepared by the crown down technique according to the manufacturers' recommendations: Group 1 (G1)--K3®, Group 2 (G2)--Protaper Universal®, Group 3 (G3)--Twisted Files®, and Group 4 (G4)--Biorace®. After each preparation, the instruments were washed and autoclaved. A total of 24 instruments were selected, being three new instruments and three after having been used for the 12th time, from each group. These instruments were analyzed by SEM. To perform the evaluation, 24 micrographs were observed by 12 evaluators who attributed a score to the images according to a template. In the qualitative analysis of the cervical region and tip of new instruments, it was observe that the files of Groups G4 and G2 were the least rough and those of G1, the roughest. In the same manner, the cervical region of the instruments was qualitatively analyzed after the 12th time of using them, and there was no statistically significant difference at a level of 1% (ANOVA P < 0.01) between G2 and G4 as well as between G1 and G3. As regards the tip, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference, at a level of 1%, between the groups: G1 and G3, G1 and G4, and between G3 and G4, and there was statistically significant difference at a level of 1%, between group G2 and the other groups, with G3 having the greatest roughness (ANOVA P < 0.01).

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Avaliar clinicamente a condição odontológica de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Método: Foi realizado estudo exploratório, descritivo e transversal com avaliação clínica odontológica de 50 pacientes internados em UTI do Hospital São Vicente de Paula (João Pessoa/PB). Foram coletados os dados dos prontuários médicos relativos à idade, sexo, fator causal da internação e comorbidades relacionadas a problemas pulmonares. A análise da condição bucal foi qualificada em três categorias: boa (condição aceitável de higiene sem sangramento ao toque ou focos de infecção aparentes); regular (paciente apresentava pouco sangramento ao toque e/ou candidíase observada clinicamente como placas esbranquiçadas sobre mucosa inalterada ou avermelhada, removidas mecanicamente); e ruim (presença de abscessos e candidíase disseminada incluindo orofaringe). Resultados: A idade média dos examinados era de 53,8 (±18,5) sendo 23 (46%) do sexo masculino. As causas das internações de 24 (48,0%) pacientes foram neurológicas e de 26 (52%) por problemas renais, cardíacos, metabólicos, respiratórios e septicemia. Foram registrados quadros de pneumonia em 56% dos pacientes. Quanto à distribuição das condições de saúde bucal, observaram-se porcentagens significativamente maiores (p menor que 0,001) da condição de higiene ruim, comparadas às outras condições.Conclusões: A maioria dos pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva apresentava condição odontológica ruim, e a candidíase foi a infecção mais prevalente.

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Objective: To evaluate clinically the oral conditions of the patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Method: An exploratory, descriptive and transversal study was developed with clinical oral evaluation of 50 patients admitted to the ICU of the São Vicente de Paula Hospital (João Pessoa, PB, Brazil). The data were collected from the medical files concerning age, gender, cause of admission and comorbidities relative to lung problems. The oral condition was classified into three categories: good (acceptable hygiene, no gingival bleeding to touch or visible infection foci); regular (little gingival bleeding to touch and/or clinically visible candidiasis as white plaques on healthy or reddish mucosa, removed mechanically) and poor (presence of abscesses and widespread candidiasis, including the oropharynx). Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.8 (±18.5) years, 23 (46%) of them being male. Twenty-four (48%) patients were hospitalized due to neurological causes and 26 (52%) due to kidney, cardiac, metabolic or respiratory problems and septicemia. Pneumonia was present in 56% of the patients. As for the oral health conditions, there were significantly higher percentages (p less than 0.001) of poor conditions compared with the other conditions. Conclusion: Most patients admitted to the ICU presented poor oral condition and candidiasis was the prevalent infection.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Higiene Bucal , Salud Bucal , Pacientes Internos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Brasil , Candidiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Registros Médicos , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Distribución por Sexo

RESUMEN

A má oclusão de Classe II divisão 1 ou 2, subdivisão direita, é caracterizada pela relação de Classe II somente nos molares do lado direito. Nesse tipo de má oclusão, normalmente, ocorre mal posicionamento dos dentes no arco alveolar, como por exemplo apinhamentos dentários no mesmo lado da Classe II (subdivisão). O presente artigo ilustra o tratamento de uma má oclusão de Classe II, subdivisão direita, com o emprego do quadri-hélice, arcos seccionados e arco utilidade, segundo a terapia bioprogressiva de Ricketts.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Maloclusión Clase II de Angle/terapia , Técnicas de Movimiento Dental/métodos , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Ortopedia , Diente Canino/anomalías

RESUMEN

Root canal preparation may damage NiTi instruments resulting in wear and deformation. The aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of the surface topography of the cervical third of four different rotary systems, before and after being used twelve times, in 1.440 resin blocks with simulated root canals with standardized 45° curvatures, and analyzed by atomic force microscopy AFM. The blocks were divided into four groups and prepared according to the manufacturers recommendations: Group 1--K3®; Group 2--Protaper Universal®; Group 3--Twisted Files® and Group 4--Biorace®. After each preparation, the instruments were washed and autoclaved. A total of 240 instruments were selected, being 30 new instruments and 30 after having been used for the 12th time, from each group. These instruments were analyzed by AFM and for quantitative evaluation, the mean RMS (Root mean square) values of the cervical third of the specimens from the four groups were used. The result showed that all the rotary files used for the 12th time suffered wear with change in the topography of the cervical region of the active portion of the file (ANOVA p < 0.01). Classifying the specimens in increasing order, from the least to the greatest wear suffered, Group 3 (2.8993 nm) presented the least wear, followed by Group 4 (12.2520 nm), Group 1 (36.0043 nm) and lastly, Group 2 (59.8750 nm) with the largest amount of cervical surface wear.

Asunto(s)

Preparación del Conducto Radicular/instrumentación , Instrumentos Dentales , Humanos , Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica , Propiedades de Superficie

RESUMEN

Low-level laser therapy is a tool employed in the management of post-operative inflammation process and in the enhancement of reparative process. The aim of the study was to perform histological evaluation of dental and periodontal ligament of rats central upper-left incisor teeth re-implanted and irradiated with low-level laser (InGaAl, 685 nm, 50 J/cm(2)) 15, 30, and 60 days after re-implantation. Seventy-two male rats had the central upper left incisor removed and kept for 15 min on dry gauze before replantation. Laser was irradiated over the root surface and empty alveolus prior replantation and over surrounding mucosa after the re-implantation. After histological procedures, all slices were analyzed regarding external resorption area and histological aspects. We observed an increase of root resorption (p < 0.05) in the control group compared to the laser group at 15, 30, and 60 days. These results showed that the laser groups developed less root resorption areas than the control group in all experimental periods. Additionally, histological analysis revealed less inflammatory cells and necrotic areas in laser groups.

Asunto(s)

Incisivo/efectos de la radiación , Incisivo/cirugía , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Reimplante Dental/métodos , Animales , Necrosis de la Pulpa Dental/patología , Necrosis de la Pulpa Dental/radioterapia , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Incisivo/lesiones , Incisivo/patología , Inflamación/patología , Inflamación/radioterapia , Masculino , Necrosis , Ligamento Periodontal/patología , Ligamento Periodontal/efectos de la radiación , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Traumatismos de los Dientes/patología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/radioterapia , Traumatismos de los Dientes/cirugía

RESUMEN

Este trabalho visou analisar a radiopacidade dos seguintes cimentos obturadores: AH Plus,Sealer 26, MTA Filappex e N- Rickert, visto que, é uma propriedade desejada nos cimentos endodônticos,pois é através dela que visualizamos o preenchimento correto do canal radicular. Paraesta análise, foram feitas amostras de cada cimento segundo as especificaçôes da ANSI/ADA eutilizada de maneira inovadora tomografia computadorizada, comparando-as com o chumboatravés da escala de Hounsfield. Os cimentos AH PLus e MTA Filappex são mais radiopacos doque o N-Rickert e o Sealer 26, portanto, de melhor visualização da obturação do canal.

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This work aims to analyze the radiopacity of the following sealers: AH Plus, Sealer 26, MTAFilappex and N-Rickert, since it is adesired property in endodontic sealers, because throughit we look to the correct completion of the root canal. For this analysis, we made samples 01each sealer according to the specifications of ANSI/ADA and use of computed tomography ininnovative ways, comparing with the lead through the Hounsfield scale. The MTA and AH Plussealer Filappex are more radiopacity than N-Rickert and Sealer 26, therefore, better visualizationof the root canal filling.

Asunto(s)

Cementos Dentales/uso terapéutico , Intensificación de Imagen Radiográfica/métodos , Tomografía

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Individuals with special needs exist throughout the world. The last demographic census (IBGE, 2002) in Brazil indicated that 14.5% of the total population (24.5 million) present some type of impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental trauma (DT) in individuals with special needs and the first attendance by a dental surgeon of patients admitted to the special care clinic of the School of Dentistry of Universidade Paulista (UNIP), Brazil, between 2001 and 2005. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample included 544 individuals with special needs aged 1-20 years old (mean 10.7 ± SD 5.3). Patient medical records were reviewed for demographic and clinical data, including medical diagnosis, gender, age, presence of DT and whether the attendance provided was the first time the patient had sought dental treatment. RESULTS: The individuals were distributed into 11 subgroups according to medical diagnosis. The DT prevalence determined was 9.2% (n = 50), with no difference in relation to gender. The majority (78.3%) of the individuals were seeking dental treatment for the first time at an advanced age. CONCLUSIONS: The present data suggest that DT prevalence in individuals presenting special needs is more common in permanent dentition and that the first attendance by a dental surgeon is delayed.

Asunto(s)

Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos de los Dientes/epidemiología , Adolescente , Factores de Edad , Brasil/epidemiología , Parálisis Cerebral/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Atención Dental para la Persona con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Síndrome de Down/epidemiología , Epilepsia/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Discapacidad Intelectual/epidemiología , Masculino , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Personas con Deficiencia Auditiva/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Personas con Daño Visual/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to assess qualitatively, by means of SEM images, the cleaning of the dentin walls of root canals after chemical-surgical preparation using Endo-PTC cream with 0.5% and 1% sodium hypochlorite and different final irrigating solutions. Seventy-two single-rooted human teeth were divided into eight groups and prepared using Endo-PTC cream with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at different concentrations, and irrigated with NaOCl at different concentrations. Final irrigation was performed with either EDTA-T or EDTA-C. The best results were obtained with Group 1, followed by Groups 5, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6 and 4. We can conclude that the use of 0.5% NaOCl during instrumentation and final flush of the root canals was more efficient in cleaning than was 1% sodium hypochlorite. EDTA-T was more efficient in removing smear layer than EDTA-C, and the cervical third presented better cleaning of the root canal walls than did the middle third, which showed cleaner dentin walls than the apical third.

Asunto(s)

Cavidad Pulpar/efectos de los fármacos , Dentina/efectos de los fármacos , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/farmacología , Preparación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Hipoclorito de Sodio/farmacología , Ácido Edético/farmacología , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Capa de Barro Dentinario , Propiedades de Superficie

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to assess qualitatively, by means of SEM images, the cleaning of the dentin walls of root canals after chemical-surgical preparation using Endo-PTC cream with 0.5 percent and 1 percent sodium hypochlorite and different final irrigating solutions. Seventy-two single-rooted human teeth were divided into eight groups and prepared using Endo-PTC cream with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at different concentrations, and irrigated with NaOCl at different concentrations. Final irrigation was performed with either EDTA-T or EDTA-C. The best results were obtained with Group 1, followed by Groups 5, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6 and 4. We can conclude that the use of 0.5 percent NaOCl during instrumentation and final flush of the root canals was more efficient in cleaning than was 1 percent sodium hypochlorite. EDTA-T was more efficient in removing smear layer than EDTA-C, and the cervical third presented better cleaning of the root canal walls than did the middle third, which showed cleaner dentin walls than the apical third.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Cavidad Pulpar/efectos de los fármacos , Dentina/efectos de los fármacos , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/farmacología , Preparación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Hipoclorito de Sodio/farmacología , Ácido Edético/farmacología , Ensayo de Materiales , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Capa de Barro Dentinario , Propiedades de Superficie

RESUMEN

Calcium hydroxide dressing residuals can compromise endodontic sealing. This study evaluated the cleaning efficacy of different endodontic irrigants in removing calcium hydroxide by SEM image analysis. Fifty-four single-rooted mandibular premolars were instrumented to a master apical file #60 and dressed with calcium hydroxide. After 36 hours, the teeth were reopened and Ca(OH)(2) medication was removed by 5 different experimental groups: 0.5% NaOCl (G1), EDTA-C (G2), citric acid (G3), EDTA-T (G4), and re-instrumentation with MAF using NaOCl and lubrificant, followed by EDTA-T (G5). The roots were split in the buccal-lingual direction and prepared for SEM analysis in cervical, middle, and apical thirds (9, 6, and 3mm from the apex). Five blinded examiners evaluated the wall cleanliness using a scale from 1 to 5. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis at 5% level of significance. Group G5 had the best results in all thirds, with significant statistical differences compared to all other groups in the middle and coronal third, and to G1 in the apical third. On the other hand, G1, only flushed with NaOCl, had the worst results, with statistical differences in all thirds compared to the other groups. The best cleanliness was achieved by G4 and G5 groups. The recapitulation of MAF in combination with irrigants improved the removal of calcium hydroxide medication better than an irrigant flush alone.

Asunto(s)

Hidróxido de Calcio , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular , Preparación del Conducto Radicular/instrumentación , Diente Premolar , Ácido Cítrico , Restauración Dental Provisional , Ácido Edético , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Hipoclorito de Sodio

RESUMEN

Introdução - Foi avaliada a possível variação da permeabilidade dentinária radicular, em dentes com rizogênese incompleta, após medicação com hidróxido de cálcio veiculado em solução anestésica. Material e Métodos - Decorrido o prazo experimental, os dentes foram re-preparados com quatro diferentes técnicas de remoção da medicação, avaliando-se quantitativamente o índice de permeabilidade dentinária radicular, através da penetração do corante azul de metileno. Observou-se existir diferença estatisticamente significante quanto à porcentagem de penetração de corante em função do tipo de técnica usada na remoção da medicação. Resultados - O uso do EDTA-T seguido ao seu final pelo creme de Endo-PTC neutralizado pelo hipoclorito de sódio a 1%, foi o que melhor proporcionou um aumento no índice de permeabilidade pós-medicação, devolvendo ao dente a condição prévia de permeabilidade conseguida após o preparo químico-cirúrgico, não havendo diferença estatisticamente significante ao nível de 5% entre o Grupo 2 e 6, nos diferentes terços radiculares. Conclusões - A medicação com hidróxido de cálcio interferiu, de forma decisiva, no índice de permeabilidade dentinária radicular, independente do terço radicular analisado

Asunto(s)

Hidróxido de Calcio , Permeabilidad de la Dentina , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular , Análisis de Varianza , Colorantes Azulados , Permeabilidad Dental

RESUMEN

Introdução - O uso de gases refrigerantes é um método largamente utilizado no diagnóstico de possíveis alterações inflamatórias pulpares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade destes gases em atingir baixas temperaturas. Material e Métodos - Foram avaliados cinco gases refrigerantes (tetrafluoretano, hidrofluorcarbono, propano/butano e duas associações de butano, etanol, benzoato de sódio, água desmineralizada e mentol) com o auxílio de um termômetro eletrônico digital. Resultados - Após a análise dos resultados, utilizando o teste ANOVA (Tukey), ocorreram diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,01) entre todos os grupos estudados, com exceção da comparação entre os gases hidrofluorcarbono e tetrafluoretano (p>0,05). Conclusão - O hidrofluorcarbono foi o gás que atingiu o menor nível de temperatura, seguido pelo tetrafluoretano e propano/butano.

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Introduction - The cold spray gases are frequently used as a diagnosis method of possible pulpal inflammatory alterations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of these gases to reach low temperatures. Material and Methods - They were evaluated 5 cold spray gases (tetrafluorethane, hydrofluorocarbon, propane/butane and two associations of butane, ethanol, sodium benzoate, distilled water and menthol) with the assist of a digital electronic thermometer. Results - After the results analysis, using ANOVA (Tukey test), statistically significant differences (p<0,01) occurred among all of the studied groups, excepting the comparison between hydrofluorocarbon and tetrafluorethane gases. Conclusion - It was concluded that hydrofluorocarbon gas reached the lowest temperature level, following by tetrafluorethane and propane/butane gases.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Bebidas Gaseosas , Prueba de la Pulpa Dental , Gases , Endodoncia

RESUMEN

Introdução - O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar, in vitro, as possíveis variações da permeabilidade dentinária do canal radicular logo após o preparo químico-cirúrgico realizado por instrumentos rotatórios, variando-se as substâncias químicas auxiliares. Material e Métodos - Avaliou-se quantitativamente a permeabilidade dentinária radicular, por meio da penetração do corante rodamina B a 1%, nos três grupos experimentais que variaram a substância química auxiliar(NaCl 0,5% + Endo-PTC, EDTA-T 17% e Clorexidina líquida 2%). Resultados - Observou-se existir diferença estatisticamente significante quanto à porcentagem de penetração do corante nos diferentes grupos, sendo G1>G2>G3. Conclusão - O uso do Endo-PTC neutralizado pelo Líquido de Dakin proporcionou o melhor aumento no índice de permeabilidade dentinária pós preparo químico-cirúrgico, quando comparado ao EDTA-T 17% e ao digluconato de clorexidina líquida 2%

Asunto(s)

Clorhexidina , Hipoclorito de Sodio , Permeabilidad de la Dentina , Colorantes , Cavidad Pulpar , Compuestos Químicos , Técnicas In Vitro , Químicos de Laboratorio

RESUMEN

Introdução - O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desvio apical, em raízes mésio-vestibulares de molares superiores, valendo-se de técnica escalonada e técnica mecânico-rotatória Híbrida. Métodos - Foram utilizados 20 dentes molares superiores extraídos e radiografados no sentido vestíbulo – lingual. Procedeu-se a cirurgia de acesso, esvaziamento e odontometria de cada dente e os mesmos foram divididos em dois grupos: GI - técnica manual escalonada e GII - técnica Híbrida. As limas utilizadas foram as do tipo “K” n. 10 e 15 marca Maillefer, limas tipo Flexofile – 1ª serie (15 – 40) 21mm marca Maillefer e limas do sistema Profile 0.4 Maillefer de n. 20 a 35. Durante a instrumentação, utilizou-se como substâncias químicas auxiliares o creme Endo PTC – neutralizado pela solução de hipoclorito de sódio 0,5% e EDTA – T, na irrigação final. Os canais foram secos com cones de papel. A seguir, injetou-se o material de moldagem tipo silicona de condensação no interior de cada conduto radicular preparado. E, então, foram imersos em solução de acido clorídrico a 35% por, aproximadamente, 12hs, e descalcificados durante um período de 96hs. Obteve-se o molde do canal radicular preparado e cada um foi analisado com o auxílio de uma lente com 20 vezes de aumento. Resultados - Apenas um dente em cada grupo apresentou desvio apical. Conclusão - As técnicas de instrumentação propostas para canais curvos , escalonada e híbrida mecanizada, não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes , ao nível de 5%, no que se refere à ocorrência de desvio apical.

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Introduction – The objective of the present study was to evaluate the apical displacement in upper molar vestibular mesial roots through step-back and Hybrid mechanical and rotatory techniques. Methods – Twenty extracted upper molars were used and their radiographies taken in the lingual vestibule direction. Access surgery was performed, as well as emptying and odontometry of each tooth, and the latter was divided into two groups: GI - manual step-back technique and GII - Hybrid technique. The files utilized were Maillefer, type “K” no. 10 and 15, Maillefer’s Flexofile – Series 1 (15 – 40) 21mm, and Maillefer’s Profile 0.4 no. 20 to 35. During instrumentation, Endo PTC cream was used as an auxiliary chemical substance – neutralized by a sodium hipochlorite solution at 0.5% and EDTA – T, in the final irrigation. The canals were dried with paper cones. Next, molding material of silicone condensation was injected in each prepared radicular space. Then, they were immersed in a chloride acid solution at 35% for approximately 12 hours, and decalcified for a period of 96 hours. A mold of the prepared radicular canal was obtained and each of them was analyzed through a 20X lens. Results – Only one tooth in each group presented apical displacement. Conclusion – The instrumentation techniques proposed for curved canals, step-back and mechanized hybrid, did not present statistically significant differences at 5%, with regard to the occurrence of apical displacement.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preparación del Conducto Radicular

RESUMEN

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar dois métodos para determinação do grau de curvatura de canais radiculares (ângulo de Schneider e método FKG). Métodos - Foram selecionadas 23 radiografias, realizadas pela técnica do paralelismo, de primeiros molares inferiores humanos com ápice completo e sem tratamento endodôntico, do Curso de Especialização em Endodontia da APCD - Regional São Caetno do Sul. Para a determinação do ângulo de Scheneider, as radiografias foram postas sobre um negatoscópio e nelas foram localizados três pontos sobre a raiz mesial: ponto A - orifício da entrada dos canais radiculares; ponto B - início da curvatura do canal radicular e ponto C - vértice radiográfico. O ponto A foi unido ao B por uma reta e este ao C por outra reta. Estas retas foram transferidas para uma folha, onde com o auxílio de um transferidor, determinou-se o ângulo de curvatura, classificando-o de acordo com a sua severidade em suave, moderada ou severa. Para determinar o grau de curvatura pelo método da FKG, procedeu-se sobrepondo a radiografia sobre a tabela com a da radiografia. As angulações da FKG foram mensuradas de acordo com o método de Schneider para transformar suas medidas em graus, permitindo uma análise comparativa entre os dois métodos. Resultados - A análise estatística dos resultados mostrou existir uma diferença estatisticamente significante ao nível de 1% (teste de Wilcoxon). Conclusões - Não há uma padronização entre os métodos comparados. Todas as angulações classificadas como moderadas pelo método de Scheneider foram consideradas suaves pela tabela da FKG e as angulações suaves e moderadas para a tabela da FKG foram consideradas severas pelo método de Scheneider. A classificação segundo a metodologia de Scheneider se mostra mais confiável em comparação à técnica com o uso da tabela da FKG

Asunto(s)

Cavidad Pulpar , Radiografía , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Odontometría/métodos

RESUMEN

Introdução - A quantificação da permeabilidade dentinária através do uso de corantes tem sido a metodologia de grande interesse dos endodontistas, com o intuito de mensurar o poder de ação à distância das substâncias químicas auxiliares na intimidade da dentina radicular. Material e Métodos - A valiam as possíveis variações da porcentagem de penetração dentinária radicular do corante azul de metileno nos terços cervical, médio e apical, em dentes humanos extraídos depois da aplicação de substâncias irrigadoras como o EDTA-T 17% e o Ácido Cítrico 15%, variando o número de vezes de irrigações que foram aplicados. Assim, após o preparo do canal radicular, valeram-se de limas tipo K, com o auxilio do creme de ENDO-PTC, neutralizado pelo hipoclorito de sódio a 0,5% e posterior irrigação final com EDTA- 1. Posteriormente os dentes foram divididos em cinco grupos e receberam quantidades e momentos diferentes de irrigação. Resultados - Os resultados concluem que existe diferença estatisticamente significante ao nível de 1 % apenas entre os grupos GI x GIII e GI x GIV. Conclusões - Houve diferença estatística significante ao nível de 1 % entre o grupo I e os grupos III e IV; a presença de magma dentinário não é uma barreira efetiva na redução da permeabilidade do sistema de canais radiculares e as irrigações sucessivas com Ácido Cítrico podem levar à obliteração da entrada dos túbulos dentinários devido à maior dissolução e precipitação do cálcio fazendo com que ocorra uma diminuição na penetração do corante.

Asunto(s)

Ácido Cítrico , Permeabilidad de la Dentina , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular