RESUMEN
Periodontal disease is chronic and multifactorial, affecting protection and support tissues of the tooth. Its onset is due to the accumulation of bacterial plaque, in which are found microorganisms, mainly Gram-negative, which stimulate the host cells and the production of immune-inflammatory molecules. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of two techniques of periodontal treatment through clinical parameters and laboratory tests. For this, 42 patients were randomly evaluated and divided into three groups of 14 patients each: Group 1 (control) - periodontally healthy patients; Group 2 - patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis treated with conventional periodontal treatment [quadrant scaling and root planing (Q-SRP)]; and Group 3 - patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis treated with full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP). All of these patients received periodontal treatment and were evaluated using the plaque and gingival indices, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), analysis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) isoform expression and analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), for a total period of 180 days. The results of the periodontal and laboratory parameters did not show significant differences statistically (p > 0.05) when comparing the treatments at 180 days. Therefore, it can be affirmed that both periodontal treatments were effective, but without differences between them. Both treatments improved periodontal and laboratorial clinical parameters significantly. Thus, the professional should evaluate the case and choose the treatment that best suits the needs of the patient and availability.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento do tecido gengival de ratos após a indução experimental de obesidade e doença periodontal. Material e Métodos: Vinte e quatro ratos machos (n=24) foram divididos inicialmente em 2 grupos, que foram submetidos a injeções intradérmicas na região cervical de 4g/kg/dia de solução glutamato monossódico (MSG) (grupo OBS) e 1,25g/kg/dia de solução salina (grupo CTL), nos primeiros 5 dias de vida. Aos 70 dias foi induzida a doença periodontal com a colocação de ligadura nos dentes posteriores dos ratos, após esse procedimento 4 grupos, com 6 ratos cada, foram originados: grupo controle sem ligadura (CTL); grupo controle com ligadura (LIG); obeso sem ligadura (OBS), obeso com ligadura (OBSLIG). Aos 100 dias os ratos foram sacrificados, e a hemimandíbula direita de cada rato foi retirada para a análise morfométrica do tecido gengival. Resultados: A altura do epitélio da crista gengival foi significativamente (p<0,05) maior nos grupos com periodontite induzida (LIG 44,26±0,69; OBSLIG 43,30±1,23). A altura do tecido conjuntivo na região média mostrou-se menor nos grupos CTL (237,44±7,38) e OBS (238,17±0,73), sendo estas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p<0,05) em relação aos demais grupos. Conclusão: A obesidade induzida pelo glutamato monossódico não alterou as características dos tecidos epitelial e conjuntivo da região gengival de ratos. (AU)
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of gingival tissue upon experimentally-induced obesity and periodontitis in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were initially divided into 2 groups. Animals were subjected to intradermal injections of 4 g/kg/day Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and 1.25 g/kg/day saline solution (control group, CTRL) in the cervical region for their first 5 days of life. At 70 days, the groups were subdivided into 2 other groups. A ligature placed around their 1st mandibular molars was used to induce periodontitis. Accordingly, a total of 4 groups were formed, with 6 animals each: ligature-free control group (CTRL); control group with ligature (LIG); ligature-free obese group (OBS); obese group with ligature (OBSLIG). After 100 days, animals were sacrificed and their right hemi-jaws were dissected for morphometric analysis. Results: The height of the gingival crest epithelium was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the groups with induced periodontitis (LIG 44.26±0.69; OBSLIG 43.30±1.23). The height of the connective tissue in the middle region was found to be lower in CTRL (237.44±7.38) and OBS groups (238.17±0.73), with statistically significant differences (p<0.05) as compared to the other groups. Conclusion: MSG-induced obesity did not change the characteristics of the gingival epithelium and connective tissues in rats. (AU)