RESUMEN
A biological experiment was carried out to evaluate dietary nucleoside supplementation on growth performance, digestive enzymes activities, immune response, and intestinal transporter genes expression in broiler chicken. A total of 720 newly hatched CARIBRO VISHAL broiler chicks were weighed and randomly divided into eight groups with nine replicates. The dietary treatments were as follows: Group I: diet without antibiotic supplement (control), group II: diet supplemented with antibiotic (positive control), groups III, IV and V: diet supplemented with combination of nucleosides at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg feed, respectively, for 14 days, groups VI, VII and VIII: diet supplemented with nucleosides at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg feed, respectively, for 21 days. The combination of nucleosides (equal proportion (1:1:1:1) adenosine, guanosine, cytosine, and uridine with 99% purity) were used in the study. Body weight was significantly higher in the birds fed diets containing antibiotics and 1.5 g/kg nucleosides fed groups. The supplementation had positive effect on the activity of amylase and lipase enzymes and the absorptive surface (villi length). It could be concluded that, the dietary supplementation of nucleosides improved the performance of broilers with better cellular and humoral immunity than control. The study further confirmed that nucleosides supplementation improved gut development and could be an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler production.
Asunto(s)
Pollos , Nucleósidos , Animales , Antibacterianos , Pollos/metabolismo , Dieta/veterinaria , Suplementos Dietéticos , Nucleósidos/farmacología , Nucleósidos/metabolismoRESUMEN
A biological experiment was carried out in twenty-four adult healthy breeder males each in turkey (Beltsville small white) and egg type chicken (White Leghorn Babcock) in order to assess the seasonal influence on semen production and quality. The birds were maintained in individual cages under uniform husbandry conditions throughout the year. The birds were fed with breeder ration and water ad libitum was offered with a constant photoperiod of 14 h/day. Physical and biochemical characteristics of semen, serum hormones (testosterone and thyroxine), and antioxidant activity (catalase and lipid peroxidation) were evaluated throughout the year (January-December). Based on the THI calculations, the observations were classified under three different seasons, namely, winter (November-February), spring (March, April, and October), and summer (May-September). Semen physical parameters, sperm concentration, motility, live sperm percentage, and sperm plasma membrane integrity were superior during the winter season. In seminal plasma, biochemical parameters (phosphorus, ALT, ALP, AST, and uric acid) had a significant (P < 0.05) difference between seasons. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) among serum hormones (testosterone and thyroxine) that were higher during the winter season. Significant variation was observed in catalase and lipid peroxidation antioxidant enzyme activities (seminal and blood plasma) in winter than in the other two seasons. Both the turkey and egg type chicken breeders exhibited superior seminal characteristics, sex hormone profile, and antioxidant enzyme activity during winter seasons.
Asunto(s)
Pollos , Análisis de Semen , Animales , Antioxidantes , Catalasa , Masculino , Estaciones del Año , Análisis de Semen/veterinaria , Motilidad Espermática , Espermatozoides , Testosterona , Tiroxina , PavosRESUMEN
A biological study was conducted to explore the effect of zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on productive, reproductive, and immunological response in broiler breeders. Adult healthy 45-week breeder males (192) and females (288) were used in a completely randomized design. Birds were randomly divided into four treatments consisting of six replicates and fed basal diet (control, 40 mg/kg), basal diet supplemented with Zn-Met 20 (T1), 40 (T2), and 60 mg/kg (T3). There was no effect (P > 0.05) on body weight and feed consumption among the breeders due to the supplementation of organic Zn. The T3 group had significantly (P < 0.05) higher semen volume, sperm motility, concentration, and live sperm count. The seminal plasma calcium and alkaline phosphatase activity were higher (P < 0.05), and total cholesterol and aspartate transaminase levels were low in the T3 group. Birds fed with additional supplementation of Zn (60 mg/kg) had improved both cellular and humoral immunity. Throughout the experimental period, the hen day egg production was comparable (P > 0.05) among the experimental groups. Organic Zn-supplemented group showed significant difference in both the internal and external egg qualities-albumen, yolk index, and shell thickness. The higher dose of organic Zn-fed groups had a significant difference in estrogen and progesterone concentration, and the highest testosterone concentration was observed in the T2 group. Supplementary organic Zn had a significant effect on the concentration of Zn and Cu in the seminal plasma. Serum Zn and Cu concentration was significantly increased due to the supplementation of organic zinc in both male and female breeders. The fertility and hatchability percentage were higher (P < 0.05) in the T2 group. It could be concluded that the additional supplementation of organic Zn (zinc-methionine) at 40 mg/kg to the basal diet improved the reproductive performance in broiler breeders.