RESUMEN
Robertsonian translocation (centric fusion) is one of the most frequent types of chromosome aberrations found in cattle. Observing the health state of a group of dairy cows in the fallout region of a metallurgical plant, centric fusion of chromosomes was discovered in one animal. Chromosome fusion is supposed within pairs 13-24 (dicentric translocation). Although the finding was started in a commercial flock, it is rather interesting from the viewpoint of the R. translocation type and because of the fact that the father of this dairy cow (bull NOM-37) had been used in insemination for several years and his semen is still preserved for further use.
Asunto(s)
Bovinos/genética , Translocación Genética , Animales , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
The health of animals depends not only on the level of hygiene on the farms but also on the ability of the individual to withstand diseases and to face various unfavourable effects of the environment. On the cellular level, chromosome analysis in the peripheral lymphocytes of farm animals is used to determine the effects of various environmental factors. According to present knowledge the frequency of chromosome aberrations is considered to be a quantitative index of genetic damage. The present work reports on in-vitro observations of structural aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes of Merino and crossbred sheep kept under good hygienic conditions. Comparison of the incidence of aberrant cells (AB.C.) was carried out in two seasons of the year (Tab. I). There was not a significant difference (P > 0.05) between the spring (0.96%-AB.C.) and autumn findings (1.59% AB.C.). In these seasons, chromatid breaks (B1) were the most frequently recorded structural aberrations. Comparison of the three age groups (comprising animals aged 1-2, 3-4 or 5-9 years) did not reveal any significant differences in the AB.C. percentage (P > 0.05, Tab. II).
Asunto(s)
Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Linfocitos/ultraestructura , Ovinos/genética , Crianza de Animales Domésticos , AnimalesRESUMEN
In farm animals the questions of clinical and mainly heritable health receive increased attention. In this work the activity of the polymorphous system of lactate dehydrogenase was observed in some pure- and crossbred ewes and rams under field conditions. The isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase were separated on 5.5% polyacrylamide gel as reported Dietz, Lubrano (1967). Age- and sex-related determinations of the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase revealed increased LD3 activity in yearling ewes, and increased LD4 and LD5 activity in yearling rams (Tab. I). Significant differences of LD4 isoenzyme activity (P < 0.05) were observed between the Stavropol Merino and the Stavropol Merino x Merino x Corriedale crossbreds (Tabs II and III). In the blood plasma of Stavropol Merino rams the following quantities of LD isoenzymes were determined: LD1 = 48.0 +/- 10.6%, LD2 = 12.1 +/- 5.2%, LD3 = 25.9 +/- 7.02%, LD4 = 4.0 +/- 2.2% and LD5 = 10.0 +/- 3.5%. In the activity of some isoenzymes breed differences were recorded in 2-5-year-old ewes (Tabs IV and V). For LD1, significant differences (P < 0.01) were found between the Merino and Ascan Merino x Merino sheep breeds as well as between the Merino x Corriedale sheep and the crossbreds of Merino with a certain share of Lincoln. Differences in LD1 activity between Merino and Merino x Corriedale sheep as well as between the Ascan Merino and Merino crossbreds with a certain share of Lincoln were significant at the level of P < 0.02. For LD2, no significant differences were stated in the pure- and crossbred animals under examination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)