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The effects of ROS on functional properties (cytotoxic activity, antibody-producing activity, TNFα synthesis, and free cytosol calcium level), membrane structure (by expression of some surface markers), and apoptosis of lymphocytic cells were estimated in the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. 1O2, [Formula: see text], OH•, and H2O2 mostly suppressed cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and inhibited IgG synthesis and expression of receptors and surface markers (Fc receptors, CD3, CD19, and CD56). The exposure of lymphocytes to H2O2 (10-6 M), 1O2, and OH• was followed by an increase in the level of a secondary messenger, intracellular calcium, in comparison with non-exposed cells. The presence of exogenous calcium in the medium for lymphocyte suspending induced an increase in the number of cells at early and late stages of apoptosis 6 h after exposure to H2O2 and 1O2 in comparison with lymphocytes incubated in Ca2+-free medium.

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We studied the effect of UV light (240-390 nm) in doses of 75.5-4530 J/m(2) on functional properties and level of intracellular messengers (cAMP, Ca(2+), NO) in lymphocytic cells of the peripheral blood. Correcting effects of UV light in a dose of 151 J/m(2) on cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes against Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma and calcium concentration in lymphocyte cytosol were observed. We found that UV light reduces the cAMP content and increases NO concentration (151-4530 J/m(2)) in photomodified cells. The involvement of adenylate cyclase and phosphoinositide signaling pathway into the mechanisms of modulation of functional properties of lymphocytes after exposure to UV light was demonstrated.

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Social, pharmacological, and environmental alterations were responsible for a change in the classical clinical picture of many long-forgotten diseases. The authors comparatively analyzed the clinical picture of parenchymatous keratitis of varying genesis in 16 patients (20 cases) with this condition. The distinguishing characteristics of keratitis were noted in herpes, tuberculosis, syphilis, sarcoidosis, the knowledge of which allows ophthalmologists to make an etiological diagnosis in earlier periods.

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The influence of UV-light (240-390 nm) in dose 75.5-1510 J/m2 on the structural functional qualities (cytotoxic activity, antibody-produced ability, a level of expression of superficial receptors, a level cAMP) of lymphocytes peripheral blood of donors was investigated. Corregative action of UV-radiation on cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes in relation to cells of Ehrlich ascite carcinoma was revealed. The interrelation of modification types of plasmatic membrane components with a level of functional activity of lymphocytes was established. Was shown, that UV-light induces the decrease in a secondary level of messenger cAMP in cytosol of the photomodified cells. It is revealed, that UV-radiation causes stimulation of antibody-independent mechanism of cytotoxic lymphocytes, which is connected with activation of T-cells and with inhibition of antibody-dependent mechanism of cytotoxic activity.

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Carotenoid peridinin absorbs ocean light which could penetrate deep into the water. Absolute and relative contents of symbiotic dinoflagellatae zooxanthellae are increased with depth of habitat of germatypic corals. To estimate whether the presence of peridinin in corals is chromatic adaptation or not, the absorbance of solar radiation by different amounts of peridinin and chlorophyll in natice zooxanthellae cells was evaluated. Calculations have shown that at the great depths the peredinin absorbance corresponds to 42% of total cell absorbance and that the increase of light absorbance correlating with changes of its spectral characteristics is entirely determined by presence of this carotenoid. The increase of amount of peridinin in cell is as much important as important the increase of all other pigments taken together. However, at the same time selective and preferential accumulation of peridinin and the change of its native state in the limits naturally occurred in zooxanthellae cells have only low impact on the light absorbance. The presence of peridinin could be considered as manifestation of chromatic adaptation of organism. The comparison of light absorption by zooxanthellae with different content of peridinin (or without peridinin) reveals that this pigment expands the habitat of hermatypic corals in ocean waters at 8-17 meters into the deep.

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The changes of photo- and peroxide resistance of erythrocytic and lymphocytic cells of human under influence of UV and some active oxygen forms in presence of biogenic amines such as serotonin, dopamine, adrenalin, histamine had been investigated. While investigating the degree of photohemolysis of erythrocytes it was discovered that biogenic compounds raise UV stability of erythrocytic membranes. By using the method of chemiluminescence it was established that biogenic amines increased the degree of peroxide resistance of human erythrocytic and lymphocytic cells. The decrease of the level of erythrocytic diene conjugates under influence of UV by serotonin and histamine was also discovered.

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Nineteen patients with anterior endogenous granulomatous uveitis were examined. Tuberculous and sarcoidosal anterior uveites run by and large similarly, but have some differences. Valid etiological diagnosis of granulomatous uveites requires a complex approach with consideration of extraocular manifestations.

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A study of neurohumoral and functional determinants of the advance of Ischemic heart disease in 39 patients with unstable stenocardia with positive results of loading tests (transesophageal electrocardiostimulation and veloergometry) allowed to reveal a significant reduction of the coronary reserve and regional dysfunction of the myocardium that interrelated with changes of the prostacyclin/thromboxane balance, increase of vasopressin with unchanged angiotensin II value and increased marker of the functional state of thrombocytes--beta-thromboglobulin. These changes may be one of the leading links in the pathogenesis of destabilization.

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The effect of anapriline, corinfar and reserpine on parameters of hemodynamics and plasma testosterone was evaluated in 60 juvenile hypertension patients who achieved pronounced hypotensive response. It was established that the level of sex hormones tended to diminution by the end of the treatment month 1 or 2, this drop being more noticeable in reserpine administration. Basing on this evidence it would be beneficial for patients suffering from juvenile hypertension in need of chemotherapy to take courses of the above drugs.

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A total of 119 patients with myocardial infarction hospitalized within 24 hrs from the disease onset were examined. He-Ne laser irradiation of the blood (daily 40 min sessions for 3-5 days) was carried out in 45 patients (Group 1). The rest 74 patients (Group 2) were administered common therapy. A number of biologically active substances were radioimmunoassayed in the blood of 12 Group 1 and 11 Group 2 patients on days 1, 3, and 7 of the disease. The pain syndrome was alleviated in Group 1 patients, in contrast to Group 2 patients, and the frequencies of ventricular arrhythmias, of heart failures, and of the condition recurrences were reduced, as was the mortality rate. Laser therapy resulted in reduction of the activities of the hypophyseoadrenocortical and aldosteron-renin-angiotensin systems. Besides blood levels of dilatants and proaggregants (PGF2 alpha, vasopressin, angiotensin II) reduced in these patients, whereas vasodilating and antiaggregation hormones (PGE, PGI2) levels increased and the PGI2/TxB2 ratio improved.

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Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and the character of its isoenzyme distribution in pancreas of the human embryos and feti of the 5th-13th-week development were studied. It is shown that LDH activity was rather high already in early periods of the embryonic development, peaks of the enzymic activity were observed after 7-8 and 12-13 weeks. The isoenzymic LDH spectrum was characterized by the presence of four isoenzymes: LDH1, LDH2, LDH3, LDH5. Isoenzyme LDH4 was absent in the human pancreas in all the studied periods of embryonic development. The data obtained evidence for intensity of the glycolysis processes at LDH reaction level in the prenatal ontogenesis period and they reflect most probably the processes of development and differentiation ox cellular populations in the given organ.

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Some experiments were staged to unravel opportunities for prolongation of the period of functioning of allogenic beta-cells in the body of rats with alloxan diabetes using syngeneic antireceptor serum. Wistar rats were recipients, August rats--donors. Antireceptor serum obtained in Wistar rats immunized with syngeneic activated in vivo August rat blood leucocytes, was administered in single doses of 0.5 and 1 ml directly after intrahepatic injection of the islet tissue suspension. The functional indices and results of a histological analysis performed 2.5 mos. after transplantation indicated that a considerable (2.5 mos.) increase in the period of functioning of transplanted cells was noted in animals receiving a lower serum dose.

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A technique of obtaining one-layer cultures of pancreatic islet cells of human embryos of different periods of prenatal development was described. It was shown that cytologic and insulin producing characteristics of cultures were determined by the embryo development period. Cultures obtained by this method can be used in clinical transplantology.

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A total of 143 clinical deaths in cases with favourable prognosis in the acute period of myocardial infarction have been analyzed. It has been found that in 91% of cases the death was caused by primary ventricular fibrillation, in 9% by asystolia.

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