Asunto(s)
Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Medicina Interna/historia , Tuberculosis/historia , UcraniaRESUMEN
Analysis of the results of fluorographic screening of the population in the city of Kiev and Zaporozhye region suggests unadvisability of carrying out mass chest X-rays examination if the tuberculosis morbidity is less than 30 per 100,000. Also, prophylactic fluorography of the population being performed once in 2-3 years fails to ensure timely diagnosis of bronchitis, bronchiectasis and lung cancer.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Pulmonares/prevención & control , Radiografías Pulmonares Masivas , Fluoroscopía/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografías Pulmonares Masivas/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Tiempo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/prevención & control , UcraniaRESUMEN
Ecological pulmonology appeared due to the technical revolution and increase of toxic substances entering the body through the upper respiratory tract to the lungs. In distinction from professional, ecological diseases are spread among the population in general and not only among those working in conditions of increased professional noxae.
Asunto(s)
Ecología , Salud Ambiental , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares/etiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Pneumothermometry was carried out in 136 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. It was found that the temperature of the alveolar air in pulmonary tuberculosis patients depended on the character of the specific process on a lesser degree than on the spread of the process. The temperature of the exhaled alveolar air was most reduced in patients suffering of spread pulmonary tuberculosis with marked fibrosis of the pulmonary tissue. Disorders of the drainage function of the bronchi reflected mostly the character of the specific lesion of the pulmonary tissue and was most pronounced in patients with fibrous-cavernous cirrhotic tuberculosis.
Asunto(s)
Temperatura Corporal/fisiología , Pulmón/fisiopatología , Depuración Mucociliar/fisiología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Bronquitis/sangre , Bronquitis/fisiopatología , Enfermedad Crónica , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Hemoglobinas/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Métodos , Esputo/química , Termómetros , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/sangreAsunto(s)
Bronquitis/fisiopatología , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ciliar/diagnóstico , Pulmón/fisiopatología , Depuración Mucociliar/fisiología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Aminopirina , Bronquitis/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ciliar/etiología , Humanos , Técnicas de Dilución del Indicador , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/complicacionesAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/etiología , Actinomicosis/clasificación , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/etiología , Actinomicosis/microbiología , Aspergilosis/clasificación , Aspergilosis/diagnóstico , Aspergilosis/etiología , Aspergilosis/microbiología , Candidiasis/clasificación , Candidiasis/diagnóstico , Candidiasis/etiología , Candidiasis/microbiología , Coccidioidomicosis/clasificación , Coccidioidomicosis/diagnóstico , Coccidioidomicosis/etiología , Coccidioidomicosis/microbiología , Histoplasmosis/clasificación , Histoplasmosis/diagnóstico , Histoplasmosis/etiología , Histoplasmosis/microbiología , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares/clasificación , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Pulmonares/etiología , Enfermedades Pulmonares/microbiología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/clasificación , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Leiomioma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Leiomioma/complicaciones , Leiomioma/patología , Pulmón/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicaciones , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Neumotórax/diagnóstico , Neumotórax/etiología , Neumotórax/patología , RecurrenciaAsunto(s)
Alcoholismo/complicaciones , Antituberculosos/administración & dosificación , Fonoforesis , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Quimioterapia Combinada , Tolerancia a Medicamentos , Humanos , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/complicacionesAsunto(s)
Enfermedades del Mediastino , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Quiste Mediastínico/diagnóstico , Quiste Mediastínico/terapia , Enfermedades del Mediastino/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Mediastino/terapia , Enfisema Mediastínico/diagnóstico , Enfisema Mediastínico/terapia , Neoplasias del Mediastino/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Mediastino/terapia , Mediastinitis/diagnóstico , Mediastinitis/terapia , Mediastino/lesiones , Persona de Mediana Edad , SíndromeRESUMEN
The causes of emergency conditions may be located extrapectorally, extrapulmonarily, tracheobronchially and bronchopulmonarily as well as intrapleurally. Circulatory disorders develop due to hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis, blood loss. The first stage (prodromal, latent) may be marked by a hazard of sudden deterioration of the general condition of the patient; intensive therapy is necessary during the second stage, reanimation measures and surgical intervention during the third stage.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Respiratorias/diagnóstico , Urgencias Médicas , Humanos , Enfermedades Respiratorias/clasificación , Enfermedades Respiratorias/etiologíaRESUMEN
It was shown that the prevalence of alcoholism among pulmonary tuberculosis patients was high and the outcomes of both the diseases proceeding in the presence of lowered immunity were often unfavourable, including the results of long-term follow-ups. The use of a specially constructed instrument for investigating the neurodynamic characteristics of the cerebral cortex and determination of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the serum promoted diagnosis of prenosological entities of alcoholism. Higher efficacy of alcoholism treatment in the patients with tuberculosis was achieved with narcotic psychotherapy using the mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen, esperal implantation and application of rifusal, a new preparation, as well as application of extracorporeal hemosorption and enterosorption for eliminating the intoxication. Higher efficacy of tuberculosis treatment in the alcoholic patients was achieved with intravenous drop-wise infusion of antituberculous drugs along with other routes of administration. For increasing the cellular immunity, the patients were treated with chlorophylliptum or T-activin. Continuation of the complex antialcoholic and antituberculous treatment of outpatients along with simultaneous observation by phthisiologists and narcologists provided higher results.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo/complicaciones , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/complicaciones , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Alcoholismo/epidemiología , Alcoholismo/terapia , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Disulfiram/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Péptidos/uso terapéutico , Psicoterapia , Extractos del Timo/uso terapéutico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/terapia , UcraniaRESUMEN
Basing on the literature and original data, the authors discuss specific features of a local and resorptive action of inhaled chemotherapeutic aerosols, provide evidence for advantages of the drugs inhalation over their introduction extrapulmonarily for treatment of respiration pathology. The data are presented on potential damage of aerosols to mucociliary clearance, air-blood barrier, surfactant system. Ways of these adverse effects correction are outlined. The authors hold that inhalations used for drug resorption should not be recommended for wide application until the drugs are tested for toxicity and relevant pharmacokinetics is studied.