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Neofavolus teixeirae sp. nov. (Basidiomycota) is described and illustrated based on specimens collected from a reforestation area in southeastern Brazil. This new species is characterized by a lateral stipe up to 1.3 cm long, lacerate and angular pores measuring 0.5-2 (-2.5) per mm, and cylindrical to subcylindrical basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and LSU regions confirmed its phylogenetic placement and taxonomic identity. A key to Neofavolus species is presented.
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Objetivo: Apresentar o Observatório da Enfermagem como um veículo oficial de comunicação do Sistema Conselho Federal de Enfermagem/Conselhos Regionais de Enfermagem, sobre a situação epidemiológica da COVID-19 na Enfermagem brasileira. Método: Estudo sobre o desenvolvimento de um sistema eletrônico, do tipo observatório, construído pelo Departamento de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação, do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem, com o intuito de acompanhar a epidemiologia da COVID-19 entre os profissionais de Enfermagem. Resultados: O Observatório da Enfermagem é um sistema que possui um formulário eletrônico estruturado, o qual permite a coleta e análise de dados sobre a propagação da COVID-19 nos profissionais de Enfermagem em todo o território nacional. A criação, implantação e implementação do Observatório da Enfermagem e suas quatro etapas deram origem ao painel de indicadores com a notificação de casos de infecção e óbitos de profissionais de Enfermagem pela COVID-19. Considerações Finais: O Observatório da Enfermagem como sistema de informação sobre a incidência de casos e a ocorrência de óbitos por COVID-19 tem se mostrado uma importante ferramenta gerencial para tomada de decisão em todo o território nacional, seja pelas entidades de Enfermagem ou pelos Gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde nas três esferas de governo e da inciativa privada; bem como tem contribuído para dá maior visibilidade ao trabalho dos profissionais de Enfermagem e desvelar as precárias condições de trabalho a que estes estão expostos, junto à população e a imprensa. (AU)
Objective: To present the Nursing Observatory as an official communication vehicle of the Federal Nursing Council/Regional Nursing Councils system, on the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in Brazilian Nursing. Method: Study on the development of an observatory-type electronic system, built by the Department of Information and Communication Technology, of the Federal Nursing Council, in order to monitor the epidemiology of COVID-19 among nursing professionals. Results: The Nursing Observatory is a system that has a structured electronic form, which allows the collection and analysis of data on the spread of COVID-19 among nursing professionals across the national territory. The creation, implementation and implementation of the Nursing Observatory and its four stages gave rise to the panel of indicators with the notification of cases of infection and deaths of nursing professionals by COVID-19. Final Considerations: The Nursing Observatory as an information system on the incidence of cases and the occurrence of deaths by COVID-19 has been shown to be an important managerial tool for decision making throughout the national territory, whether by Nursing entities or Managers the Unified Health System in the three spheres of government and the private initiative; as well as it has contributed to give greater visibility to the work of Nursing professionals and to reveal the precarious working conditions to which they are exposed, together with the population and the press. (AU)
Objetivo: Presentar el Observatorio de Enfermería como vehículo de comunicación oficial del sistema del Consejo Federal de Enfermería / Consejos Regionales de Enfermería, sobre la situación epidemiológica de COVID-19 en la Enfermería brasileña. Método: Estudio sobre el desarrollo de un sistema electrónico de tipo observatorio, construido por el Departamento de Tecnología de la Información y la Comunicación, del Consejo Federal de Enfermería, para monitorear la epidemiología de COVID-19 entre los profesionales de enfermería. Resultados: El Observatorio de Enfermería es un sistema que tiene una forma electrónica estructurada, que permite la recopilación y el análisis de datos sobre la propagación de COVID-19 entre los profesionales de enfermería en todo el territorio nacional. La creación, implementación e implementación del Observatorio de Enfermería y sus cuatro etapas dieron lugar al panel de indicadores con la notificación de casos de infección y muerte de profesionales de enfermería por COVID-19. Consideraciones finales: El Observatorio de Enfermería como un sistema de información sobre la incidencia de casos y la ocurrencia de muertes por COVID-19 ha demostrado ser una importante herramienta de gestión para la toma de decisiones en todo el territorio nacional, ya sea por entidades de enfermería o gerentes el Sistema Único de Salud en las tres esferas del gobierno y la iniciativa privada; así como ha contribuido a dar mayor visibilidad al trabajo de los profesionales de enfermería y a revelar las precarias condiciones de trabajo a las que están expuestos, junto con la población y la prensa. (AU)
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Enfermería , Infecciones por Coronavirus , Pandemias , Enfermeras PracticantesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the alpha galactosidase A gene (GLA) that lead to the enzymatic deficiency of alpha galactosidase (α-Gal A), resulting in the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3), causing multiple organ dysfunctions. OBJECTIVE: To perform GLA gene screening in a group of patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted with HCM patients from a university hospital. Patients with coronary artery disease and valvulopathies were excluded. Mutation analysis of the GLA gene was performed. In male subjects, the analysis was performed after evidence of low α-Gal A activity. RESULTS: 60 patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of HCM were included. Age ranged from 12 to 85 years and 60% were women. Mean myocardial fibrosis percentage on MRI was 10.7 ± 13.1% and mean ventricular thickness was18.7 ± 6.7 mm. Four patients had the following GLA gene mutations: c.967C>A (p.Pro323Thr), not yet described in the literature; c.937G>T (p.Asp313Tyr); and c.352C>T (p.Arg118Cys). All patients had normal levels of lyso-Gb3 and non-ischemic myocardial fibrosis on magnetic resonance imaging; one patient had proteinuria and one patient had ventricular tachycardia. CONCLUSION: in this study, the frequency of mutation in the GLA gene in patients with HCM was 6.7%. A novel mutation in exon 6 of the GLA gene, c.967C>A (p.Pro323Thr), was identified. Patients with HCM may have GLA mutations and FD should be ruled out. Plasma (lyso-Gb3) levels do not seem to be sufficient to attain a diagnosis and organ biopsy should be considered.
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Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/genética , Enfermedad de Fabry/genética , Mutación/genética , alfa-Galactosidasa/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/diagnóstico por imagen , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/etiología , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Ecocardiografía , Enfermedad de Fabry/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Fabry/diagnóstico , Femenino , Pruebas Genéticas , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Abstract Background: Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the alpha galactosidase A gene (GLA) that lead to the enzymatic deficiency of alpha galactosidase (α-Gal A), resulting in the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3), causing multiple organ dysfunctions. Objective: To perform GLA gene screening in a group of patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with HCM patients from a university hospital. Patients with coronary artery disease and valvulopathies were excluded. Mutation analysis of the GLA gene was performed. In male subjects, the analysis was performed after evidence of low α-Gal A activity. Results: 60 patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of HCM were included. Age ranged from 12 to 85 years and 60% were women. Mean myocardial fibrosis percentage on MRI was 10.7 ± 13.1% and mean ventricular thickness was18.7 ± 6.7 mm. Four patients had the following GLA gene mutations: c.967C>A (p.Pro323Thr), not yet described in the literature; c.937G>T (p.Asp313Tyr); and c.352C>T (p.Arg118Cys). All patients had normal levels of lyso-Gb3 and non-ischemic myocardial fibrosis on magnetic resonance imaging; one patient had proteinuria and one patient had ventricular tachycardia. Conclusion: in this study, the frequency of mutation in the GLA gene in patients with HCM was 6.7%. A novel mutation in exon 6 of the GLA gene, c.967C>A (p.Pro323Thr), was identified. Patients with HCM may have GLA mutations and FD should be ruled out. Plasma (lyso-Gb3) levels do not seem to be sufficient to attain a diagnosis and organ biopsy should be considered.
Resumo Fundamento: A doença de Fabry (DF) é uma doença de armazenamento lisossômico ligada ao cromossomo X, devido a mutações no gene da alfa galactosidase A (GLA), levando a deficiência enzimática de alfa-galactosidase (α-Gal A) e acúmulo de globotriaosilceramida (Gb3) e globotriaosilsulfingosina (liso-Gb3), causando disfunção de múltiplos órgãos. Objetivo: realizar a triagem do gene GLA em um grupo de pacientes com diagnóstico ecocardiográfico de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH). Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com pacientes com CMH em um hospital universitário. Pacientes com doença arterial coronariana e valvopatias foram excluídos. Foi realizada análise de mutação do gene GLA. Em indivíduos do sexo masculino, a análise foi realizada após evidência de baixa atividade de α-Gal A. Resultados: Foram incluídos 60 pacientes com diagnostico ecocardiográfico de CMH. A idade variou de 12 a 85 anos e 60% eram mulheres. O percentual médio de fibrose miocárdica na RM foi 10,7 ± 13,1% e a espessura ventricular média foi 18,7 ± 6,7 mm. Quatro pacientes tinham as seguintes mutações do GLA: c.967C>A (p.Pro323Thr), ainda não descrita na literatura; c.937G>T (p.Asp313Tyr); e c.352C>T (p.Arg118Cys). Todos os pacientes apresentavam níveis normais de liso-Gb3 e fibrose miocárdica não isquêmica na ressonância magnética; um paciente apresentou proteinúria; um paciente apresentou taquicardia ventricular. Conclusão: Neste estudo, a frequência de mutação no gene GLA em pacientes com CMH foi 6,7%. Uma nova mutação no exon 6 do gene GLA, c.967C>A (p.Pro323Thr), foi identificada. Pacientes com CMH podem ter mutações do GLA e a DF deve ser excluída. Os níveis plasmáticos de (liso-Gb3) não parecem ser suficientes para fazer um diagnóstico e biópsia de órgãos deve ser considerada.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Adulto Joven , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/genética , alfa-Galactosidasa/genética , Mutación/genética , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/etiología , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Ecocardiografía , Pruebas Genéticas , Estudios Transversales , Enfermedad de Fabry/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Fabry/diagnósticoRESUMEN
The present paper presents the study of (1) the optimization of electrochemical-free chlorine production using an experimental design approach, and (2) the application of the optimum conditions obtained for the application in photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of simulated textile effluent. In the experimental design the influence of inter-electrode gap, pH, NaCl concentration and current was considered. It was observed that the four variables studied are significant for the process, with NaCl concentration and current being the most significant variables for free chlorine production. The maximum free chlorine production was obtained at a current of 2.33â A and NaCl concentrations in 0.96â molâ dm-3. The application of the optimized conditions with simultaneous UV irradiation resulted in up to 83.1% Total Organic Carbon removal and 100% of colour removal over 180â min of electrolysis. The results indicate that a systematic (statistical) approach to the electrochemical treatment of pollutants can save time and reagents.
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Contaminantes Ambientales , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Cloro , Electrólisis , Oxidación-Reducción , Proyectos de Investigación , Industria TextilRESUMEN
The present study aimed to use a Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to identify and classify shod and barefoot running as well as rearfoot and forefoot landings. Ten habitually shod runners ran at self-selected speed. Thigh and leg muscle surface electromyography (EMG) were recorded. Discrete Wavelet transformation (DWT) and Fast Fourier transformation (FFT) were used for the assembly of vectors for training and classification of a SVM. Using the FFT coefficients for the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles presented the best results for differentiating between rearfoot/forefoot running in the window before foot-floor contact possibly due to these muscles' critical role in determining which part of the foot will first touch the floor. The classification rate was 76% and 67% respectively, with a probability of being random of 0.5% and 4% respectively. For the same terms and conditions of classification, the DWT produced a reduction in the percentage of correctness of 60% and 53% with a probability of having reached these levels randomly of 15% and 35%. In conclusion, based on EMG signals, the use a FFT to train a SVM was a better option to differentiate running forefoot/rearfoot than to use the DWT. Shod/barefoot running could not be differentiated.
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Essential oils are the most important compounds produced during secondary metabolism in aromatic plants. Essential oils are volatile, have characteristic odor and are used as defensive agents by plants. In pepper, it is possible to say that essential oils are the flavor fingerprint of each species. In the present article, eight species of pepper were studied in order to extract their essential oils and oleoresins, test their antibacterial and antifungal activities and also to identify the compounds present in the most bioactive samples. Results demonstrated that two essential oils [Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. and Schinus terebinthifolius] and three oleoresins (Schinus terebinthifolius and Piper nigrum white and black) recorded significant antimicrobial activity. These active essential oils and oleoresins are interesting for use in biotechnological processes employed in food, pharmaceutical and other industries.
Os óleos essenciais são os compostos mais importantes produzidos durante o metabolismo secundário de plantas aromáticas. No caso das pimentas, é possível afirmar que os óleos essenciais são a impressão digital do sabor de cada espécie. No presente artigo, oito espécies de pimenta foram estudadas a fim de extrair seus óleos essenciais e oleoresinas, testar a sua atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica, bem como, identificar os compostos presentes nas amostras mais ativas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que dois óleos essenciais (Pimenta dioica e Schinus terebinthifolius) e três oleoresinas (Schinus terebinthifolius e Piper nigrum branco e preto) apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana significativa. Esses óleos essenciais e oleoresinas bioativos mostram-se interessantes para a utilização em processos biotecnológicos empregados na indústria alimentar, farmacêutica e outras indústrias.
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Pimenta/fisiología , Aceites Volátiles/análisis , Aceites Volátiles/química , Antiinfecciosos/análisis , BiotecnologíaRESUMEN
Essential oils are the most important compounds produced during secondary metabolism in aromatic plants. Essential oils are volatile, have characteristic odor and are used as defensive agents by plants. In pepper, it is possible to say that essential oils are the flavor fingerprint of each species. In the present article, eight species of pepper were studied in order to extract their essential oils and oleoresins, test their antibacterial and antifungal activities and also to identify the compounds present in the most bioactive samples. Results demonstrated that two essential oils [Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. and Schinus terebinthifolius] and three oleoresins (Schinus terebinthifolius and Piper nigrum white and black) recorded significant antimicrobial activity. These active essential oils and oleoresins are interesting for use in biotechnological processes employed in food, pharmaceutical and other industries.(AU)
Os óleos essenciais são os compostos mais importantes produzidos durante o metabolismo secundário de plantas aromáticas. No caso das pimentas, é possível afirmar que os óleos essenciais são a impressão digital do sabor de cada espécie. No presente artigo, oito espécies de pimenta foram estudadas a fim de extrair seus óleos essenciais e oleoresinas, testar a sua atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica, bem como, identificar os compostos presentes nas amostras mais ativas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que dois óleos essenciais (Pimenta dioica e Schinus terebinthifolius) e três oleoresinas (Schinus terebinthifolius e Piper nigrum branco e preto) apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana significativa. Esses óleos essenciais e oleoresinas bioativos mostram-se interessantes para a utilização em processos biotecnológicos empregados na indústria alimentar, farmacêutica e outras indústrias.(AU)
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Aceites Volátiles/análisis , Aceites Volátiles/química , Pimenta/fisiología , Biotecnología , Antiinfecciosos/análisisRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Essential oils are the most important compounds produced during secondary metabolism in aromatic plants. Essential oils are volatile, have characteristic odor and are used as defensive agents by plants. In pepper, it is possible to say that essential oils are the “flavor fingerprint” of each species. In the present article, eight species of pepper were studied in order to extract their essential oils and oleoresins, test their antibacterial and antifungal activities and also to identify the compounds present in the most bioactive samples. Results demonstrated that two essential oils [Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. and Schinus terebinthifolius] and three oleoresins (Schinus terebinthifolius and Piper nigrum white and black) recorded significant antimicrobial activity. These active essential oils and oleoresins are interesting for use in biotechnological processes employed in food, pharmaceutical and other industries.
RESUMO: Os óleos essenciais são os compostos mais importantes produzidos durante o metabolismo secundário de plantas aromáticas. No caso das pimentas, é possível afirmar que os óleos essenciais são a “impressão digital do sabor” de cada espécie. No presente artigo, oito espécies de pimenta foram estudadas a fim de extrair seus óleos essenciais e oleoresinas, testar a sua atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica, bem como, identificar os compostos presentes nas amostras mais ativas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que dois óleos essenciais (Pimenta dioica e Schinus terebinthifolius) e três oleoresinas (Schinus terebinthifolius e Piper nigrum branco e preto) apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana significativa. Esses óleos essenciais e oleoresinas bioativos mostram-se interessantes para a utilização em processos biotecnológicos empregados na indústria alimentar, farmacêutica e outras indústrias.
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ABSTRACT: Essential oils are the most important compounds produced during secondary metabolism in aromatic plants. Essential oils are volatile, have characteristic odor and are used as defensive agents by plants. In pepper, it is possible to say that essential oils are the flavor fingerprint of each species. In the present article, eight species of pepper were studied in order to extract their essential oils and oleoresins, test their antibacterial and antifungal activities and also to identify the compounds present in the most bioactive samples. Results demonstrated that two essential oils [Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. and Schinus terebinthifolius] and three oleoresins (Schinus terebinthifolius and Piper nigrum white and black) recorded significant antimicrobial activity. These active essential oils and oleoresins are interesting for use in biotechnological processes employed in food, pharmaceutical and other industries.
RESUMO: Os óleos essenciais são os compostos mais importantes produzidos durante o metabolismo secundário de plantas aromáticas. No caso das pimentas, é possível afirmar que os óleos essenciais são a impressão digital do sabor de cada espécie. No presente artigo, oito espécies de pimenta foram estudadas a fim de extrair seus óleos essenciais e oleoresinas, testar a sua atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica, bem como, identificar os compostos presentes nas amostras mais ativas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que dois óleos essenciais (Pimenta dioica e Schinus terebinthifolius) e três oleoresinas (Schinus terebinthifolius e Piper nigrum branco e preto) apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana significativa. Esses óleos essenciais e oleoresinas bioativos mostram-se interessantes para a utilização em processos biotecnológicos empregados na indústria alimentar, farmacêutica e outras indústrias.
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The goal of this study was to assess the population structure of Pseudis bolbodactyla Lutz, 1925 using natural markings to identify individuals. Recruitment, survival, and population size estimations were obtained using the Jolly-Seber stochastic method. A total of 166 individuals were captured, and the striped, spotted, and dotted patterns that make their recognition possible were recorded. Of the specimens captured, 27 were recaptured, including some at pre and post-metamorphic stages. The estimate maximum population size was 52. The indices of survival and recruitment varied among samplings. Sexual dimorphism in size and in the operational sex ratio were detected. Despite the limited scope of our characterization of the P. bolbodactyla population, our data might be useful in the interpretation and elaboration of new hypotheses about ecological processes acting on anuran populations.
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The goal of this study was to assess the population structure of Pseudis bolbodactyla Lutz, 1925 using natural markings to identify individuals. Recruitment, survival, and population size estimations were obtained using the Jolly-Seber stochastic method. A total of 166 individuals were captured, and the striped, spotted, and dotted patterns that make their recognition possible were recorded. Of the specimens captured, 27 were recaptured, including some at pre and post-metamorphic stages. The estimate maximum population size was 52. The indices of survival and recruitment varied among samplings. Sexual dimorphism in size and in the operational sex ratio were detected. Despite the limited scope of our characterization of the P. bolbodactyla population, our data might be useful in the interpretation and elaboration of new hypotheses about ecological processes acting on anuran populations.
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The goal of this study was to assess the population structure of Pseudis bolbodactyla Lutz, 1925 using natural markings to identify individuals. Recruitment, survival, and population size estimations were obtained using the Jolly-Seber stochastic method. A total of 166 individuals were captured, and the striped, spotted, and dotted patterns that make their recognition possible were recorded. Of the specimens captured, 27 were recaptured, including some at pre and post-metamorphic stages. The estimate maximum population size was 52. The indices of survival and recruitment varied among samplings. Sexual dimorphism in size and in the operational sex ratio were detected. Despite the limited scope of our characterization of the P. bolbodactyla population, our data might be useful in the interpretation and elaboration of new hypotheses about ecological processes acting on anuran populations.
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The goal of this study was to assess the population structure of Pseudis bolbodactyla Lutz, 1925 using natural markings to identify individuals. Recruitment, survival, and population size estimations were obtained using the Jolly-Seber stochastic method. A total of 166 individuals were captured, and the striped, spotted, and dotted patterns that make their recognition possible were recorded. Of the specimens captured, 27 were recaptured, including some at pre and post-metamorphic stages. The estimate maximum population size was 52. The indices of survival and recruitment varied among samplings. Sexual dimorphism in size and in the operational sex ratio were detected. Despite the limited scope of our characterization of the P. bolbodactyla population, our data might be useful in the interpretation and elaboration of new hypotheses about ecological processes acting on anuran populations.
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The goal of this study was to assess the population structure of Pseudis bolbodactyla Lutz, 1925 using natural markings to identify individuals. Recruitment, survival, and population size estimations were obtained using the Jolly-Seber stochastic method. A total of 166 individuals were captured, and the striped, spotted, and dotted patterns that make their recognition possible were recorded. Of the specimens captured, 27 were recaptured, including some at pre and post-metamorphic stages. The estimate maximum population size was 52. The indices of survival and recruitment varied among samplings. Sexual dimorphism in size and in the operational sex ratio were detected. Despite the limited scope of our characterization of the P. bolbodactyla population, our data might be useful in the interpretation and elaboration of new hypotheses about ecological processes acting on anuran populations.
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Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder biochemically characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in late endosomes and lysosomes of the affected patients. N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin is the only approved drug for patients with NPC disease. It inhibits glycosphingolipid synthesis, therefore reducing intracellular lipid storage. Although the mechanisms underlying the neurologic damage in the NPC disease are not yet well established, in vitro and in vivo studies suggest an involvement of reactive species in the pathophysiology of this disease. In this work we aimed to evaluate parameters of lipid and protein oxidation, measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBA-RS) and protein carbonyl formation, respectively, as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in plasma, erythrocytes and fibroblasts from NPC1 patients, at diagnosis and during treatment with N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin. We found a significant increase of TBA-RS in plasma and fibroblasts, as well as increased protein carbonyl formation and decreased total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma of untreated NPC1 patients as compared to the control group. In addition, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was increased, whereas CAT and SOD activities were normal in these patients. We also observed that patients treated with N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin normalized plasma TBA-RS and TAS, as well as erythrocyte GSH-Px activity. Taken together, the present data indicate that oxidative stress is increased in patients with NPC1 disease and that treatment with N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin is able to confer protection against this pathological process.
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1-Desoxinojirimicina/análogos & derivados , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/fisiopatología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , 1-Desoxinojirimicina/farmacología , 1-Desoxinojirimicina/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Catalasa/metabolismo , Niño , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Glutatión/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactante , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Enfermedad de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/sangre , Enfermedad de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/patología , Plasma/efectos de los fármacos , Carbonilación Proteica/efectos de los fármacos , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Postintubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) is associated with an increased use of assisted ventilation in intensive care units. We investigated both collagen type I accumulation and myofibroblast localization in human PITS lesions excised for surgical therapeutic procedures, compared with normal tracheas. METHODS: We analyzed 2 segments of normal tracheas and 10 segments of PITS that were stained by hematoxylin-eosin and picrosirius red techniques and processed for immunohistochemistry using antibodies against both α-smooth muscle actin (α-sma) for myofibroblast detection, and collagen type I. RESULTS: We showed a significant increase in collagen deposition in PITS specimens compared with normal tracheas. We found spindle-shaped α-sma-positive cells (myofibroblasts) in the subepithelial layer of all pathologic tracheas, and the persistence of an intense myofibroblast network at PITS sites. CONCLUSIONS: Tracheal wall thickening in PITS is due to a deranged collagen remodeling that is related to myofibroblast activation.
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Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Miofibroblastos/citología , Tráquea/metabolismo , Estenosis Traqueal/metabolismo , Adulto , Diferenciación Celular , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miofibroblastos/metabolismo , Tráquea/patología , Estenosis Traqueal/patología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This study aimed to clarify the correct localization of the mandibular canal (MC) that is essential in order to avoid injuries to the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle during oral surgical procedures. METHODS: We have analyzed the position of the MC using computed tomography data bank examinations of the oral region from 50 partially dentulous Brazilian patients aging from 25 to 75 years old (mean ± SD values = 51.70 ± 4.50; females = 27; males = 23) that were obtained with the purpose of dental restoration and without any gross pathology of the mandible. Axial images were 1-mm-thick slices using bone regular algorithm, without intravenous contrast. RESULTS: We have measured (mean ± SD) the orthogonal distances between the MC and the following selected regions of the mandible: (a) the buccal cortical plate (6.10 ± 1.52 mm); (b) the inferior border of the mandible (10.55 ± 2.28 mm); (c) the lingual cortical plate (3.98 ± 1.14 mm); and (d) the superior border of the alveolar process (16.98 ± 2.85 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Our morphometric findings may help clarifying the detailed anatomy of the MC and its topographical relations for the planning of dental implantation.
Asunto(s)
Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagen , Mandíbula/inervación , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto , Anciano , Algoritmos , Análisis de Varianza , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Interpretación de Imagen Radiográfica Asistida por Computador , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Gaucher disease is a sphingolipidosis that leads to an accumulation of glucosylceramide. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology, based on the extraction, purification and quantification of glucosylceramide from blood plasma, for use in clinical research laboratories. Comparison of the glucosylceramide content in plasma from Gaucher disease patients, submitted to enzyme replacement therapy or otherwise, against that from normal individuals was also carried out. The glucosylceramide, separated from other glycosphingolipids by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) was chemically developed (CuSO4 / H3PO4) and the respective band confirmed by immunostaining (human anti-glucosylceramide antibody / peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody). Chromatogram quantification by densitometry demonstrated that the glucosylceramide content in Gaucher disease patients was seventeen times higher than that in normal individuals, and seven times higher than that in patients on enzyme replacement therapy. The results obtained indicate that the methodology established can be used in complementary diagnosis and for treatment monitoring of Gaucher disease patients.
A doença de Gaucher é uma esfingolipidose caracterizada pelo acúmulo de glicosilceramida. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver metodologia baseada na extração, purificação e quantificação da glicosilceramida plasmática a qual possa ser usada em laboratórios de pesquisa clínica. Após o desenvolvimento desta metodologia, foi proposto, também, comparar o conteúdo de glicosilceramida presente no plasma de pacientes com doença de Gaucher, submetidos ou não a tratamento, com aquele de indivíduos normais. A glicosilceramida, separada de outros glicoesfingolipídios por cromatografia de camada delgada de alto desempenho (HPTLC), foi revelada quimicamente (CuSO4/H3PO4) e a respectiva banda foi confirmada por imunorrevelação (anticorpo anti-glicosilceramida humana/anticorpo secundário conjudado à peroxidase). A quantificação do cromatograma por densitometria demonstrou que o conteúdo de glicosilceramida nos pacientes com doença de Gaucher era 17 vezes maior que aquele de indivíduos normais e 7 vezes maior que aquele dos pacientes com doença de Gaucher submetidos a tratamento com terapia de reposição enzimática. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a metodologia estabelecida pode ser usada como diagnóstico complementar e como monitoração do tratamento de pacientes com doença de Gaucher.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedad de Gaucher/sangre , Glucosilceramidas/química , Glucosilceramidas/sangre , Técnicas y Procedimientos Diagnósticos/estadística & datos numéricos , Análisis de Varianza , Análisis Químico de la Sangre/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodosRESUMEN
The superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) is the part of the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for the sympathetic innervation of pelvic organs and extrapelvic genitals in humans of both sexes. The SHP also functions as the anatomic pathway for the major part of visceral sensitive fibers originating from pelvic viscera. In this study, the morphology of the SHP was analyzed through anatomical dissections performed both in human adult and fetal cadavers. A computerized morphometrical investigation of the SHP was also performed and the resulting quantitative data statistically assessed. The comparison between fetal and adult SHP revealed that in the male group there was a developmental increase of six times (in height) and of about five times (in width); while in the female group, there was a developmental increase of 3.5 times both in height and width values. In addition, the distance from the superior border of the SHP to the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries presented a developmental increase of about six times in the male group, and about four times in the female group. We propose an original morphological classification with six types, based upon the anatomical arrangement of the nervous fibers in this autonomic plexus.