RESUMEN
The paper presents an evaluation of efficiency and economic potential of the phytoremediation technology, based on the use of energy crops (P. arundinacea L. and B. Napus L.), combined with the fertilization with compost, supported by the addition of nano SiO2. The experiment was conducted in in-situ conditions, using two experimental blocks, divided according to used plant species. Each block included four types of plots with different fertilization treatments (control plots; treatment with nano SiO2; treatment with compost; treatment with mixture of compost and nano SiO2). During the studied period (three vegetation seasons), a cyclic analysis of 16 PAH's content were conducted. Furthermore, a quantitative determination of biomass production was performed as well as assessment of economic potential of different strategies. Data collected during research, shows that method based on energy crops use, due to the join effect of the dangerous pollutants removal and the production of removable energy resource, can be considered as sustainable and should be recommended for use during heavy polluted soil remediation. Moreover, it should be also noted, that the best results for both PAH's removal efficiency and biomass production, were acquired on plots with P. arundinacea L. cultivation, fertilized with mix of compost and nano SiO2.
Asunto(s)
Brassica napus , Compostaje , Phalaris , Contaminantes del Suelo , Biodegradación Ambiental , Dióxido de Silicio , SueloRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biodegradation kinetics in soils fertilized with organic amendments (sewage sludge, compost), bulking agents (mineral sorbent, silicon dioxide in form of nano powder), and novel compositions of those materials. The scope of conducted works includes a cyclic CO2 production measurements and the determinations of PAHs content in soil samples, before and after 3-months of incubation. Obtained results show that the use of both type of organic fertilizers have a positive effect on the PAHs removal from soil. However, the CO2 emission remains higher only in the first stage of the process. The best acquired means in terms of PAHs removal as well as most sustained CO2 production were noted in samples treated with the mixtures of organic fertilizers and bulking agents. In conclusion the addition of structural forming materials to the organic fertilizers was critical for the soil bioremediation efficiency. Therefore, the practical implementation of collected data could find a wide range of applications during the design of new, more effective solutions for the soil bioremediation purposes.
Asunto(s)
Fertilizantes , Hidrocarburos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análisis , Aguas del Alcantarillado/química , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Suelo/química , Biodegradación Ambiental , Dióxido de Carbono/análisis , Cinética , Nanopartículas/química , Dióxido de Silicio/químicaRESUMEN
Sewage sludge, in particular from the food industry, is characterized by fertilizing properties, due to the high content of organic matter and nutrients. The application of sewage sludge causes an improvement of soil parameters as well as increase in cation exchange capacity, and thus stronger binding of cations in the soil environment, which involves the immobilization of nutrients and greater resistance to contamination. In a field experiment sewage sludge has been used as an additive to the soil supporting the phytoremediation process of land contaminated with heavy metals (Cd, Zn, and Pb) using trees species: Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), and oak (Quercus robur L.). The aim of the research was to determine how the application of sewage sludge into the soil surface improves the phytoremediation process. The conducted field experiment demonstrated that selected trees like Scots pine and Norway spruce, because of its excellent adaptability, can be used in the remediation of soil. Oak should not be used in the phytoremediation process of soils contaminated with high concentrations of trace elements in the soil, because a significant amount of heavy metals was accumulated in the leaves of oak causing a risk of recontamination.