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A case of fused pelvic kidneys is presented. We believe this to be the first report using ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for presentation of a rare anatomic renal anomaly.

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To aid in diagnostic chest film interpretation of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, a composite profile of common radiologic patterns was developed in 98 Appalachian former coal miners who were diagnosed as having coal miner's pneumoconiosis and who applied for black lung benefits. The mean age was 61 years, with a lifetime coal mine dust exposure of 18.7 years. Results showed that chest radiographs of coal workers' simple pneumoconiosis contained small irregular linear opacities more frequently (47%) than small rounded opacities. Sparse profusion of all small opacities was the rule. Small opacities involved two out of six lung zones simultaneously 39% of the time while other combinations occurred less frequently. Lower zones were involved more frequently than upper ones. Thickened pleura occurred in 18% of radiographs. Other frequent radiographic abnormalities were parenchymal calcifications (19%), marked emphysema (12%), and inactive tuberculosis (12%). Calcification of the aortic knob, a degenerative process reflecting age, occurred in 9%. Only one instance of complicated coal workers' pneumoconiosis (progressive massive fibrosis) was encountered (0.7%). Many of the descriptive features of coal workers' pneumoconiosis noted in the literature were not observed in this study. Only one instance of complicated pneumoconiosis was encountered.

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In two patients with an equivocal clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis, high-resolution sonography demonstrated an inflamed appendix. The appendix of each appeared grossly abnormal and was removed at laparotomy. Pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Coupled with a review of the literature, the authors suggest high-resolution sonography as the examination of choice in patients with equivocal clinical findings of acute appendicitis.

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Filling defects in the renal pelvis should alert radiologists to the possibility of underlying tuberculosis. A case is presented with the major criteria used in differentiating tuberculosis from a neoplasm.

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The authors present a case of pancreatic pseudocyst with associated duodenal compression and jaundice. Nonoperative management was employed successfully.

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Since esophagitis is increasing in frequency, the authors reviewed case histories of patients with this disorder. The importance of radiographic examination of the stomach and duodenum in patients with esophagitis (heartburn) is stressed.

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A fistula between a lacerated middle meningeal artery and the sphenoparietal sinus was discovered in a patient who had increased intracranial pressure following trauma.

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Tomograms and oblique radiographs were compared in 172 adult patients undergoing routine urography to assess the degree of renal outline visualized and to determine the best midpoint for nephrotomography. Tomograms proved better for demonstrating the renal outline (66.3% of patients demonstrating 78.4% of the renal circumference) than oblique views (only 23.2% of patients demonstrating 65.5% of the renal circumference). The combination of tomograms and oblique radiographs proved best, demonstrating 96.5% of the renal outline. Colon cleanliness was a significant factor. The midpoint of tomographic sections is determined by multiplying the anteroposterior diameter of the patient by 0.4.

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Most radiologists agree that micronized barium is superior to regular USP barium in demonstrating ulcers of the stomach and duodenum. The authors present the results of a study which shows the differences in reliability of the two substances in demonstrating duodenal ulcers.

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Choanal atresia in a neonate is a cause of severe respiratory distress and constitutes a respiratory emergency. The authors present a case of choanal atresia and emphasize the ease of making the diagnosis both radiologically and clinically.

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We have described an unusual case of congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis which does not conform to Felman's classification. We suggest establishing a third category in the group with non-cardiac-associated CPL, entitled "noncardiac, intermediate onset."

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Locetamic acid (Cholebrine) and ipodate sodium (Oragrafin) were compared in a double blind study of 503 patients. The radiographs were evaluated for contrast density, visualization of common duct, gallstones, residual in the intestinal tract, and side effects. Cholebrine demonstrated better opacification, fewer repeat examinations, slightly greater common duct opacification, and more frequent visualization of gallstones. Oragrafin had less residue. Side effects were minimal with both contrast agents.

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Computerized axial tomography (CAT) is a reliable technic for examining patients with a variety of intracranial abnormalities. In acute lesions where there is extravasated blood, the CAT scan shows areas of increased density on the precontrast study which measures 70 to 90 Hounsfield units. In lesions with increased flow or blood volume, the postcontrast study reveals areas of increased density due to greater pooling of contrast medium. In areas of nonhemorrhagic ischemia the CAT scan shows persisting low density.

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Eight hundred and twenty patients were examined in an effort to test the abilities of compression studies, erect spot film studies, and air contrast examinations to detect duodenal cap ulcers. The 63 ulcers found are reviewed.

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