RESUMEN
Ants are an ecologically and evolutionarily diverse group, and they harbor a wide range of symbiotic microbial communities that often greatly affect their biology. Turtle ants (genus Cephalotes) engage in mutualistic relationships with gut bacteria and are exploited by microbial parasites. Studies have shown that associations among these microbial lineages and the turtle ant hosts vary geographically. However, these studies have been limited, and thorough within-species analyses of the variation and structure of these microbial communities have yet to be conducted. The giant turtle ant, Cephalotes atratus (Linnaeus 1758), is a geographically widespread, genetically diverse Neotropical species that has been sampled extensively across its geographic range, making it ideal for analysis of microbial associations. In this study, we verified the presence, genetic variation, and geographic patterns at the individual, colony, and population level of three microbial groups associated with the giant turtle ant: Wolbachia, a genus of facultative bacteria which are often parasitic, affecting host reproduction; Rhizobiales, a mutualistic order of bacteria hypothesized to be an obligate nutritional symbiont in turtle ants; and Ophiocordyceps, a genus of endoparasitic fungi infecting many arthropod species by manipulating their behavior for fungal reproduction. In this study, we found varying degrees of prevalence for two distantly related genotypes (haplogroups) of Wolbachia and high degree of prevalence of Rhizobiales across colonies with little genetic variation. In addition, we found low occurrence of Ophiocordyceps. This study highlights a key first step in understanding the diversity, distribution, and prevalence of the microbial community of C. atratus.
Asunto(s)
Alphaproteobacteria/genética , Hormigas/microbiología , Hypocreales/genética , Simbiosis , Wolbachia/genética , Animales , Variación Genética , Genotipo , América del SurRESUMEN
Ecological opportunity, defined as access to new resources free from competitors, is thought to be a catalyst for the process of adaptive radiation. Much of what we know about ecological opportunity, and the larger process of adaptive radiation, is derived from vertebrate diversification on islands. Here, we examine lineage diversification in the turtle ants (Cephalotes), a species-rich group of ants that has diversified throughout the Neotropics. We show that crown group turtle ants originated during the Eocene (around 46 mya), coincident with global warming and the origin of many other clades. We also show a marked lineage-wide slowdown in diversification rates in the Miocene. Contrasting this overall pattern, a species group associated with the young and seasonally harsh Chacoan biogeographic region underwent a recent burst of diversification. Subsequent analyses also indicated that there is significant phylogenetic clustering within the Chacoan region and that speciation rates are highest there. Together, these findings suggest that recent ecological opportunity, from successful colonization of novel habitat, may have facilitated renewed turtle ant diversification. Our findings highlight a central role of ecological opportunity within a successful continental radiation.
Asunto(s)
Hormigas/fisiología , Evolución Biológica , Animales , Hormigas/clasificación , Teorema de Bayes , Biodiversidad , América Central , Especiación Genética , Filogenia , Filogeografía , América del SurRESUMEN
In chronic uremia (CRF), malnutrition is an important determinant of morbidity in adults and impaired growth in children. Causes of malnutrition include anorexia and abnormal protein and amino acid metabolism. To determine how different levels of dietary protein and CRF interact to influence growth and nutritional status, CRF and sham-operated, pair-fed control rats were fed isocaloric diets containing 8, 17, or 30% protein for 21 d to mimic dietary regimens recommended for CRF patients: the minimum daily requirement; the recommended daily allowance; or an excess of dietary protein. Serum creatinine did not differ between groups of CRF rats but blood urea nitrogen was lowest in CRF rats fed 8% protein (P < 0.001). CRF rats eating 30% protein gained less weight and length compared to their controls or CRF rats fed 8 or 17% protein (P < 0.05); they also had acidemia. CRF rats fed 8% protein had the highest efficiency of utilization of protein for growth, while 17% protein promoted the highest efficiency of utilization of food and calories for growth. Notably, CRF rats eating 30% protein had the lowest protein efficiency; their calorie intake was also the lowest because of anorexia. Plasma branched-chain amino acids were progressively higher in control rats eating 8, 17, or 30% protein. CRF rats fed 8 or 17% protein had lower branched-chain amino acid concentrations compared with CRF rats fed 30% protein. In CRF, it is concluded that excessive dietary protein impairs growth but a low-protein diet does not impair nutritional responses and permits utilization of protein for growth if calories are sufficient.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Crecimiento , Fallo Renal Crónico/metabolismo , Estado Nutricional , Aminoácidos de Cadena Ramificada/sangre , Animales , Peso Corporal , Ingestión de Energía , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Most published research on the role of the nurse executive has occurred in the private sector. The authors expand our knowledge by reporting nurse executive practice in the public sector, specifically the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Asunto(s)
Enfermeras Administradoras , Sector Público , Responsabilidad Social , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermeras Administradoras/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermeros/estadística & datos numéricos , Supervisión de Enfermería/estadística & datos numéricos , Sector Público/estadística & datos numéricos , Estados Unidos , United States Department of Veterans AffairsAsunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , HDL-Colesterol , LDL-Colesterol , Enfermedad Coronaria , Trinidad y TobagoRESUMEN
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether the inverse association between high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and risk of coronary heart disease described in people of European stock was also present in other racial groups. DESIGN: The study was a prospective population survey. Cardiovascular risk factors were examined, including fasting serum lipid estimation (obtained at recruitment). SETTING: This was a community based study within a defined survey area in Trinidad. PARTICIPANTS: All men aged between 35 and 69 years within the survey area were identified and followed between 1977 and 1986. Analysis was confined to those of African, Asian Indian, and mixed descent who were free of coronary heart disease at entry (n = 960, 69% of age eligible men in the survey population). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: 64 men developed coronary heart disease during the study period. A strong inverse curvilinear relation was found between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease incidence (p less than 0.005), independent of age or other relevant characteristics including low density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: A low serum concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol is a risk factor for coronary heart disease in non-whites as well as in whites.
Asunto(s)
LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/etnología , Grupos Raciales , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Trinidad y Tobago/epidemiología , Trinidad y Tobago/etnologíaRESUMEN
Study objective- The aim of the study was to determine whether the inverse association between high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and risk of coronary heart disease described in people of European stock was also present in other racial groups. Design- The study was a prospective population survey. Cardiovascular risk factors were examined, including fasting serum lipid estimation (obtained at recruitment). Setting- This was a community based study within a defined survey area in Trinidad. Participants- All men aged between 35 and 69 years within the survey area were identified and followed between 1977 and 1986. Analysis was confined to those of African, Asian Indian, and mixed decent who were free of coronary heart disease at entry (n=960, 69 percent of age eligible men in the survey population). Measurements and main results- 64 men developed coronary heart disease during the study period. A strong inverse curvilinear relation was found between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease incidence (p<0.005), independent of age or other relevant characteristics including low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions- A low serum concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol is a risk factor for coronary heart disease in non-whites as well as in whites. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Masculino , Enfermedad Coronaria/etnología , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Estudios Prospectivos , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Trinidad y Tobago/epidemiología , Trinidad y Tobago/etnologíaRESUMEN
A ten-year community survey was undertaken to investigate the high coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence among people of Indian (South Asian) descent in Trinidad, West Indies. Of 2491 individuals aged 35-69 years, 2215 (89%) were examined and 2069 (83%) found to be clinically free of CHD at baseline. After exclusion of 71 of minority ethnic groups, 786 African, 598 Indian, 147 European and 467 adults of Mixed descent were followed for CHD morbidity and mortality. In both sexes, adults of Indian origin had higher prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus, a low concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and recent abstinence from alcohol than other ethnic groups. Indian men also had larger skinfold thicknesses than other men. In participants free of CHD at entry, the age-adjusted relative risk of a cardiac event believed due to CHD was at least twice as high in Indian men and women as in other ethnic groups. In men, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration were positively and independently related to risk of CHD, whereas alcohol consumption and HDL cholesterol concentration were inversely associated with risk after allowing for age and ethnic group. The ethnic contrasts in CHD persisted when these characteristics were taken into account. In the smaller sample of women, only ethnic group was predictive of CHD as defined. The failure of point estimates of risk to explain the high CHD incidence in Indians calls for focus on age of onset of risk and examination of other potential risk factors such as insulin concentration.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Coronaria/etnología , Países en Desarrollo/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , África/etnología , Anciano , China/etnología , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Europa (Continente)/etnología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , India/etnología , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medio Oriente/etnología , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Factores de Riesgo , Trinidad y Tobago/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
A ten year community survey was undertaken to investigate the high coronary heart (CHI) incidence among people of Indian (South Asian) descent in Trinidad, West Indies. Of 2491 individuals aged 35-69, 2215 (89 percent) were examined and 2069 (83 percent) found to be clinically free of CHD at baseline. After exclusion of 71 of minority ethnic groups, 786 African, 598 Indian, 147 European and 467 adults of mixed descent were followed for CHD morbidity and mortality. In both sexes, adults of Indian origin had higher prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus, a low concentration of high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol, and recent abstinence from alcohol than other ethnic groups. Indian men also had larger skinfold thicknesses than other men. In participants free of CHD at entry, the age-adjusted relative risk of a cardiac event believed due to CHD, was at least twice as high in Indian men and women as in other ethnic groups. In men, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol concentration were positively and independently related to risk of CHD, wheras alcohol consumption and HDL cholesterol concentration were inversely associated with risk after allowing for age and ethnic group. The ethnic contrast in CHD persisted when these characteristics were taken into account. In the smaller sample of women, only ethnic groups were predictive of CHD as defined. The failure of point estimates of risk to explain the high CHD incidence in Indians calls for focus on age of onset of risk and examination of other potential risk factors such as insulin concentration. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Enfermedad Coronaria/etnología , Países en Desarrollo/estadística & datos numéricos , África/etnología , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Europa (Continente)/etnología , Estudios de Seguimiento , India/etnología , Modelos Lineales , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , Medio Oriente/etnología , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Factores de Riesgo , Trinidad y Tobago/epidemiología , China/etnologíaRESUMEN
A ten-year community survey was undertaken to investigate the high coronary heart disease(CHD) incidence among people of Indian(South Asian) descent in Trinidad, West Indies. Of 2491 individuals aged 35-69 years, 2215(89 percent) were examined and 2069(83 percent) found to be clinically free of CHD at baseline> After exclusion of 71 of minority ethnic groups, 786 African, 598 Indian, 147 European 467 adults of Mixed descent were followed for CHD morbidity and mortality. In both sexes, adults of Indian descent had higher prevalences rates of diabetes mellitus, a low concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and recent abstinence from alcohol than other ethnic groups. Indian men also had larger skinfold thickness than other men. In participants free of CHD at entry, the age adjusted relative risk of a cardiac event believed due to CHD was at least twice as high in Indian men and women as in other ethnic groups. In men , blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration were positively and independently related to risk of CHD, whereas alcohol consumption and HDL cholesterol concentration were inversely associated with risk after allowing for age and ethnic group. The ethnic contrasts in CHD persisted when these characteristics were taken into account. In the smaller sample of women, only ethnic group was predictive of CHD as defined. The failure of point estimates of risk to explain the high CHD incidence in Indians calls for focus on age of onset and examination of other potential risk factors such as insulin concentration (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Enfermedad Coronaria/etnología , Trinidad y Tobago , Enfermedad Coronaria/etiología , Región del Caribe , Países en DesarrolloRESUMEN
Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, testosterone and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in 300 men, aged 35-64 years, of African and Indian descent who represented a 40% sample of participants in a community survey of coronary heart disease in Trinidad. Free testosterone was calculated from total testosterone and SHBG. In 113 men, HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol were measured by a precipitation technique. Indian men had a significantly lower HDL-cholesterol concentration than African men (P = 0.003), which is known to be due to a reduction in the HDL3 fraction (demonstrable only in younger men in the subsample drawn for this study). Testosterone did not differ with ethnic group, but SHBG was reduced in Indians (P = 0.03). After allowance for age, ethnic group, alcohol consumption and smoking habit, HDL cholesterol was associated positively with SHBG (P = 0.025) but was not related significantly to either total testosterone or its free and bound components. Serum HDL2 cholesterol was associated positively and independently with SHBG (P = 0.001) and total and bound testosterone (P = 0.002), whereas HDL3 cholesterol showed no significant associations with these factors. Neither SHBG or testosterone afforded an explanation for the relatively low HDL and HDL3 cholesterol concentrations in Indian men.
Asunto(s)
HDL-Colesterol/sangre , Globulina de Unión a Hormona Sexual/análisis , Testosterona/sangre , Adulto , África/etnología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Etnicidad , Humanos , India/etnología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valores de Referencia , Fumar , Trinidad y TobagoRESUMEN
Triceps skinfold, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose concentration and serum lipoprotein concentrations were measured in 590 (80 percent) of 738 women aged 35-69 years resident within a defined area of Port-of-Spain, Trinidad. A triceps skinfold of 32 mm or more (the 70th percentile of overall distribution) was found in 36 percent of women of African descent and 28 percent of women of other ethnic origin. Respective figures for a BMI of 30.0 kg/m2 or more were 32 percent and 27 percent at ages 40 to 64 years. Obesity was associated with an increase in blood pressure, increased fasting blood glucose, LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride concentrations, and a reduction in HDL cholesterol concentration. Obese women had an increased tendency to a history of early menarche, multiparity and children of high birthweight. These findings suggested that, irrespective of ethnic origins, the effects of obesity on health in this female population resembled those in white N. American women.
Asunto(s)
Obesidad/epidemiología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Peso al Nacer , Glucemia/análisis , Presión Sanguínea , Colesterol/sangre , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , VLDL-Colesterol , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Lipoproteínas VLDL/sangre , Masculino , Menarquia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Paridad , Embarazo , Triglicéridos/sangre , Trinidad y Tobago , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
Triceps skinfold, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood/glucose concentration and serum lipoprotein concentrations were measured in 590 (80 percent) of 738 women aged 35-69 years resident within a defined area of Port of Spain, Trinidad. A triceps skinfold of 32 mm or more (the 70th percentile of overall distribution) was found in 36 percent of women of African descent and 28 percent of women of other ethnic origin. Respective figures for a BMI of 30.0 kg/mý or more were 32 percent and 27 percent at ages 46 to 64 years. Obesity was associated with an increase in blood pressure, increased fasting blood glucose, LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride concentrations, and a reduction in HDL cholesterol concentration. Obese women had an increased tendency to a history of early menarche, multiparity and children of high birth weight. These findings suggested that, irrespective of ethnic origins, the effects of obesity on health in this female population resembled those in white North American women. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Trinidad y Tobago , Población Urbana , Índice de Masa CorporalRESUMEN
Triceps skinfold, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood/glucose concentration and serum lipoprotein concentrations were measured in 590(80 percent) of 738 women aged 35-69 years resident within a defined area of Port of Spain, Trinidad. A triceps skinfold of 32 mm or more(the 70th percentile of overall distribution) was found in 36 percent of women of African descent and 28 percent of women of other ethnic origin. Respective figures for a BMI of 30.0 kg/my or more were 32 percent and 27 percent at ages 46 to 64 years. Obesity was associated with an increase in blood pressure, increased fasting blood glucose, LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride concentrations, and a reduction in HDL cholesterol concentration. Obese women had an increased tendency to a history of early menarche, multiparity and children of high birth weight. These findings suggested that, irrespective of ethnic origins, the effects of obesity on health in this female population resembled those in white N. American women (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Obesidad , Trinidad y Tobago , Salud de la Mujer , Grosor de los Pliegues Cutáneos , Región del Caribe , Obesidad , Mortalidad , Países en Desarrollo , Índice de Masa Corporal , Cardiología , Trinidad y TobagoRESUMEN
Triceps skinfold, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose concentration and serum lipoprotein concentration were measured in 590 (80 percent) of 738 women aged 35-69 years resident within a defined area of Port-of-Spain, Trinidad. A triceps skin fold of 32 mm or more (the 70th percentile of overall distribution) was found in 36 percent of women of African descent and 28 percent of women of other ethnic origin. Respective figures for a BMI of 30.0 kg per metre squared or more were 32 percent and 27 percent at ages 40 to 64 years. Obesity was associated with an increase in blood pressure, increased fasting blood glucose, LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride concentrations, and a reduction in HDL cholesterol concentration. Obese women had an increased tendency to a history of early menarche, multiparity and children of high birthweight. These findings suggested that, irrespective of ethnic origins, the effects of obesity on health in this female population resembled those in white N. American women (AU)
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Salud de la Mujer , Grosor de los Pliegues Cutáneos , Obesidad/mortalidad , Índice de Masa Corporal , Cardiología , Etnología , Trinidad y Tobago , Región del Caribe , Países en DesarrolloRESUMEN
A total population survey of serum lipoprotein concentrations was undertaken in an urban community in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, and the results compared with rural survey on the same island and a study of healthy adults in Bristol, England. Lipoproteins were separated with identical techniques and lipid determinations made in a common laboratory. In Trinidad, response rates for men and women were 93 and 88% respectively in the urban survey, and 89% in the smaller rural study. Mean concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly lower and LDL cholesterol significantly higher in urban men than rural men. No urban-rural differences were found in women. In urban men under 55 years, HDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations were similar in Port-of-Spain and Bristol while VLDL triglyceride was relatively high in Trinidad. Distinct ethnic differences in lipoprotein concentrations were found in Trinidad. Indian men and women tended to have a low HDL cholesterol relative to other ethnic groups, while African men and women were characterized by relatively low concentrations of LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride. The reduction in HDL cholesterol of Indian men appeared to be due mainly to a relatively low HDL3 concentration. The results are consistent with reported regional, sex and ethnic differences in CHD incidence in Trinidad, and accord with statistics which show cardiovascular disease to have emerged as the major cause of death in this community.
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Urbanización , Adulto , África/etnología , Anciano , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Inglaterra , Europa (Continente)/etnología , Femenino , Humanos , India/etnología , Lipoproteínas HDL/sangre , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangre , Lipoproteínas VLDL/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Triglicéridos/sangre , Trinidad y TobagoRESUMEN
A total population survey of serum lipoprotein concentrations was undertaken in an urban community in Port of Spain, Trinidad, and the results compared with a rural survey on the same island and a study of healthy adults in Bristol, England. Lipoproteins were separated with identical techniques and lipid determinations made in a common laboratory. In Trinidad, response rates for men and women were 93 and 88 percent respectively in the urban survey, and 89percent in the smaller rural study. Mean concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly lower and LDL cholesterol significantly higher in urban men than rural men. No urban-rural difference were found in women. In urban men under 55 years, HDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations were similar in Port of Spain and Bristol while VLDL triglyceride was relatively high in Trinidad. Distinct ethnic differences in lipoprotein concentrations were found in Trinidad. Indian men and women tended to have a low HDL cholesterol relative to other ethnic groups, while African men and women were characterized by relatively low concentrations of LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride. The reduction in HDL cholesterol in Indian men appeared to be due mainly to a relatively low HDL3 concentration. The results are consistent with reported regional, sex and ethnic differences in CHD incidence in Trinidad, and accord with statistics which show cardiovascular disease to have emerged as the major cause of death in this community
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Región del Caribe , HDL-Colesterol , VLDL-Colesterol , Trinidad y Tobago , Países en DesarrolloRESUMEN
A total population survey of serum lipoprotein concentrations was undertaken in an urban community in Port of Spain, Trinidad, and the results compared with a rural survey on the same island and a study of healthy adults in Bristol, England. Lipoproteins were separated with identical techniques and lipid determinations made in a common laboratory. In Trinidad, response rates for men and women were 93 and 88 percent respectively in the urban survey, and 89percent in the smaller rural study. Mean concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly lower and LDL cholesterol significantly higher in urban men than rural men. No urban-rural difference were found in women. In urban men under 55 years, HDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations were similar in Port of Spain and Bristol while VLDL triglyceride was relatively high in Trinidad. Distinct ethnic differences in lipoprotein concentrations were found in Trinidad. Indian men and women tended to have a low HDL cholesterol relative to other ethnic groups, while African men and women were characterized by relatively low concentrations of LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride. The reduction in HDL cholesterol in Indian men appeared to be due mainly to a relatively low HDL3 concentration. The results are consistent with reported regional, sex and ethnic differences in CHD incidence in Trinidad, and accord with statistics which show cardiovascular disease to have emerged as the major cause of death in this community (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , HDL-Colesterol , VLDL-Colesterol , Trinidad y Tobago/epidemiología , Región del Caribe , Países en Desarrollo , Negro o AfroamericanoRESUMEN
Prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and fasting serum lipoprotein concentrations in ethnic groups in Port of Spain, Trinidad, were compared. In a total community survey of 1416 men aged 35-69 years, angina pectoris, a history of possible myocardial infarction, and major Q waves on the electrocardiogram were significantly more common in men of Indian descent than in other ethnic groups (relative risk about 3/1). Indians had significantly lower high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLCh) concentrations and significantly higher low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLCh) concentrations than other groups. After allowance for age and ethnic group, men with major Q waves or a history of possible myocardial infarction had a significantly greater ratio of LDLCh/HDLCh that men without either. Comparison of surveys in the Caribbean suggests that in this region CHD is prevalent only in communities in which a sizeable proportion of men have an LDHCh/HDLCh ratio greater than 6 and an LDLCh concentration above 5 mmol/l.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Indígenas Centroamericanos , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Coronaria/sangre , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Emigración e Inmigración , Humanos , Lipoproteínas HDL/sangre , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangre , Lipoproteínas VLDL/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Riesgo , Trinidad y TobagoRESUMEN
Prevalence of coronory heart disease (CHD) and fasting serum lipoprotein concentration in ethnic groups of Port of Spain, Trinidad, were compared. In a total community survey of 1416 men aged 35-69 years, angina pectoris, a history of possible myocardial infarction, and major Q waves on the electrocardiogram were significantly more common in men of Indian descent than in other ethnic groups (relative risk about 3/1). Indians had significantly lower high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLch) concentrations and significantly higher low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLch) concentrations than other groups. After allowance for age and ethnic group, men with major Q waves or a history of possible myocardial infarction had a significantly greater ratio of LDLch/HDLch than men without either. Comparison of surveys in the Caribbean suggests that in this region CDH is prevalent only in communities in which a sizeable portion of men have an LDLch/HDLch ratio greater than 6 and an LDLch concentration above 5mmol/l (Summary)