RESUMEN
The article discloses postulates of theoretical concepts that make the methodological basis for addressing the real-world aviation medicine challenges of humanizing aviator's environment, labor content and means, and health and performance maintenance. Under consideration are focal fundamental and practical issues arising with the technological progress in aviation and dealt with at the AF CRI Research Test Center of Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics.
Asunto(s)
Medicina Aeroespacial/historia , Investigación Biomédica/historia , Ergonomía/historia , Medicina Militar/historia , Sociedades Médicas/historia , Teoría de Sistemas , Aniversarios y Eventos Especiales , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
Short-time sea submarine raids (from a few days to a few weeks), performed during one working cycle, negatively influence on the functional state of the submariners organism. Upon returning to the point of basing the crew involved in the maintenance of the material and performs preparations for further access to the sea. Due to the high workload and lack of time personnel are not held in any correctional and rehabilitation activities, and therefore the time for the next release in the sea functional condition and functional reserves of the body does not have time to fully recover. The transfer of the submarine crew and referral to medical and psychological rehabilitation assumed only after the end of the operating cycle after the crew the task of further voyage. Based on the assessment of the functional systems of the submarine after a short voyage concluded on the need to develop a set of remedial measures for the recovery of submarine crews during inter-cruise period.
Asunto(s)
Estado de Salud , Personal Militar/psicología , Rehabilitación Psiquiátrica , Medicina Submarina , Carga de Trabajo/psicología , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The article is dedicated to the history of formation and development of the oldest aviation medicine department and its role in a flight safety of the North Fleet naval aviation. The aviation medicine laboratory was created in the years of the Great Patriotic war for medical backup of flights, medical review board, delivering of combat casualty care, prophylaxis of hypothermia and exhaustion of flight and ground crew. In a post-war period the aviation medicine laboratory made a great contribution to development of medical backup of educational and combat activity of the North Fleet aviation. Participation in cosmonaut applicants selection (incl. Yu.A. Gagarin), optimization of flight services during the transmeridian flights, research of carrier-based aircraft habitability and body state of the contingent during the longstanding ship-based aviation, development of treatment methods for functional status of sea-based aviation crew are the achievements of aviation medicine laboratory. Nowadays medicine laboratory is performing a research and practice, methodic and consultative activity with the aim of improving the system of medical backup, aviation medicine, psychology, flight safety, improvement of air crew health, prolong of flying proficiency.
Asunto(s)
Medicina Aeroespacial/historia , Laboratorios de Hospital/historia , Medicina Militar/historia , Medicina Naval/historia , Medicina Aeroespacial/métodos , Aniversarios y Eventos Especiales , Femenino , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Masculino , Medicina Militar/métodos , Medicina Naval/métodosRESUMEN
A long-termed navy march of crash shupborn group of Northern Navy became a sign-oriented event in the life of the Armed Forces. After more then 10 years cessation this march signed recommencement of permanent Russia navy attendance in strategically important areas of the World Ocean. The authors highlight work of military-navy specialists in conditions of this march. The most important peculiarity of this march was participation of a hard aircraft carrier "Navy Admiral of the Soviet Union N.G.Kuznetsov". Activity of aircraft staff in carrying out the boardings and the deck starts requires the highest mobilization of all psycho-physiological resources. There was effectuated a complex medical-psychophysiological research of functional condition of aircraft and engineer staff of the group during the service. Also there was effectuated an operative recovery of functional condition among sailors and officers of the ship staff. Method of neuronsemantic diagnostics of psychological disadaptation and suicide risk was used during the analyze of groups of risk. The results of the analyze permitted to educe main psychotraumatizing factors, to form recommendations on psycho-correction, organization-educative measures taking into account individual peculiarities of motivation sphere and cognitive sensitivity. There were effectuated different trainings of moralities, communicativeness, strategy of negotiation and stress-managment in cooperation with the psychologist of the ship.
Asunto(s)
Medicina Naval/organización & administración , Psicología Militar/organización & administración , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The experiments on white mice have shown CCl4 to induce 24 hours after its injection focal changes in the liver, such as hepatocyte necrotization accompanied by lell organoid destruction, drastic reduction in glycogen content and increased fat content, as well as considerable decline in the activity of aerobic and anaerobic metabolic enzymes. Liposome administration attenuated the lytic effect of poison, promoting the integrity of subcellular hepatocyte structures. Distrophic changes in the latter led to increased glycogen content lower lipid level and intensified bioenergic processes.