RESUMEN
Two physical methods, such as Rayleigh light scattering and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), are proposed for detecting toxic heavy metals in aqueous media. These methods can find application in ecological monitoring and medical diagnostics. The advantages of these methods over existing ones are considered, and the threshold values of heavy metal concentrations detected by various physical methods are compared.
Asunto(s)
Espectroscopía de Resonancia por Spin del Electrón/métodos , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Metales Pesados/análisis , Proteínas/análisis , Sangre , Linfa/química , Dispersión de Radiación , SolucionesRESUMEN
For the first time, formation of macromolecular protein clusters in the presence of heavy metal ions were observed by the light scattering method. Conditions of the formation and destruction of such clusters were investigated. The clusters mass has a maximum value at the isoelectric point of the protein and increases with the ionic strength of the solution. Formation of clusters in the presence of toxic heavy metals in living cells is believed to have an essential physiological meaning. The molecular mechanisms of such clusters formation are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Metales Pesados/química , Proteínas/química , Fenómenos Biofísicos , Biofisica , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Iones , Punto Isoeléctrico , Lactalbúmina/química , Luz , Sustancias Macromoleculares , Concentración Osmolar , Ovalbúmina/química , Dispersión de Radiación , Albúmina Sérica/química , Soluciones , Electricidad Estática , Termodinámica , AguaAsunto(s)
Granulocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos de Tejidos/farmacología , Animales , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Embrión de Pollo , Ensayo de Unidades Formadoras de Colonias , Depresión Química , Granulocitos/citología , Hígado/citología , Hígado/embriología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Monocitos/citología , Técnicas de Cultivo de ÓrganosAsunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/inmunología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/aislamiento & purificación , Epítopos/inmunología , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/análisis , Cromosomas/ultraestructura , Técnicas Citológicas , Humanos , Hibridomas/inmunología , Técnicas Inmunológicas , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos CBAAsunto(s)
Ambliopía/etiología , Botulismo/complicaciones , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
Rhesus monkeys were exposed to total-body gamma-irradiation (60Co) with 700R following adult thymectomy, and then protected with autologous bone marrow. Transplantation immunity in TxIBM animals was impaired: skin allografts survived for 19 to 38 days. The percentage of T and B lymphocytes studied by the rosette technique and immunofluorescent staining for Ig did not substantially change when examined in early as well as late periods after TxIBM. Functional capacities of lymphocytes were measured in vitro by stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin and with allogeneic cells in mixed lymphocyte cultures. MLC reactivity in TxIBM monkeys did not recover in the early and later periods following treatment. PHA responsiveness was retained in both these periods. These findings together with the results obtained in the analysis of unstable chromosomal aberrations suggested that PHA-responsive and MLC-reactive cell subpopulations of monkey blood lymphocytes differed in the degree of thymus dependence.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Médula Ósea , Linfocitos/inmunología , Timectomía , Animales , Sitios de Unión , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Proteínas del Sistema Complemento/análisis , Femenino , Supervivencia de Injerto , Haplorrinos , Fragmentos Fc de Inmunoglobulinas/análisis , Inmunoglobulinas/análisis , Activación de Linfocitos , Prueba de Cultivo Mixto de Linfocitos , Linfocitos/efectos de la radiación , Linfocitos/ultraestructura , Macaca mulatta , Masculino , Formación de Roseta , Trasplante AutólogoRESUMEN
Transplantation of allogeneic bone marrow both from normal and thymus-deprived donors (thymectomized lethally irradiated and restored with autologous bone marrow) was followed 6--7 days later by the appearance of large numbers of GVH cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood which were one of the characteristic features of acute GVHR. GVH cells isolated from peripheral blood 7 days after transplantation showed a high labelling index (about 30%) after 40 min incubation with 3H-thymidine. The prolongation of incubation failed to increase the proportion of labelled cells due to the low viability of GVH cells. The results obtained with T and B cell tests suggested that GVH cells had the properties of T lymphocytes: about 60% of the cells could form rosettes with non-sensitized sheep red blood cells; there were virtually neither Ig-bearing cells nor cells with receptors for C3 and Fc portion of Ig.
Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Médula Ósea , Reacción Injerto-Huésped , Timectomía , Animales , Células de la Médula Ósea , Femenino , Haplorrinos , Recuento de Leucocitos , Linfocitos/inmunología , Linfocitos/metabolismo , Macaca mulatta , Masculino , Efectos de la Radiación , Timidina/metabolismo , Trasplante HomólogoRESUMEN
Electron microscopic study of parental strains E. coli K12, E. coli 0124 : K72 (B17 and of recombinations demonstrated that their populations were nonhomogeneous and, along with the common ones, contained maxi- and mini-cells. By the character of flagellae and fimbria inheritance recombinations were distributed into two groups: similar to the donor and similar to the recipient. The data of electron microscopic determination of the flagellae and fimbria failed to coincide with the data on mobility and capacity to agglutinate erythrocytes in all the strains under study; this pointed to the nonhomogeneity of bacterial population in respect to these signs. There were revealed recombinations of E. coli O124 in which the majority of the population cells had flagellae, but proved to be immobile; this indicated a possibility of independent transfer of genes controlling the morphogenesis and the function of the flagellae to the E. coli O124 recombinations.