RESUMEN
The results of modeling of two therapeutic beams HEC-1 and HEC-4 at the NRNU "MEPhI" research nuclear reactor exploitable for preclinical treatments are reported. The exact models of the beams are constructed as an input to the NCTPlan code used for planning Neutron Capture Therapy (NCT) procedure. The computations are purposed to improve the accuracy of prediction of a dose absorbed in tissue with the account of all components of radiation.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Captura de Neutrón de Boro , Dosificación RadioterapéuticaRESUMEN
In this study efficacy of antineoplastic action of gadolinium NCT and boron NCT in cases of canine melanoma and osteosarcoma was compared. Canine spontaneous tumors, such as melanoma and osteosarcoma, have clinical common features with human malignancies, so these tumors in dogs can be considered as clinical model of human melanoma and osteosarcoma. The study has been carried out on 33 dogs with oral cavity melanoma and 9 dogs with osteosarcoma. Dogs with spontaneous melanoma of oral cavity and osteosarcoma of extremities were selected by the results of clinical examination. Irradiation was carried out at the NCT facility of the IRT MEPhI reactor. Neutron irradiation without boron or gadolinium was chosen as a control method to evaluate the efficacy of NCT.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Captura de Neutrón de Boro/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Neoplasias/veterinaria , Terapia por Captura de Neutrón/veterinaria , Animales , Neoplasias Óseas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Óseas/veterinaria , Compuestos de Boro/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Perros , Gadolinio/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Melanoma/radioterapia , Melanoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Boca/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Boca/veterinaria , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Neoplasias/terapia , Osteosarcoma/radioterapia , Osteosarcoma/veterinaria , Fenilalanina/análogos & derivados , Fenilalanina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The purpose of the work was to build a prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) facility at the MEPhI reactor for analyzing the content of various elements for NCT. The facility was implemented on a monochromatic neutron beam. Methods of quantitative (10)B and Gd measurement have been developed for pharmacokinetic studies. The facility is capable of measuring 1 microg of (10)B and 10 microg of Gd in biological samples with an error less than 10%. The detection limit of the facility is 0.3 microg of (10)B and 2 microg of Gd. Neutron flux attenuation within biological tissue samples was estimated and a new system for determining the elemental concentration was suggested.
Asunto(s)
Boro/análisis , Gadolinio/análisis , Análisis de Activación de Neutrones/instrumentación , Animales , Boro/farmacocinética , Boro/uso terapéutico , Terapia por Captura de Neutrón de Boro/estadística & datos numéricos , Gadolinio/farmacocinética , Gadolinio/uso terapéutico , Rayos gamma , Humanos , Isótopos/análisis , Isótopos/farmacocinética , Isótopos/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Análisis de Activación de Neutrones/estadística & datos numéricos , Terapia por Captura de Neutrón/estadística & datos numéricos , Reactores Nucleares , Federación de Rusia , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
A study covering 277 psychopathic patients has been aimed at specifying the notion of psychopathy as well as the criteria of its diagnosis with the help of follow-up findings. Psychopathies are considered as a transient status of protracted adaptation due to retardation of the pubertal period. The study of "true" psychopathy has demonstrated that psychic disturbances are transitory and determined typologically by manifestations of neurosis or neurotic development. Persistent and prolonged psychopathy-like disturbances (n = 233) are referred to groups of other diseases.A total of 118 psychopathic patients have been subjected to a prolonged follow-up. The findings obtained have demonstrated a variety of organic cerebral diseases from traumatic encephalopathy to oligophrenia. The authors raise a question as to the validity of the generally accepted criteria of psychopathy in the framework of the so-called "organic psychopathy". A suggestion is put forward that abuse of the diagnosis of psychopathy in organic diseases of the central nervous system leads to the erroneous therapeutic strategy and corresponding social restrictions.