RESUMEN
CAT was carried out in 110 patients with gastric carcinoma and its findings compared with the intraoperative findings. CAT involved a polypositional scanning (depending on the tumor site) against the background of oral contrast label of the stomach and intestine. CAT potentialities in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma, assessment of the tumor size and involvement of the adjacent organs and structures, detection of the metastases were studied. Use of CAT in complex with other methods will help choose the optimal treatment strategy and determine the volume of supposed surgical intervention.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologíaRESUMEN
A pedagogical experiment was used to study the effectiveness of a system of program-purpose teaching in postgraduate training of radiologists differing from the classic methods aimed at end goals. A total of 150 pedagogical tests on 240 students using parallel and cross methods were performed. The use of the system of program-purpose teaching intensifies the physician's activities, increases the effectiveness of acquiring professional habits and their retention.
Asunto(s)
Educación de Postgrado en Medicina , Radiología/educación , Enseñanza , Evaluación Educacional , U.R.S.S.RESUMEN
The paper is devoted to the development of a system of program-oriented postgraduate education of radiologists based methodologically on acquiring professional knowledge and skills. Educational goals were adapted for each subject area. Matrix analysis and plotting of a logical structure graph were used for a choice of the final goals of education. The subject matter is in full accord with the educational goals, based upon the qualification characteristics of radiologists. The developed and published methodological materials make it possible to control the students' activities during extracurricular training and practical work in x-ray units and at seminars. Directed text control is used for the estimation of efficacy and correction of education.
Asunto(s)
Educación Médica Continua/organización & administración , Radiología/educación , Humanos , UcraniaRESUMEN
Combined clinical and x-ray investigation of 100 patients operated on for pyloroduodenal ulcerative stenoses was conducted. Methods of polypositional and polyprojectional x-ray investigation including a double contrast study and a differentiated use of cholinolytic and cholinomimetic drugs were standardized. The x-ray classification of stenosis was improved on the basis of radiological and surgical correlations and quantitative analysis of indices characterizing a degree of stenosis compensation. Criteria for the determination of a degree of stenosis were worked out.
Asunto(s)
Úlcera Duodenal/diagnóstico por imagen , Estenosis Pilórica/diagnóstico por imagen , Úlcera Gástrica/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Úlcera Duodenal/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estenosis Pilórica/etiología , Radiografía , Úlcera Gástrica/complicacionesAsunto(s)
Neumonía Neumocócica/inmunología , Neumonía Estafilocócica/inmunología , Esputo/microbiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Humanos , Inmunidad Innata , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neumonía Neumocócica/microbiología , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Streptococcus pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
In this work the data obtained in the quantitative investigations of sputum samples from 106 miners having acute pneumonia are presented. These investigations were carried out twice at the peak of the disease to determine the possible infective agent. The virological study of nasal impression smears by immunofluorescence and the serological study of paired sera made it possible to establish the viral and bacterial nature of the disease in 12% of cases. The expediency of the quantitative investigations of sputum, carried out twice, in combination with the study of the biological properties of opportunistic microorganisms was shown. Streptococcus pneumoniae proved to play the most important etiological role in the appearance of acute pneumonia in miners. This infective agent was detected in 82% of patients by the inoculation of sputum samples in "diagnostic" dilutions (10(-5) and higher). The associations of pneumococci with staphylococci, hemolytic bacteria and Neisseria were found to be capable of playing a significant role in the development of acute inflammation in pulmonary tissue, especially in those cases when these associations were isolated from highly diluted sputum (10(-5)).