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Objetivo: cconstruir um panorama diagnóstico da violência sexual infantojuvenil assistida no sistema de saúde no Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com dados do Ministério da Saúde a respeito da violência sexual infantojuvenil no Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2021. Foram conduzidas análises de estatística descritiva e multivariadas, por meio das técnicas de Análise de Correspondências Múltiplas e de Clusterização Hierárquica. Resultados: observou-se grande importância associada à presença de vítimas do sexo feminino, solteiras, adolescentes, que têm práticas sexuais apenas com homens, em ambiente residencial, na ausência de ex-cônjuge, patrão, madrasta ou cuidador no momento da ocorrência. Notou-se também, importância associada aos casos de recorrências, à coocorrência de violência física e psicológica, bem como relacionada à participação de pais, namorados e conhecidos como violentadores. Além disso, identificou-se que as ocorrências em via pública parecem estar mais associadas a vítimas de baixa escolaridade. Conclusão: a violência sexual infantojuvenil no Brasil se estabelece, portanto, como um importante problema social, cultural, de segurança e saúde pública. Foi possível explorar os principais parâmetros associados às ocorrências no país, permitindo, assim, a possibilidade de sua aplicação em ferramentas e serviços de assistência.

Objective: build a diagnostic overview of child and adolescent sexual violence assisted in the health system in Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional, analytical study carried out with data from the Ministry of Health regarding child and adolescent sexual violence in Brazil from 2010 to 2021. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were conducted using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Hierarchical Clustering. Results: there was great importance associated with the presence of female victims, singles, and teenagers who have sexual practices only with men in a residential environment, in the absence of a former spouse, boss, stepmother, or caregiver at the time of the occurrence. It was also noted the importance associated with cases of recurrence, the co-occurrence of physical and psychological violence, as well as related to the participation of parents, boyfriends, and acquaintances as perpetrators. Furthermore, it was identified that incidents on public roads seem to be more associated with victims with low education. Conclusion: child and adolescent sexual violence in Brazil is, therefore, established as an important social, cultural, safety, and public health problem. It was possible to explore the main parameters associated with occurrences in the country, thus allowing the possibility of its application in assistance tools and services.

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A pesquisa objetivou comparar os domínios e facetas da qualidade de vida de idosos segundo a prática de relação sexual nos últimos seis meses. Estudo quantitativo, transversal e observacional realizado com 219 idosos de um município do Estado de Minas Gerais. Aplicaram-se os instrumentos WHOQoL-Bref e WHOQoL-Old para a coleta de dados referentes à qualidade de vida, e o teste Mann-Whitney (p < 0,05) para análise. Os domínios físico (p = 0,002), psicológico (p < 0,001) e relações sociais (p < 0,001), e as facetas atividades passadas, presentes e futuras (p = 0,013), participação social (p = 0,007) e intimidade (p = 0,018) estiveram associados à prática de relação sexual nos últimos seis meses, com maiores escores entre aqueles que referiram ser ativos sexualmente.

The objective of this study was to compare the domains and facets of quality of life of older adults, according to the practice of sexual intercourse in the last six months. Quantitative, cross-sectional and observational study, carried out with 219 elderly from a municipality in the State of Minas Gerais. The WHOQoL-Bref and WHOQoL-Old instruments were used to collect data regarding quality of life and the Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05) for analysis. In the physical (p = 0.002), psychological (p < 0.001) and social relations (p < 0.001) domains, and in the facets past, present and future activities (p = 0.013), social participation (p = 0.007) and intimacy (p = 0.018) were associated with the practice of sexual intercourse in the last six months, with higher scores among those who reported being sexually active.

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RESUMO Objetivo Classificar o nível de complexidade assistencial requerido da Enfermagem por pacientes oncológicos internados. Método Estudo observacional, seccional, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado diariamente com pacientes oncológicos em unidades de internação de Oncologia Clínica e Cirúrgica de um hospital de referência ao tratamento de câncer durante o período de três meses. A coleta foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado e instrumento de classificação de pacientes de Fugulin et al. (2007). Resultados Foram entrevistados 242 pacientes e realizadas 1309 avaliações com maior quantidade de indivíduos do sexo masculino e que possuíam o Ensino Fundamental incompleto. Houve maior ocorrência de câncer no sistema gastrintestinal e sistema reprodutor feminino, respectivamente, na internação de Oncologia Clínica e Cirúrgica, com maior taxa de ocupação nos meses de junho e de maio, nessa ordem. O comportamento observado foi bastante similar em ambas as internações, correspondendo, respectivamente, a pacientes que se enquadravam nos cuidados mínimos (33,1%; 35,1%) e intermediários (30,2%; 37,5%). Conclusão e implicações para a prática O sistema de classificação de pacientes e dimensionamento em Enfermagem na área oncológica merece maiores discussões e carece de instrumentos validados capazes de representar a real situação do cuidado.

RESUMEN Objetivo Clasificar el nivel de complejidad asistencial requerido en Enfermería por pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados. Método Estudio observacional, seccional, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado diariamente con pacientes oncológicos en unidades de internación de Oncología Clínica y Quirúrgica de un hospital de referencia para el tratamiento del cáncer durante un período de tres meses. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario semiestructurado y un instrumento de clasificación de pacientes de Fugulin et al. (2007). Resultados Se entrevistaron 242 pacientes y se realizaron 1309 evaluaciones con mayor número de individuos del sexo masculino que tenían la Enseñanza Básica incompleta. Hubo mayor ocurrencia de cáncer en el aparato digestivo y aparato reproductor femenino, respectivamente, en el ingreso de Oncología Clínica y Quirúrgica, con la mayor tasa de ocupación en los meses de junio y mayo, en ese orden. El comportamiento observado fue bastante similar en ambas hospitalizaciones, correspondiendo, respectivamente, a pacientes que se encontraban en cuidados mínimos (33,1%; 35,1%) e intermedios (30,2%; 37,5%). Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica El sistema de clasificación y dimensionamiento de pacientes en Enfermería en el área de oncología merece mayor discusión y carece de instrumentos validados capaces de representar la situación real del cuidado.

ABSTRACT Objective To classify the level of complexity of care required from Nursing by hospitalized oncology patients. Methods This is an observational, sectional, quantitative study, carried out daily with oncology patients in the Clinical and Surgical Oncology inpatient units of a cancer treatment reference hospital during a three-month period. The collection was carried out through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire and an instrument of patient classification by Fugulin et al. (2007). Results 242 patients were interviewed and 1309 evaluations were performed, with a greater number of males and those with incomplete elementary school education. There was a higher occurrence of cancer in the gastrointestinal system and female reproductive system, respectively, in the admission of Clinical and Surgical Oncology, with higher occupancy rate in the months of June and May, in that order. The behavior observed was quite similar in both admissions, corresponding, respectively, to patients who fell into minimal (33.1%; 35.1%) and intermediate care (30.2%; 37.5%). Conclusion and implications for practice The patient classification and dimensioning system in Nursing in oncology deserves further discussion and lacks validated instruments capable of representing the real situation of care.

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Introdução: A radiodermatite é caracterizada por lesões cutâneas decorrentes da exposição à radiação ionizante, acometendo entre 80%- 90% dos pacientes submetidos à radioterapia na região da cabeça e pescoço. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do uso do creme de camomila em relação ao creme de calêndula na prevenção da radiodermatite aguda em participantes submetidos à radioterapia para câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Método: Ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, prospectivo, com análise quantitativa. Foram avaliados 23 participantes, aleatoriamente designados para o grupo que fez uso do creme de camomila (n=12) ou para o grupo do creme de calêndula (n=11). A pele no campo de irradiação foi avaliada na primeira sessão de radioterapia, a cada cinco sessões, e após 30 dias do término do tratamento, de acordo com os critérios da Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram radiodermatite em todas as avaliações, do grau 1 ao 3, exceto na primeira avaliação. O nível médio mais elevado foi observado, em ambos os grupos, na sexta avaliação (2,10±0,73 no grupo do creme de camomila e 2,37±0,51 no de calêndula). No grupo camomila, o maior grau de radiodermatite foi o 3, na quinta e sexta avaliações; enquanto, no calêndula, o grau 3 foi observado pela primeira vez na sexta avaliação, permanecendo até a oitava. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos grupos avaliados. Conclusão: Houve equivalência na efetividade do uso do creme de camomila em relação ao creme calêndula na prevenção de radiodermatites agudas em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço em radioterapia

Introduction: Radiodermatitis is characterized by skin lesions resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation, affecting between 80-90% of patients undergoing radiotherapy in the head and neck region. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of using chamomile cream compared with calendula cream in preventing acute radiodermatitis in participants undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Method: Randomized, double-blind, prospective clinical trial with quantitative analysis. 23 participants randomly assigned to the group that used chamomile cream (n=12) or to the calendula cream group (n=11) were evaluated. The skin in the irradiation field was evaluated in the first radiotherapy session, every five sessions and after 30 days after the end of the treatment, according to the criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Results: Participants had radiodermatitis in all the assessments, from grades 1 to 3, except in the first assessment. The highest mean level was observed in both groups in the sixth assessment (2.10±0.73 in the chamomile and 2.37±0.51 in the calendula group, respectively). In the chamomile group, the highest degree of radiodermatitis was 3, in the fifth and sixth evaluations, while in the calendula, grade 3 was observed for the first time in the sixth evaluation, remaining until the eighth. There was no statistically significant difference in the groups evaluated. Conclusion: There was equivalence in the effectiveness of the use of chamomile cream compared with calendula cream in the prevention of acute radiodermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy

Introducción: La radiodermatitis se caracteriza por lesiones cutáneas derivadas de la exposición a radiaciones ionizantes, que afectan entre el 80 y el 90% de los pacientes sometidos a radioterapia en la región de cabeza y cuello. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del uso de la crema de manzanilla en relación con la crema de caléndula para prevenir la radiodermatitis aguda en participantes sometidos a radioterapia para el cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Método: Ensayo clínico prospectivo, aleatorizado, doble ciego con análisis cuantitativo. Se evaluaron 23 participantes, asignados aleatoriamente al grupo que usó la crema de manzanilla (n=12) o al grupo crema de caléndula (n=11). La piel en el campo de irradiación se evaluó en la primera sesión de radioterapia, cada cinco sesiones y a los 30 días de finalizado el tratamiento, según los criterios del Grupo de Oncología Radioterápica (RTOG). Resultados: Los participantes presentaron radiodermatitis en todas las evaluaciones, desde el 1º al 3º grado, excepto en la primera evaluación. El nivel medio más alto se observó, en ambos grupos, en la sexta evaluación (2,10±0,73 en el grupo manzanilla y 2,37±0,51 en el de caléndula). En el grupo manzanilla, el mayor grado de radiodermatitis fue 3, en la quinta y sexta evaluaciones, mientras que en la caléndula se observó por primera vez grado 3 en la sexta evaluación, permaneciendo hasta la octava. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en los grupos evaluados. Conclusión: Hubo equivalencia en la efectividad del uso de crema de manzanilla en relación con la crema de caléndula en la prevención de la radiodermatitis aguda en pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello sometidos a radioterapia

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ABSTRACT Background: The screening of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected blood donors using two serological techniques frequently leads to conflicting results. This fact prompted us to evaluate the diagnostic performance of four "in-house" immunodiagnostic tests and two commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Material and Methods: One hundred and seventy-nine blood donors, whose screening for Chagas disease was doubtful, underwent three in-house ELISAs, one in-house immunoblotting test (TESA-blot), and two commercial ELISAs (bioMérieux and Wiener) in an attempt to define the presence or absence of infection. Simultaneously, 29 donors with previous positive results from three conventional serological tests and 30 donors with constant negative results were evaluated. Results: The ELISA-Wiener showed the highest rate in sensitivity (98.92%) and the ELISA-bioMérieux, the highest specificity (99.45%), followed by the TESA-blot, which showed superior performance, with lower false-negative (2.18%) and false-positive (1.12%) rates. In series, the combination composed of the TESA-blot and ELISA-bioMérieux showed slightly superior performance, with trifunctional protein deficiency (TFP) = 0.01%. Conclusion: Our study confirms the high sensitivity and specificity of commercial kits. To confirm the presence or absence of T. cruzi infection, the combination of TESA-blot and ELISA-bioMérieux may be suggested as the best alternative. Individually, the TESA-blot performed the closest to the gold standard; however, it is not commercially available.

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RESUMO Objetiva-se determinar a prevalência de mulheres com risco de desenvolvimento de câncer de mama pelo histórico familiar em Uberaba (MG), e essa prevalência nas diferentes condições socioeconômicas e epidemiológicas. Pesquisa quantitativa, analítica, observacional e transversal de base populacional. Amostra com 1.520 mulheres a partir de 20 anos. Dados coletados por entrevistas domiciliares sobre informações socioeconômicas e epidemiológicas. A avaliação do risco hereditário de câncer de mama foi realizada pelo Family History Screen-7 (FHS-7). Como resultado, 28,6% da amostra apresentaram risco hereditário para câncer de mama. Houve associação significativa do risco de câncer quanto a: faixa etária, sendo nas mulheres com idade de 70 anos ou mais a maior proporção com risco (33,5%); etnia, sendo a maior proporção entre mulheres de etnia branca (31,2%); renda familiar, com maior ocorrência para renda per capita > 2,5 salários-mínimos (31,6%); prática de exames preventivos (30,6%); e alterações benignas na mama (46,7%). Conclui-se que, a partir do histórico familiar pelo FHS-7, o risco de as mulheres desenvolverem câncer mostrou-se significativamente associado com maior faixa etária, etnia branca e maior renda per capita, com a prática de exames preventivos em dia e alterações benignas na mama. Tais resultados possibilitam melhores direcionamentos de políticas públicas.

ABSTRACT The objective is to determine the prevalence of women at risk of developing breast cancer by family history in Uberaba (MG), and this prevalence in different socioeconomic and epidemiological conditions. Quantitative, analytical, observational and cross-sectional population-based research. Sample with 1.520 women aged 20 years and over. Data collected by household interviews on socioeconomic and epidemiological information. The assessment of the hereditary risk of breast cancer was performed using the Family History Screen-7 (FHS-7). As a result, 28.6% of the sample had a hereditary risk for breast cancer. There was a significant association between the risk of cancer regarding: age group, with women aged 70 years or older being the highest proportion at risk (33.5%); ethnicity, with the highest proportion among women of white ethnicity (31.2%); family income, with a higher occurrence for per capita income > 2.5 minimum wages (31.6%); practice of preventive exams (30.6%); and benign changes in the breast (46.7%). It is concluded that, based on the family history by FHS-7, the risk of women developing cancer was significantly associated with older age, white ethnicity and higher per capita income, with the practice of preventive exams up to date and benign alterations in the breast. Such results make it possible to better direct public policies.

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BACKGROUND: The screening ofTrypanosoma cruzi-infected blood donors using two serological techniques frequently leads to conflicting results. This fact prompted us to evaluate the diagnostic performance of four "in-house" immunodiagnostic tests and two commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and seventy-nine blood donors, whose screening for Chagas disease was doubtful, underwent three in-house ELISAs, one in-house immunoblotting test (TESA-blot), and two commercial ELISAs (bioMérieux and Wiener) in an attempt to define the presence or absence of infection. Simultaneously, 29 donors with previous positive results from three conventional serological tests and 30 donors with constant negative results were evaluated. RESULTS: The ELISA-Wiener showed the highest rate in sensitivity (98.92%) and the ELISA-bioMérieux, the highest specificity (99.45%), followed by the TESA-blot, which showed superior performance, with lower false-negative (2.18%) and false-positive (1.12%) rates. In series, the combination composed of the TESA-blot and ELISA-bioMérieux showed slightly superior performance, with trifunctional protein deficiency (TFP)=0.01%. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms the high sensitivity and specificity of commercial kits. To confirm the presence or absence of T. cruzi infection, the combination of TESA-blot and ELISA-bioMérieux may be suggested as the best alternative. Individually, the TESA-blot performed the closest to the gold standard; however, it is not commercially available.

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Abstract Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease in which a mutation occurs in the β-globin chain gene, resulting in abnormal hemoglobin levels. In an environment with reduced oxygen concentration, red blood cells change their conformation, resulting in chronic hemolysis and consequent anemia and vaso-occlusive crises with injuries to several organs, with a significant impairment of the osteoarticular system. This study aimed to verify the chronic osteoarticular alterations and their association with clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with SCD with a more severe phenotype (SS and Sβ0), on a steady-state fasis. Methods: Fifty-five patients were referred to a medical consultation with a specialized assessment of the locomotor system, followed by laboratory tests and radiographic examinations. Results: In total, 74.5% patients had hemoglobinopathy SS; 67.3% were female; and 78.2% were non-whites. The mean patient age was 30.5 years. Most patients (61.8%) reported up to three crises per year, with a predominance of high-intensity pain (65.5%). Radiographic alterations were present in 80% patients. A total of 140 lesions were identified, most which were located in the spine, femur, and shoulders. Most lesions were osteonecrosis and osteoarthritis and were statistically associated with the non-use of hydroxyurea. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of chronic osteoarticular alterations, which was statistically associated only with the non-regular use of hydroxyurea.(AU)

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Objective: explore the factors associated with knowledge about the Pap test in female users of the Municipal Public Health Service. Method: quantitative, cross-sectional study, conducted in the state of São Paulo with 180 women. A tool was used to characterize profiles and determine knowledge. A descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test for bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression for multivariate analysis were performed. Results:the women were +/-43.6 years old, most worked at paid jobs, were brown in skin color, had a partner, did not use condoms, did not have any gynecological complaints and were tested regularly. Knowledge was satisfactory in regard to the location where and how the test is done and unsatisfactory in terms of target population and frequency. Conclusion:the variables associated with satisfactory knowledge were white skin color, monthly household income, gynecological complaints and regular testing. W omen with a monthly household income of two or more minimum wages were more likely to have adequate knowledge about the Pap test.

Objetivo: conhecer os fatores que se associam ao conhecimento sobre o exame de Papanicolaou em mulheres usuárias do Serviço Público Municipal de Saúde. Método: estudo quantitativo e transversal, realizado no interior de São Paulo com 180 mulheres. Utilizou-se instrumento para caracterizar o perfil e verificar o conhecimento. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva, teste qui-quadrado para análise bivariada e regressão logística binária para multivariada. Resultados:as mulheres possuíam +/-43,6 anos, a maior parte tinha trabalho remunerado, cor parda, companheiro, não utilizava preservativo, não apresentava queixas ginecológicas e realizava o exame em tempo adequado. O conhecimento foi satisfatório quanto ao local e à forma de realização do exame e insatisfatório quanto à população-alvo e periodicidade. Conclusão:associaram-se ao conhecimento satisfatório as variáveis cor da pele branca, renda familiar, queixa ginecológica e realizar o exame em tempo adequado; mulheres com renda familiar mensal de dois ou mais salários mínimos apresentaram mais chances de ter conhecimento adequado sobre o exame de Papanicolaou.

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INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is affected by demographic, virological, clinical, and lifestyle-related factors and varies in different regions in Brazil or worldwide. The present study aimed to clarify the epidemiological patterns of HCV infection in the interior region of Brazil. METHODS: This study was conducted in the Southern Triangle Macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, according to the guidelines of the National Program for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis. The participants answered a structured questionnaire on social and epidemiological factors. Immunochromatographic rapid tests were used for the qualitative detection of antibodies against HCV in whole blood (Alere HCV® Code 02FK10) in adult subjects by a free-standing method. RESULTS: Of 24,085 tested individuals, 184 (0.76%) were anti-HCV positive. The majority of anti-HCV-positive individuals were born between 1951 and 1980 (n=146 [79.3%]), with 68 women and 116 men. Identified risk factors included syringe and/or needle sharing (p = 0.003), being in prison (p = 0.004), and having tattoos or piercings (p = 0.005) and were significantly associated with the decade of birth. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows the importance of testing populations at risk for HCV infection, including incarcerated individuals, those with tattoos or piercings, those who share or have shared syringes or needles, and those in high-risk birth cohorts (1950s, 1960s, and 1970s) in the Southern Triangle Macro-region.

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OBJECTIVE: Investigate the gonadal hormonal function in sickle cell individuals. CONTEXT: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with delayed physical and sexual development, and it has been related to both primary testicular failure and hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis abnormalities. DESIGN: The study of the pituitary gonadotrophin reserve was done evaluating the hormonal levels before and after stimulation by gonadoliberin. PATIENTS: Male patients with homozygous SCD (18-39 years, median = 29.5 years). MEASUREMENTS: Gonadal function was evaluated through clinical parameters and the hormonal quantification. RESULTS: Although low body weight and other clinical signs of undernutrition such as clinical hypoandrogenism and the extreme retardation of puberty were seen in these patients, final stature and hormonal testicular reserve to hCG stimulation were proved to be normal according to our previous data. In the present investigation, the basal luteotropic gonadotropin (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) levels were similar between the patients and controls. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels-used as a biochemical marker of androgenicity, mainly in puberty-were lower in the patients than in the controls and were only correlated with T. A subtle abnormality in the pituitary responsivity to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was disclosed, with a higher response to LH 60 minutes after stimulation in patients than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: These data, in addition to both the clinical and biochemical signs of hypoandrogenism associated with normal to elevated T levels strongly suggest a peripheral origin of hypogonadism, which is probably due to androgen resistance in the patients with SCD.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is affected by demographic, virological, clinical, and lifestyle-related factors and varies in different regions in Brazil or worldwide. The present study aimed to clarify the epidemiological patterns of HCV infection in the interior region of Brazil. METHODS: This study was conducted in the Southern Triangle Macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, according to the guidelines of the National Program for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis. The participants answered a structured questionnaire on social and epidemiological factors. Immunochromatographic rapid tests were used for the qualitative detection of antibodies against HCV in whole blood (Alere HCV® Code 02FK10) in adult subjects by a free-standing method. RESULTS: Of 24,085 tested individuals, 184 (0.76%) were anti-HCV positive. The majority of anti-HCV-positive individuals were born between 1951 and 1980 (n=146 [79.3%]), with 68 women and 116 men. Identified risk factors included syringe and/or needle sharing (p = 0.003), being in prison (p = 0.004), and having tattoos or piercings (p = 0.005) and were significantly associated with the decade of birth. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows the importance of testing populations at risk for HCV infection, including incarcerated individuals, those with tattoos or piercings, those who share or have shared syringes or needles, and those in high-risk birth cohorts (1950s, 1960s, and 1970s) in the Southern Triangle Macro-region.

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RESUMO Tristeza e pesar são reações comuns entre pessoas que enfrentam o câncer, e estas reações podem influenciar sua qualidade de vida. Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a existência de correlações entre os escores de ansiedade e depressão e domínios de qualidade de vida, nos momentos pré e pós-quimioterapia. Tratou-se de estudo observacional quantitativo, descritivo e de delineamento longitudinal-prospectivo. Participaram do estudo 14 mulheres, diagnosticadas com câncer de mama ou ginecológico, submetidas à quimioterapia, entre dezembro/2012 e abril/2013. Foram utilizados o WHOQOL-bref e Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão. A coleta de dados deu-se a partir da resposta individual das mulheres aos instrumentos. Para correlacionar os escores de ansiedade e depressão com os domínios de qualidade de vida, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação linear de Pearson. O domínio físico da qualidade de vida correlacionou-se negativamente com depressão, nos momentos pré e pós-quimioterapia. Houve também correlação negativa entre domínio psicológico e ambiental com ansiedade e depressão nos momentos pré e pós-quimioterapia. Em relação ao domínio social, não houve correlação. Concluiu-se que ansiedade e depressão influenciaram negativamente a qualidade de vida das mulheres estudadas nos domínios físico, psicológico e ambiental.

RESUMEN Tristeza y pesar son reacciones comunes entre personas que enfrentan el cáncer, y estas reacciones pueden afectar su calidad de vida. Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de verificar la existencia de correlaciones entre las puntuaciones de ansiedad y depresión y dominios de calidad de vida, en los momentos pre y post quimioterapia. Se trató de un estudio observacional cuantitativo, descriptivo y de delineamiento longitudinal-prospectivo. Participaron del estudio 14 mujeres, diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama o ginecológico, sometidas a quimioterapia, entre diciembre/2012 y abril/2013. Fueron utilizados el WHOQOL-bref y Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión. La recolección de datos ocurrió a partir de la respuesta individual de las mujeres a los instrumentos. Para correlacionar las puntuaciones de ansiedad y depresión con los dominios de calidad de vida, se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación lineal de Pearson. El dominio físico de la calidad de vida se correlacionó negativamente con depresión, en los momentos pre y post quimioterapia. Hubo también correlación negativa entre dominio psicológico y ambiental con ansiedad y depresión en los momentos pre y post quimioterapia. Con relación al dominio social, no hubo correlación. Se concluyó que ansiedad y depresión influyen negativamente la calidad de vida de las mujeres estudiadas en los dominios físico, psicológico y ambiental.

ABSTRACT Sadness and grief are common reactions among people facing cancer, and these reactions can have an impact on their quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the existence of correlations between depression and anxiety scores and quality of life domains, during pre- and post-chemotherapy. This was an observational, quantitative, descriptive study, with a longitudinal-prospective design. The 14 women who participated in the study had been diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancer and underwent chemotherapy between December 2012 and April 2013. The WHOQOL-BREF and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. The data was collected through the individual responses of the women to the instruments. To correlate the anxiety and depression scores with the quality of life domains, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The physical health domain of quality of life had a negative correlation with depression during pre- and post-chemotherapy. There was also a negative correlation between the psychological and environment domains and anxiety and depression during pre- and post-chemotherapy. As for the social relationships domain, there was no correlation. It was concluded that anxiety and depression did not negatively influence the quality of life of the women in the physical health, psychological and environment domains.

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This study aimed to characterize women's socioeconomic and epidemiological profile in Uberaba according to the breast cancer screening practice and identify associated factors with this practice. This is a cross-sectional research part of the Women's Health Survey in Uberaba (MG). Data was collected by home interview, referring to socioeconomic and epidemiological issues and breast cancer screening practice, from a sample of 1,520 women above 20 years of age. After processing the data, we performed statistical analysis with measures of association by the Chi-square test, bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression, with a significance level of 5%. The results showed a profile of breast cancer screening practice with white women (66%), high schooling and per capita income, in common-law marriage (67,5%), non-heads of households (64,4%) and non-smokers (64,6%). Factors associated with higher practice were the age groups 40-49 and 50-69 years (PR = 0.7 and 0.64), per capita income higher than one minimum wage (PR = 1.17) and public or health plan mammography coverage (PR = 1.98 and 1.94). We can conclude that factors associated with breast cancer screening practice have been identified in the studied sample.

Os objetivos deste estudo foram caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico e epidemiológico das mulheres em Uberaba, segundo a prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama, bem como verificar os fatores associados à prática. Pesquisa transversal de base populacional, parte do Inquérito de Saúde da Mulher em Uberaba MG. Coleta por entrevista domiciliar, referentes à questões socioeconômicas, epidemiológicas e prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama. Amostra foi composta por 1.520 mulheres acima de 20 anos. Após o processamento dos dados, foi realizada análise estatística com medidas de associação pelo teste Qui-Quadrado; regressão bivariada e multivariada de Poisson, significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram um perfil de prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama com mulheres de raça/cor branca (66%), escolaridade e renda per capita elevada, estado conjugal "em união" (67,5%), não chefes de família (64,4%) e não tabagistas (64,6%). Os fatores associados à maior prática dos exames foram a faixa etária de 40-49 e 50-69 anos (RP = 0,7 e 0,64), renda per capita maior que um salário mínimo (RP = 1,17) e fonte de pagamento da mamografia pública ou por plano de saúde (RP = 1,98 e 1,94). Conclui-se que existem fatores relacionados à prática de exames de rastreio na amostra estudada.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze knowledge, attitudes, practices, and frequent barriers to the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice among nursing assistants in the hospital. METHOD: This is an integrative review, whose search for primary studies occurred in the PubMed, CINAHL and LILACS databases. For the analysis, cross-sectional observational studies were included in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published in nursing journals, from January 2007 to July 2016. RESULTS: The search resulted in 363 articles, including nine primary studies. The sources of recurrent evidence among care nurses were: personal experience and local care protocols. These professionals presented weaknesses in the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice related to the lack of knowledge for evidence evaluation, work overload and resistance to change of practice. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Nurses presented favorable attitudes, however, with little knowledge to perform the Evidence-Based Practice. Results can support interventions for its implementation in the hospital.

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Resumo Os objetivos deste estudo foram caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico e epidemiológico das mulheres em Uberaba, segundo a prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama, bem como verificar os fatores associados à prática. Pesquisa transversal de base populacional, parte do Inquérito de Saúde da Mulher em Uberaba MG. Coleta por entrevista domiciliar, referentes à questões socioeconômicas, epidemiológicas e prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama. Amostra foi composta por 1.520 mulheres acima de 20 anos. Após o processamento dos dados, foi realizada análise estatística com medidas de associação pelo teste Qui-Quadrado; regressão bivariada e multivariada de Poisson, significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram um perfil de prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama com mulheres de raça/cor branca (66%), escolaridade e renda per capita elevada, estado conjugal "em união" (67,5%), não chefes de família (64,4%) e não tabagistas (64,6%). Os fatores associados à maior prática dos exames foram a faixa etária de 40-49 e 50-69 anos (RP = 0,7 e 0,64), renda per capita maior que um salário mínimo (RP = 1,17) e fonte de pagamento da mamografia pública ou por plano de saúde (RP = 1,98 e 1,94). Conclui-se que existem fatores relacionados à prática de exames de rastreio na amostra estudada.

Abstract This study aimed to characterize women's socioeconomic and epidemiological profile in Uberaba according to the breast cancer screening practice and identify associated factors with this practice. This is a cross-sectional research part of the Women's Health Survey in Uberaba (MG). Data was collected by home interview, referring to socioeconomic and epidemiological issues and breast cancer screening practice, from a sample of 1,520 women above 20 years of age. After processing the data, we performed statistical analysis with measures of association by the Chi-square test, bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression, with a significance level of 5%. The results showed a profile of breast cancer screening practice with white women (66%), high schooling and per capita income, in common-law marriage (67,5%), non-heads of households (64,4%) and non-smokers (64,6%). Factors associated with higher practice were the age groups 40-49 and 50-69 years (PR = 0.7 and 0.64), per capita income higher than one minimum wage (PR = 1.17) and public or health plan mammography coverage (PR = 1.98 and 1.94). We can conclude that factors associated with breast cancer screening practice have been identified in the studied sample.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze knowledge, attitudes, practices, and frequent barriers to the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice among nursing assistants in the hospital. Method: This is an integrative review, whose search for primary studies occurred in the PubMed, CINAHL and LILACS databases. For the analysis, cross-sectional observational studies were included in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published in nursing journals, from January 2007 to July 2016. Results: The search resulted in 363 articles, including nine primary studies. The sources of recurrent evidence among care nurses were: personal experience and local care protocols. These professionals presented weaknesses in the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice related to the lack of knowledge for evidence evaluation, work overload and resistance to change of practice. Final considerations Nurses presented favorable attitudes, however, with little knowledge to perform the Evidence-Based Practice. Results can support interventions for its implementation in the hospital.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y barreras frecuentes para la implementación de la Práctica Basada en Evidencias entre enfermeros asistenciales en el contexto hospitalario. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa, cuya búsqueda de los estudios primarios ocurrió en las bases PubMed, CINAHL y LILACS. Para el análisis se incluyeron estudios observacionales, en corte transversal, en inglés, español, portugués y publicados en revistas de enfermería a partir del enero 2007 hasta el julio 2016. Resultado: La búsqueda resultó en 363 artículos, siendo incluidos nueve estudios primarios. Las fuentes de evidencia recurrentes entre los enfermeros asistenciales fueron: la experiencia personal y los protocolos asistenciales locales. Estos profesionales presentaron fragilidades para la implementación de la Práctica Basada en Evidencias relacionadas al poco conocimiento para evaluación de evidencias, sobrecarga de trabajo y resistencia al cambio de prácticas. Consideraciones finales: Los enfermeros presentaron actitudes favorables; sin embargo, tenían poco conocimiento para desempeñar la Práctica Basada en Evidencias. Los resultados pueden subsidiar intervenciones para su implementación en el ámbito hospitalario.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar conhecimentos, atitudes, práticas e barreiras frequentes para a implementação da Prática Baseada em Evidências entre enfermeiros assistenciais no contexto hospitalar. Método: Trata-se de revisão integrativa, cuja busca dos estudos primários ocorreu nas bases PubMed, CINAHL e LILACS. Para análise foram incluídos estudos observacionais, tipo transversal, em inglês, português e espanhol, publicados em periódicos de enfermagem, no período de janeiro 2007 a julho 2016. Resultado: A busca resultou em 363 artigos, sendo incluídos nove estudos primários. As fontes de evidências recorrentes entre os enfermeiros assistenciais foram: a experiência pessoal e os protocolos assistenciais locais. Esses profissionais apresentaram fragilidades para a implementação da Prática Baseada em Evidências relacionadas ao pouco conhecimento para avaliação de evidências, sobrecarga de trabalho e resistência à mudança de práticas. Considerações finais: Enfermeiros apresentaram atitudes favoráveis, entretanto, pouco conhecimento para desempenharem a Prática Baseada em Evidências. Resultados podem subsidiar intervenções para sua implementação em âmbito hospitalar.

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BACKGROUND: The large diversity of red blood cell antigens favors, especially in multi-transfused patients, the occurrence of autoimmunization and alloimmunization with the risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions. Thus, this study aimed to determine the rates of alloimmunization and autoimmunization in these individuals, as well as the types of alloantibodies and their systems, clinical and epidemiological aspects and the frequency of autoimmunity in alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized patients. METHODS: In a retrospective study, 153 multi-transfused patients from 2006 to 2014 were evaluated. Sixty-eight had onco-hematological diseases, 64 had hemoglobinopathies and 21 had chronic renal failure. Descriptive analyses were carried out with the proportions being compared using the chi-square test, with the significance level set at 5%. RESULTS: The Rh system was the most frequently involved (53.11%) and anti-E and anti-K (Kell system) were the most prevalent alloantibodies (21.87% each). Autoantibodies were found in ten patients (6.54%) with the percentages of autoimmunization in alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized individuals being 29.16% and 2.32%, respectively (p = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between autoimmunization and the number of transfusions (16.21% in 6-10 vs. 5.26% <6 vs. 2.56% >10; p = 0.0203) and diseases (19.04% in chronic renal failure vs. 6.25% in hemoglobinopathies vs. 2.94% in onco-hematological diseases; p = 0.0329). CONCLUSION: The results show a strong correlation between alloimmunization and autoimmunization. Moreover, they reinforce the need for further studies on the clinical and epidemiological profile of multi-transfused patients in relation to alloimmunity and autoimmunity, especially the latter, for a better understanding of its etiopathogenesis and physiopathogenesis.

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ABSTRACT Background: The large diversity of red blood cell antigens favors, especially in multi-transfused patients, the occurrence of autoimmunization and alloimmunization with the risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions. Thus, this study aimed to determine the rates of alloimmunization and autoimmunization in these individuals, as well as the types of alloantibodies and their systems, clinical and epidemiological aspects and the frequency of autoimmunity in alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized patients. Methods: In a retrospective study, 153 multi-transfused patients from 2006 to 2014 were evaluated. Sixty-eight had onco-hematological diseases, 64 had hemoglobinopathies and 21 had chronic renal failure. Descriptive analyses were carried out with the proportions being compared using the chi-square test, with the significance level set at 5%. Results: The Rh system was the most frequently involved (53.11%) and anti-E and anti-K (Kell system) were the most prevalent alloantibodies (21.87% each). Autoantibodies were found in ten patients (6.54%) with the percentages of autoimmunization in alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized individuals being 29.16% and 2.32%, respectively (p = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between autoimmunization and the number of transfusions (16.21% in 6-10 vs. 5.26% <6 vs. 2.56% >10; p = 0.0203) and diseases (19.04% in chronic renal failure vs. 6.25% in hemoglobinopathies vs. 2.94% in onco-hematological diseases; p = 0.0329). Conclusion: The results show a strong correlation between alloimmunization and autoimmunization. Moreover, they reinforce the need for further studies on the clinical and epidemiological profile of multi-transfused patients in relation to alloimmunity and autoimmunity, especially the latter, for a better understanding of its etiopathogenesis and physiopathogenesis.

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RESUMO Objetivou-se caracterizar docentes pesquisadores, pesquisas de Enfermagem desenvolvidas em hospital universitário e estratégias de translação empreendidas. Estudo exploratório, transversal, quantitativo, por análise de registros secundários de projetos de pesquisas em um hospital e entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos docentes pesquisadores responsáveis pelos projetos. Dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e frequências de categorias. Compuseram a análise 76 projetos e 36 entrevistados. Docentes pesquisadores eram enfermeiros (91,6%), doutores e pós-doutores (69,4%), não integravam (22,2%) e não eram líderes (86,1%) de grupos de pesquisa. Projetos mais frequentes abordavam Enfermagem médico-cirúrgica (28,9%) e Gerenciamento (23,7%); eram em maioria levantamentos epidemiológicos (73,7%) sem fomento (81,3%). Todos entrevistados divulgavam suas pesquisas em eventos ou artigos científicos, e não empregavam estratégias para translação do conhecimento. Constatou-se a necessidade de estimular entre os docentes pesquisadores a prática baseada em evidências e disseminar a concepção da translação de pesquisas, visando alcançar melhores soluções para os problemas cotidianos vivenciados no cenário hospitalar de integração ensino-serviço.

RESUMEN El objetivo fue caracterizar docentes investigadores, investigaciones de Enfermería desarrolladas en hospital universitario y estrategias de traslación emprendidas. Estudio exploratorio, transversal, cuantitativo, por análisis de registros secundarios de proyectos de investigación en un hospital y entrevistas semiestructuradas junto a los docentes investigadores responsables por los proyectos. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva y frecuencias de categorías. Compusieron el análisis 76 proyectos y 36 entrevistados. Docentes investigadores eran enfermeros (91,6%), doctores y postdoctores (69,4%), no integraban (22,2%) y no eran líderes (86,1%) de grupos de investigación. Los proyectos más frecuentes trataban de Enfermería médico-quirúrgica (28,9%) y Gestión (23,7%); eran en mayoría estudios epidemiológicos (73,7%) sin fomento (81,3%). Todos entrevistados divulgaban sus investigaciones en eventos o artículos científicos, y no empleaban estrategias para traslación del conocimiento. Se constató la necesidad de estimular, entre los docentes investigadores, la práctica basada en evidencias y propagar la concepción de la traslación de investigaciones, con el objetivo de alcanzar mejores soluciones para los problemas cotidianos vividos en el escenario hospitalario de integración enseñanza-servicio.

ABSTRACT It was aimed to characterize nursing research teachers, researchers developed in university hospital and translational strategies undertaken. Exploratory study, cross-sectional, quantitative analysis of secondary records of research projects in a hospital and semi-structured interviews with the Faculty researchers responsible for the projects. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and frequencies of categories. Composed 76 analysis projects and 36 respondents. Faculty researchers were nurses (91.6%), doctors and postdoctoral students (69.4%), not included (22.2%) and were not leaders (86.1%) of research groups. Most frequent projects addressed medical-surgical Nursing (28.9%) and management (23.7%); they were in most epidemiological surveys (73.7%) without (81.3%). All respondents communicate their research in scientific articles or events, and not employed strategies for knowledge translation. It was noted the need to stimulate between faculty researchers to evidence-based practice and disseminate the concept of translational research, in order to achieve better solutions to everyday problems experienced in the hospital setting teaching-service integration.