RESUMEN
The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of sport training on carbohydrate metabolic indices and adipokines concentrations in young male triathletes (n=10). Athletes performed the incremental running test in two periods of the training cycle: in the transitory and preparatory phases. In both analyzed terms, physical exercise was reflected by a significant increase in lactate (p≤0.01), insulin (p≤0.01), visfatin concentrations (p≤0.01, p<0.05, respectively) and only during transitory phase in glucose (p≤0.01) and resistin concentrations (p<0.05). Significant inter-period differences were noted in the pre-exercise insulin (p≤0.01) and also in pre- and post-exercise visfatin concentrations (p<0.05). Additionally, the differences (Δ) between post- and pre-exercise values of glucose (p<0.05) and visfatin (p≤0.01) significantly decreased in the preparatory phase comparing to the transitory phase. The inverse correlations between pre-exercise concentrations of visfatin and peak oxygen uptake (p<0.05) in the transitory phase and between post- and pre-exercise differences (Δ) of visfatin and lactate concentrations (p<0.05) in the preparatory phase were noted. During preparatory phase, pre-exercise visfatin concentrations inversely correlated with pre-exercise resistin, insulin and glucose levels (p<0.05). In conclusion, systematic training in elite triathletes modulates basal adipokine concentrations only to a small extent, however, influences on these molecules response on the acute exercise.
Asunto(s)
Rendimiento Atlético/fisiología , Citocinas/sangre , Resistencia a la Insulina/fisiología , Insulina/sangre , Nicotinamida Fosforribosiltransferasa/sangre , Aptitud Física/fisiología , Resistina/sangre , Adolescente , Ciclismo/fisiología , Glucemia/metabolismo , Homeostasis/fisiología , Humanos , Ácido Láctico/sangre , Carrera/fisiología , Natación/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
AIM: The purpose of presented study was to verify the influence of aerobic physical activity program on the serum insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) concentrations in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. METHODS: Somatic parameters and serum concentrations of insulin, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were measured in 21 overweight and obese women, before and after 8-week cycloergometer physical workout and 16 age-matched, controls. Age of all studied women ranged from 54 to 78 years. RESULTS: The comparative analysis of biochemical indices measured before and after the training program showed that the systematic exercise cause the significant decrease in insulin (P<0.05) and IGF-1 concentrations (P<0.05). There were no differences in these parameters in controls over the studied period. The level of IGFBP-3 was not significantly changed in both investigated groups. In women participating in the training program the positive correlation (P<0.05) between changes in IGF-1 levels (Δ) and changes in insulin concentrations (Δ) within two terms of the study were found. The magnitude of changes (Δ) in insulin and IGF-1 levels over the study period correlated with their concentrations measured before the training program (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Results of the present study indicate that regular aerobic physical activity decreases serum insulin and IGF-1 levels in postmenopausal women. The magnitude of insulin and IGF-1 concentration changes depend on their initial levels. Changes of IGF-1 levels are associated with insulin concentration modifications.
Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Proteína 3 de Unión a Factor de Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/sangre , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/metabolismo , Insulina/sangre , Obesidad/sangre , Sobrepeso/sangre , Posmenopausia/sangre , Anciano , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Sobrepeso/fisiopatología , Posmenopausia/fisiología , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The increasing incidence of overweight and obesity in modern societies, and the demonstration that adipose tissue produces numerous cytokines, increases interest of investigators in the associations between adipose tissue, adipokines, CRP and insulin resistance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their possible role in the pathogenesis of this disease.The purpose of the study was to investigate serum levels of visfatin, resistin, hsCRP and insulin resistance in relation to abdominal obesity in patients with RA. METHODS: Serum levels of visfatin, resistin, hsCRP and glucose metabolism parameters were measured in 46 women with RA - 22 without abdominal obesity and 24 with abdominal obesity. RESULTS: Patients with RA and abdominal obesity showed significant lower visfatin levels (1.00+/-0.93 vs. 1.44+/-0.85 ng/ml; p<0.05) in comparison to those without abdominal obesity. We found significant correlations between levels of visfatin and resistin (r=0.41; p<0.01); and between resistin levels and hsCRP levels (r=0.41; p<0.01); resistin levels and leucocytes count (r=0.36; p<0.05); and resistin levels and ESR (r=0.30; p<0.05), in the whole investigated group. Visfatin as well as resistin did not correlate with anthropometric parameters or insulin resistance in whole patients with RA. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with RA and abdominal obesity, in comparison to patients without abdominal obesity, significantly lower visfatin levels have been demonstrated. Resistin was associated with laboratory markers of inflammation. Positive correlation between levels of visfatin and resistin may suggest that visfatin plays a role in inflammation in RA.
Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide/metabolismo , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Citocinas/sangre , Nicotinamida Fosforribosiltransferasa/sangre , Obesidad Abdominal/metabolismo , Resistina/sangre , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Anciano , Artritis Reumatoide/epidemiología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Resistencia a la Insulina , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad Abdominal/epidemiología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
AIM: This study was designed to investigate whether recreational physical activity based on aquatic training may improve lipid profile and glucose tolerance in obese subjects. Additionally, we intended to assess a possible correlation between insulin resistance index HOMA(IR) with another index including serum adiponectin concentrations. METHODS: Study population consisted of 12 obese women aged 44-61, who volunteered for an aquatic training 1 h twice a week for 3 months. Before entering the training program, and after completing it patients' oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Glucose, insulin and adiponectin concentrations, levels of antibodies to oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins (oLAB), and lipid profiles were measured in blood samples collected before the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Glucose and insulin concentrations were also assessed in blood samples collected at 30 and 120 min of OGTT. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and insulin sensitivity indexes HOMA(IR) and HOMA(AD) were calculated on the basis of the obtained data. RESULTS: The 3-month, recreational aquatic training had no influence on body mass, but it resulted in improved glucose tolerance (at t = 0 and t = 120 min), decreased index (HOMA(IR)), and decreased levels of total and LDL-cholesterol (P<0.05). Adiponectin concentrations and values of HOMA(AD) remained unchanged. We found a significant correlation between adiponectin levels and concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol, and between insulin indexes HOMA(IR) and HOMA(AD) both before, and after the training (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The results of our study indicate that a 3-month recreational training consisting in water aerobic results in favorable changes in glucose and lipid metabolism in obese subjects, even despite the lack of improvement in body mass.
Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Resistencia a la Insulina/fisiología , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Natación , Adulto , Colesterol/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The purpose of the present study was to examine the serum levels of bone turnover markers and interleukin 1beta in healthy elderly men with different levels of habitual physical activity. The study was conducted on 40 healthy men aged between 65 and 85 years (mean 74.0 +/- 7.55 years). The study population was divided into two groups with respect to the level of physical activity: 22 less active subjects (energy expenditure related to physical activity below 1600 kcal per week) and 18 more active subjects (above 1600 kcal per week). To estimate the physical activity of the study population, weekly energy expenditure was measured in each subject with use of Caltrac accelerometer. In the blood serum levels of bone formation marker--osteocalcin and resorption marker--the C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I (ICTP), and interleukin-1beta were determined. Concentrations of osteocalcin and ICTP in less active subjects were significantly higher (by 3.62 ng/ml and by 1.21 mug/l respectively, p < 0.05), reflecting the higher bone turnover in comparison to values determined in more active subjects. Positive correlations between ICTP and osteocalcin levels (r = 0.5814 and r = 0.6526; p < 0.05), and between ICTP and IL-1beta (r = 0.5823 and r = 0.6040; p < 0.05) in less and more active men were found. On the ground of the presented study it can be concluded that the decreased bone turnover occurred in men with higher level of habitual physical activity. This study showed the relationship between serum level of IL-1beta and bone resorption but the habitual physical activity has no effect on this cytokine activity.