RESUMEN
The aim of this work was to investigate and compare the phenolic profile of 15 wild growing blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) genotypes from the slopes of Fruska Gora mountain in north Serbia. Their effect in inhibiting i) α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities and ii) colorectal cancer cell line (HT29) growth was also studied. Blackthorn fruit extracts exhibited high phenolic content being enrich in anthocyanins. Principal component analysis was used to correlate the bioactive response with phenolic composition. It was found that derivatives quercetin and anthocyanin peonidin are the major contributors of the inhibition of carbohydrates hydrolyzing enzymes as well as with the antiproliferative effect of blackthorn. Among all samples, the genotype from Beska locality showed the higher capacity in inhibiting alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and HT29 cell growth. Because of high anthocyanin content and higher bioactive response, these genotypes could be recommended for the further cultivation and investigation.
Asunto(s)
Polifenoles/análisis , Prunus/química , Prunus/genética , Antocianinas/análisis , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/análisis , Ácido Clorogénico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Clorogénico/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Análisis de los Alimentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Frutas/química , Genotipo , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/química , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/farmacología , Células HT29 , Humanos , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Polifenoles/farmacología , Análisis de Componente Principal , Quercetina/análisis , Ácido Quínico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Quínico/análisis , Serbia , alfa-Amilasas/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
In this study, poplar tissue culture (hybrid black poplar, M1 genotype) was subjected to water stress influenced by polyethyleneglycol 6000 (100 and 200 mOsm PEG 6000). The aim of the research was to investigate the biochemical response of poplar tissue culture on water deficit regime. Antioxidant status was analyzed including antioxidant enzymes, superoxide-dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guiacol-peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-reductase, reduced glutathione, total phenol content, Ferric reducing antioxidant power and DPPH radical antioxidant power. Polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine-ammonium-lyase were determined as enzymatic markers of polyphenol metabolism. Among oxidative stress parameters lipid peroxidation, carbonyl-proteins, hydrogen-peroxide, reactive oxygen species, nitric-oxide and peroxynitrite were determined. Proline, proline-dehydrogenase and glycinebetaine were measured also as parameters of water stress. Cell viability is finally determined as a biological indicator of osmotic stress. It was found that water stress induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation in leaves of hybrid black poplar and reduced cell viability. Antioxidant enzymes including SOD, GPx, CAT and GSH-Px were induced but total phenol content and antioxidant capacity were reduced by PEG 6000 mediated osmotic stress. The highest biochemical response and adaptive reaction was the increase of proline and GB especially by 200 mOsm PEG. While long term molecular analysis will be necessary to fully address the poplar potentials for water stress adaptation, our results on hybrid black poplar suggest that glycine-betaine, proline and PDH enzyme might be the most important markers of poplar on water stress and that future efforts should be focused on these markers and strategies to enhance their concentration in poplar.
Asunto(s)
Deshidratación , Populus/química , Populus/enzimología , Populus/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultivo de Tejidos , Agua/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/análisis , Betaína/metabolismo , Fenómenos Bioquímicos , Biomarcadores , Catalasa/metabolismo , Catecol Oxidasa/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular , Pruebas de Enzimas , Enzimas/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Glutatión Reductasa/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Presión Osmótica , Estrés Oxidativo , Oxidorreductasas/metabolismo , Peroxidasas/metabolismo , Ácido Peroxinitroso/metabolismo , Fenol/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/química , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Prolina/metabolismo , Especies de Nitrógeno Reactivo/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
This paper is aimed to characterize young poplar plants under the influence of water stress provoked by polyethileneglycol 6000 (PEG 6000). Three polar genotypes (M1, B229, and PE19/66) were grown in hydroponics and subjected to 100 and 200 mOsm PEG 6000 during six days. Polyphenol characterization, two enzymatic markers and antioxidant capacity in leaves and roots were investigated in stressed plants. Total phenol content, ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and DPPH antiradical power (DPPH ARP) were determined for estimating total antioxidant capacity. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were determined as enzymatic markers. Polyphenol characterization of poplar samples was performed by HPLC-PDA analysis. All results were subjected to correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Inspite of the decrease of total phenol content in investigated genotypes, as well as total antioxidant capacity, some of polyphenols were affected by stress like flavonoids chrysin, myricetine, kaempferol and isoferulic acid in roots of B229 genotype (Populus deltoides). Genotype B229 also showed the increase of antioxidant capacity and PAL activity in root and leaves under stress what could be the indicator of the adaptability of poplar plants to water stress. Significant positive correlations were obtained between PAL, antioxidant capacity as well as phenolic acids among themselves. Chemometric evaluation showed close interdependence between flavonoids, FRAP, DPPH antiradical power and both investigated enzymes of polyphenol metabolism, PAL and PPO.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Polifenoles/metabolismo , Populus/metabolismo , Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Deshidratación , Recuperación de Fluorescencia tras Fotoblanqueo , Fenilanina Amoníaco-Liasa/metabolismo , Picratos/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Raíces de Plantas/metabolismo , Polietilenglicoles/farmacología , Populus/efectos de los fármacos , Populus/enzimología , Análisis de Componente PrincipalRESUMEN
This study was designed to examine Allium schoenoprasum tissue culture organs antioxidant and scavenging activity and to make a comparison between Allium schoenoprasum cultivated plant and Allium schoenoprasum tissue culture organs antioxidant activity. This study reports the results on the root, stalk and leaf antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase), reduced glutathione quantity, flavonoids and soluble protein contents and quantities of malonyldialdehyde and ·OH radical. In Allium schoenoprasum tissue culture organs the total antioxidant capacity was determined by the FRAP method and scavenger activity by the DPPH method. The present results indicated that the crude extract of Allium schoenoprasum tissue culture exhibited antioxidant and scavenging abilities in all investigated plant parts, especially in the roots. According to our results, the tissue culture plants exhibited the highest activities in the roots in contrast to the cultivated plants where highest activities were observed in the leaves.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/análisis , Cebollino/enzimología , Técnicas de Cultivo de Tejidos , Catalasa/metabolismo , Flavonoides/análisis , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/análisis , Glutatión/análisis , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Raíces de Plantas/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study was designed to examine antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of red and yellow forms of Melampyrum barbatum L. In this study, we report the results concerning flower and leaf antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase), reduced glutathione quantity, flavonoids, photosynthetic pigments and soluble protein contents and quantities of malonyldialdehyde, (*)OH and O(2) (*-) radicals; total antioxidant capacity was determined by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method and scavenger activity by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pycril-hydrasil radical) method. Lipofuscin 'plant age pigments' were also determined. According to our results, flowers of the red form of M. barbatum exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Orobanchaceae/química , Plantas Medicinales/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Catalasa/metabolismo , Flavonoides/metabolismo , Flores/química , Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Lipofuscina/metabolismo , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/química , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study was designed to examine the antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities of two Allium species, Allium roseum and Allium subhirsutum. This study reports the results concerning bulb, stalk and leaf antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase), quantities of malonyldialdehyde, (*)OH and O(2) (*-) radicals and total antioxidant capacity determined by the FRAP method. Scavenging activities were determined by ESR method. The total antioxidant capacity was the highest in the leaves of Allium roseum. Among the investigated organs the leaves exhibited the highest antioxidant activities in all investigated Allium species. The highest ESR (84.61%) scavenger activity was observed in the leaves of Allium roseum.
Asunto(s)
Allium/química , Antioxidantes/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Catalasa/metabolismo , Espectroscopía de Resonancia por Spin del Electrón , Recuperación de Fluorescencia tras Fotoblanqueo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
The antioxidative properties of bulb, leaf and stalk of Allium ursinum were investigated. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase), quantities of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reduced glutathione and also the contents of total flavonoids, chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids were determined. The extracts from all plant organs exhibited antioxidant activity, the highest having been observed in the leaves. Furthermore, ESR signal of PBN-OH radical adducts in the presence of leaves phosphate buffer (pH 7) extract was reduced for 87.61%.
Asunto(s)
Allium/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Catalasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Allium species are cultivated for the edible bulb, which is used mainly as flavoring in foods. Besides that, they could prevent tumor promotion and some processes that are associated with free radicals, such as cardiovascular diseases and aging. Therefore, different Allium species, both cultivated (Allium nutans L., A. fistulosum L., A. vineale L., A. pskemense B. Fedtsch, A. schoenoprasum L., A. cepa L. and A. sativum L.) and wild (A. flavum L., A. sphaerocephalum L., A. atroviolaceum Boiss, A. vineale L., A. ursinum L., A. scorodoprasum L., A. roseum L. and A. subhirsutum L.), were investigated in order to evaluate the antioxidant properties of their bulbs. This study reports on the results obtained for the bulb antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase), the quantities of non-enzymatic plant antioxidants (reduced glutathione and total flavonoids), the contents of soluble proteins, vitamin C, carotenoids, chlorophylls a and b, as well as for the quantities of malonyldialdehyde and .OH and O2.- radicals.
Asunto(s)
Allium/enzimología , Allium/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Allium/clasificación , Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Carotenoides/metabolismo , Catalasa/metabolismo , Flavonoides/metabolismo , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Especificidad de la Especie , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
The present study investigated the antioxidative properties of root, leaf and stalk of Epilobium angustofolium L. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase), quantities of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reduced glutathione and also the content of total flavonoids, chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids, vitamin C and soluble proteins were determined. The results indicate that extracts from all plant organs exhibited antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the leaves. Radical scavenging capacity (RSC), determined by DPPH assay, was highest in the leaves as well as total reducing power determined by FRAP assay. Lipofuscin 'plant age pigments' were also determined.
Asunto(s)
Epilobium/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/análisis , Pigmentos Biológicos/análisis , Ácido Ascórbico/análisis , Epilobium/enzimología , Flavonoides/análisis , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Radical Hidroxilo/metabolismo , Malondialdehído/análisis , Proteínas de Plantas/análisis , Superóxidos/metabolismoRESUMEN
The scavenger activities of Equisetum arvense, Equisetum ramosissimum and Equisetum telmateia aboveground parts phosphate buffer (pH 7) extracts were evaluated using three different methods: DPPH assay, ESR and NO radical inhibition assay. Total reducing power was determined by FRAP assay. The E. telmateia extract demonstrated the most relevant scavenger and antioxidant properties. ESR signal of DMPO-OH radical adducts in the presence of E. telmateia phosphate buffer (pH 7) extract was reduced to 98.9% which indicated that E. telmateia could be a useful source of antioxidants with huge scavenger ability.
Asunto(s)
Equisetum , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Compuestos de Bifenilo , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/administración & dosificación , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/uso terapéutico , Radicales Libres/química , Humanos , Óxido Nítrico/química , Picratos/química , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The antioxidative properties of bulb, leaf and stalk of Allium giganteum were investigated. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase), quantities of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reduced glutathione and also the content of total flavonoids, chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids, vitamin C and soluble proteins were determined. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the leaves. Furthermore, ESR signal of PBN-OH radical adducts in the presence of leaves phosphate buffer (pH 7) extract was reduced for 74.19%.
Asunto(s)
Allium , Antioxidantes/química , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/química , Humanos , Hojas de la Planta , Raíces de Plantas , Tallos de la PlantaRESUMEN
It has been shown that Allium species may help to prevent tumor promotion, cardiovascular diseases and aging; all processes that are associated with free radicals. Therefore the Allium species of both cultivated species (Allium nutans L., Allium fistulosum L., Allium vineale L., Allium psekemense B. Fedtsch, Allium cepa L., Allium sativum L.) and wild species (Allium flavum L., Allium sphaerocephalum L., Allium atroviolaceum Boiss, Allium schenoprasum L., Allium vineale L., Allium ursinum L., Allium scorodoprasum L.) from various locations were investigated for their antioxidative properties. The leaves were examined for activities of antioxidative enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, superoxide-dismutase, glutathione-peroxidase), non-enzymic antioxidants (reduced glutathione and total flavonoids), content of soluble proteins, vitamin C, carotenoids, chlorophylls a and b, as well as the quantities of malonyldialdehyde and *OH and O2*- radicals. Using a contemporary spectroscopic fluorescent method, lipofuscin, 'plant age pigments' were determined. ESR spectroscopy was used to follow the decrease of oxygen radicals in the presence of extracts of Allium species in phosphate buffer (pH 7). The results showed that all Allium species had strong antioxidative properties due to their high concentration of total flavonoids, high content of carotenoids and chlorophylls, and very low concentrations of toxic oxygen radicals. ESR signals of DMPO-OH radical adducts, in the presence of Allium extracts in phosphate buffer (pH 7), were reduced by up to 94.3%.