RESUMEN

Chinese indigenous chicken breeds are geographically widespread, and a total of 116 indigenous chicken breeds are listed as Chinese national genetic resources. However, these indigenous chicken breeds are facing serious challenges as declining population and germplasm degeneration because lots of commercial chicken breeds had been introduced. In this study, the genetic variations of eleven Chinese indigenous chicken breeds of Sichuan province and three commercial chicken breeds were investigated based on the partial mitochondrial DNA D-loop of 487bp in length. 147 individuals from 14 breeds were examined and 34 haplotypes were observed. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the highest haplotype diversity level was found in Dahen Chicken (DH) population, while the Arbor Acres Chicken (WF) and Roman layer (RM) showed lower genetic diversity levels. The long-term artificial selection may lead to reduced nucleotide diversity. Genetic population differentiation analysis indicated that most of the variation (80.80%) was attributed to variations among breeds. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these individuals were divided into four distinct genetic clades, including cluster A, B, C and D. Eighteen haplotypes were classified as cluster A, eight haplotypes were classified as cluster B, five haplotypes were classified as cluster C and three haplotypes were classified as cluster D. There was no breed-specific clade. Our study firstly identified the populations genetic structure of Chinese indigenous chickens and the most important commercial breeds in Sichuan province, though the genetic diversity of indigenous breeds did not suffer obvious decrease, but could be helpful for efficient artificial breeding selection and genetic resources conservation.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Análisis de Secuencia/veterinaria , Pollos/genética , Variación Genética , ADN Mitocondrial

RESUMEN

Chinese indigenous chicken breeds are geographically widespread, and a total of 116 indigenous chicken breeds are listed as Chinese national genetic resources. However, these indigenous chicken breeds are facing serious challenges as declining population and germplasm degeneration because lots of commercial chicken breeds had been introduced. In this study, the genetic variations of eleven Chinese indigenous chicken breeds of Sichuan province and three commercial chicken breeds were investigated based on the partial mitochondrial DNA D-loop of 487bp in length. 147 individuals from 14 breeds were examined and 34 haplotypes were observed. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the highest haplotype diversity level was found in Dahen Chicken (DH) population, while the Arbor Acres Chicken (WF) and Roman layer (RM) showed lower genetic diversity levels. The long-term artificial selection may lead to reduced nucleotide diversity. Genetic population differentiation analysis indicated that most of the variation (80.80%) was attributed to variations among breeds. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these individuals were divided into four distinct genetic clades, including cluster A, B, C and D. Eighteen haplotypes were classified as cluster A, eight haplotypes were classified as cluster B, five haplotypes were classified as cluster C and three haplotypes were classified as cluster D. There was no breed-specific clade. Our study firstly identified the populations genetic structure of Chinese indigenous chickens and the most important commercial breeds in Sichuan province, though the genetic diversity of indigenous breeds did not suffer obvious decrease, but could be helpful for efficient artificial breeding selection and genetic resources conservation.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Animales , Pollos/genética , Variación Genética , Análisis de Secuencia/veterinaria , ADN Mitocondrial

RESUMEN

Staphylococcus aureus colonization in the nares of patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery increases the potential risk of surgical site infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has gained recognition as a pathogen that is no longer only just a hospital-acquired pathogen. Patients positive for MRSA are associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality following infection. MRSA is commonly found in the nares, and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) is even more prevalent. Recently, studies have determined that screening for this pathogen prior to surgery and diminishing staphylococcal infections at the surgical site will dramatically reduce surgical site infections. A nasal mupirocin treatment is shown to significantly reduce the colonization of the pathogen. However, this treatment is expensive and is currently not available in China. Thus, in this study, we first sought to determine the prevalence of MSSA/MSRA in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery in northern China, and then, we treated the positive patients with a nasal povidone-iodine swab. Here, we demonstrate a successful reduction in the colonization of S. aureus. We propose that this treatment could serve as a cost-effective means of eradicating this pathogen in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery, which might reduce the rate of surgical site infections.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Povidona Yodada/uso terapéutico , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Electivos/economía , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/economía , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Nasal/microbiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Administración Intranasal , China , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Prospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Profilaxis Antibiótica/economía , Profilaxis Antibiótica/métodos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/crecimiento & desarrollo , Antiinfecciosos Locales/economía , Cavidad Nasal/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

Staphylococcus aureus colonization in the nares of patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery increases the potential risk of surgical site infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has gained recognition as a pathogen that is no longer only just a hospital-acquired pathogen. Patients positive for MRSA are associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality following infection. MRSA is commonly found in the nares, and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) is even more prevalent. Recently, studies have determined that screening for this pathogen prior to surgery and diminishing staphylococcal infections at the surgical site will dramatically reduce surgical site infections. A nasal mupirocin treatment is shown to significantly reduce the colonization of the pathogen. However, this treatment is expensive and is currently not available in China. Thus, in this study, we first sought to determine the prevalence of MSSA/MSRA in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery in northern China, and then, we treated the positive patients with a nasal povidone-iodine swab. Here, we demonstrate a successful reduction in the colonization of S. aureus. We propose that this treatment could serve as a cost-effective means of eradicating this pathogen in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery, which might reduce the rate of surgical site infections.

Asunto(s)

Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Electivos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Cavidad Nasal/microbiología , Procedimientos Ortopédicos , Povidona Yodada/uso terapéutico , Administración Intranasal , Adulto , Antiinfecciosos Locales/economía , Profilaxis Antibiótica/economía , Profilaxis Antibiótica/métodos , China , Estudios Transversales , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Electivos/economía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/crecimiento & desarrollo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cavidad Nasal/efectos de los fármacos , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/economía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Povidona Yodada/economía , Estudios Prospectivos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/prevención & control , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To investigate the potential candidate microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis, classification, and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: We use bioinformatics overlapping subclasses analysis to find the tumor grade and lymphatic metastasis-related GC specific miRNAs from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, we further investigated these GC specific miRNAs distributions in different GC clinical features and their correlations overall survival on the basis of GC patients' information and their related RNA sequencing profile from TCGA. Finally, we randomly selected some of key miRNAs use qRT-PCR to confirm the reliability and validity. RESULTS: 22 GC specific key miRNAs were identified (Fold-change >2, P < 0.05), 11 of them were discriminatively expressed with tumor size, grade, TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). In addition, nine miRNAs (miR-196b-5p, miR-135b-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-133a-3p, miR-486-5p, miR-144-5p, miR-129-5p and miR-145-5p) were found to be significantly associated with overall survival (log-rank P < 0.05). Finally, four key miRNAs (miR-183-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-30c-2-3p and miR-133a-3p) were randomly selected to validation and their expression levels in 53 newly diagnosed GC patients by qRT-PCR. Results showed that the fold-changes between TCGA and qRT-PCR were 100 % in agreement. We also found miR-183-5p and miR-486-5p were significantly correlated with tumor TNM stage (P < 0.05), and miR-30c-2-3p and miR-133a-3p were associated with tumor differentiation degree and lymph-node metastasis (P < 0.05). These verified miRNAs clinically relevant, and the bioinformatics analysis results were almost the same. CONCLUSION: These key miRNAs may functions as potential candidate biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis, classification and prognosis for GC.

Asunto(s)

Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Biología Computacional , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Clasificación del Tumor , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Pronóstico , Tasa de Supervivencia

RESUMEN

The interleukin-1α (IL-1α) gene appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of the IL-1 rs1800587 gene polymorphism to susceptibility to T1D in Chinese children. This case-control study included 332 Chinese children with T1D and 332 healthy controls. Identification of genetic variants of rs1800587 in the IL-1α gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification. The IL-1α rs1800587 polymorphism demonstrated a significant association with T1D risk. The allelic frequency significantly differed between the T1D and control groups [odds ratio (OR) = 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.52-0.86; P = 0.002]. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the dominant model (CC/CT + TT; OR = 0.6; 95%CI = 0.46-0.85; P = 0.003). In T1D patients, the prevalence of hypertension in T allele carriers was 4.2-fold higher than that in C allele carriers, (95%CI = 2.67-6.58; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the present study found evidence of a significant association between the rs1800587 polymorphism in the IL-1α gene and T1D.

Asunto(s)

Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Hipertensión/genética , Interleucina-1alfa/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Adolescente , Alelos , Pueblo Asiatico , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Preescolar , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/fisiopatología , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Frecuencia de los Genes , Heterocigoto , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Masculino , Modelos Genéticos , Oportunidad Relativa , Riesgo

RESUMEN

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in mismatch repair genes, especially in the MLH1 gene, are closely associated with susceptibility to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. However, few relevant findings are available regarding the association between sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC) and SNPs of MLH1 in Chinese patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the pathogenic association between three important MLH1 polymorphisms and SCRC in the Chinese population. Peripheral blood samples from 156 SCRC patients and 311 healthy controls were collected. DNA was purified from peripheral blood, and the V384D, R217C, and I219V polymorphisms were evaluated using high-resolution melting analysis and direct sequencing. The association between the three important MLH1 polymorphisms and clinical pathological features of the SCRC patients was analyzed. In addition, PMS2-MLH1 protein interactions were determined by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) to determine the protein functional alteration induced by these SNPs. Among the three polymorphisms, V384D was significantly associated with the risk of SCRC (OR = 31.36, P < 0.0001). The allele frequencies were 4.81 and 0.16% in the SCRC group. No association was found between SCRC and R217C, or between SCRC and I219V. Moreover, the allele frequency of R217C was significantly higher in the SCRC patients younger than 60 years than in those older than 60 years. Co-IP showed that the MLH1 R217C, V384D, and I219V variants had relative binding abilities with PMS2 of 0.59, 0.70, and 0.80, respectively, compared with the wild-type. These findings suggest that MLH1 V384D could be a promising genetic marker for susceptibility to SCRC.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Homólogo 1 de la Proteína MutL/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Endonucleasa PMS2 de Reparación del Emparejamiento Incorrecto/metabolismo , Homólogo 1 de la Proteína MutL/metabolismo , Unión Proteica

RESUMEN

We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between IL-10-G1082A (rs1800896) polymorphism and the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Chinese population. We recruited 295 CAD patients and 355 healthy controls from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between April 2012 and December 2014. Subjects were genotyped for IL-10-G1082A polymorphisms by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. We observed significant differences in the genotype frequencies of GG, AG, and AA between CAD patients and controls (χ(2) = 17.38, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that individuals with the AA genotype at IL-10-1082A/G was associated with increased risk for CAD as compared to those with the GG genotype (OR = 2.96, 95%CI = 1.70-5.23, P < 0.001). Our results indicated that IL-10 -1082A/G polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to CAD in both dominant (OR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.15-2.20, P = 0.004) and recessive (OR = 2.58, 95%CI = 1.53- 4.45, P < 0.001) models. In conclusion, our study suggests that IL-10- 1082A/G polymorphism is associated with an increased risk for CAD.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/genética , Interleucina-10/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación Missense

RESUMEN

Lead (Pb), a heavy metal, has become a crucial pollutant in soil and water, causing not only permanent and irreversible health problems, but also substantial reduction in crop yields. In this study, we conducted proteome analysis of the roots of the non-hyperaccumulator inbred maize line 9782 at four developmental stages (0, 12, 24, and 48 h) under Pb pollution using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification technology. A total of 252, 72 and 116 proteins were differentially expressed between M12 (after 12-h Pb treatment) and CK (water-mocked treatment), M24 (after 24-h Pb treatment) and CK, and M48 (after 48-h Pb treatment) and CK, respectively. In addition, 14 differentially expressed proteins were common within each comparison group. Moreover, Cluster of Orthologous Groups enrichment analysis revealed predominance of the proteins involved in posttranslational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones. Additionally, the changes in protein profiles showed a lower concordance with corresponding alterations in transcript levels, indicating important roles for transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation in the response of maize roots to Pb pollution. Furthermore, enriched functional categories between the successive comparisons showed that the proteins in functional categories of stress, redox, signaling, and transport were highly up-regulated, while those in the functional categories of nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, RNA, and protein metabolism were down-regulated. This information will help in furthering our understanding of the detailed mechanisms of plant responses to heavy metal stress by combining protein and mRNA profiles.

Asunto(s)

Plomo/toxicidad , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Raíces de Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Proteoma/genética , Contaminantes del Suelo/toxicidad , Transcriptoma , Zea mays/efectos de los fármacos , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Proteínas Portadoras/metabolismo , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Chaperonas Moleculares/genética , Chaperonas Moleculares/metabolismo , Anotación de Secuencia Molecular , Oxidación-Reducción , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Raíces de Plantas/genética , Raíces de Plantas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Raíces de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteoma/metabolismo , ARN de Planta/genética , ARN de Planta/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Estrés Fisiológico , Zea mays/genética , Zea mays/crecimiento & desarrollo , Zea mays/metabolismo

RESUMEN

Pancreatic ß-cell dysfunction is a central component of the pathogenesis of pediatric diabetes. MicroRNA (miRNA) have become one of the most encouraging and fruitful fields in biological research, and have been implicated as new players in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications. The role of miRNA in diabetes begins with the development of pancreatic islets. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 enhances glucose uptake in adipocytes, protecting transgenic animals from diet-induced obesity when overexpressed, and lowers blood glucose and triglyceride levels in diabetic animals (when administered); therefore, it is a good way to treat diabetes. However, the mechanism of miRNA in regulation of FGF21 is not known. In this study, FGF-21 was predicted to be the target of miR-577. Therefore, we investigated the effects of miR-577 on ß-cell function and survival by targeting FGF-21. We demonstrated that, although FGF-21 does not acutely stimulate insulin secretion in isolated islets from normal rats, it increases insulin secretion and insulin content in diabetic islets and protects ß-cells from apoptosis via the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt signaling pathways.

Asunto(s)

Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/genética , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Sitios de Unión , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/genética , Células Cultivadas , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/química , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Insulina/biosíntesis , Ratones , MicroARNs/química , Interferencia de ARN , Transducción de Señal

RESUMEN

Here, we characterized the structure and function of the coagulation factor II (FII) gene in grass carp and determined its role in coagulation mechanisms. The FII gene EST was obtained using a constructed splenic transcriptome database; the full-length FII gene sequence was obtained by 3' and 5' RACE. The open reading frame (ORF) of FII was cloned and the full-length gene was found to be 1718 bp, with an ORF of 1572 bp; the gene contained a 25 bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and 108 bp 3'-UTR. The ORF encoded 524 amino acids, including 74 alkaline amino acids (arginine and lysine) and 69 acidic amino acids (aspartic acid and glutamic acid). The theoretical pI was 6.22. The calculated instability index (II) was 39.81, indicating that FII was a stable protein; the half-life period was predicted to be approximately 30 h. Amino acid sequence comparisons indicated that grass carp FII showed most similarity (71%) to FII of Takifugu rubripes, followed by Oplegnathus fasciatus (48% similarity) and Larimichthys crocea (47% similarity). A real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that under normal circumstances, FII was most highly expressed in the liver, followed by the gill, spleen, thymus, and head-kidney (P < 0.001). After injection of the grass carp reovirus 873 (GCRV873), the pattern of FII expression was significantly altered (P < 0.001); gene expression was high after injection, suggesting a response involving the initiation of the coagulation system and defense of the body in combination with the platelet and complement system.

Asunto(s)

Carpas/genética , Clonación Molecular , Expresión Génica , Protrombina/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , ADN Complementario , Evolución Molecular , Modelos Moleculares , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Especificidad de Órganos/genética , Filogenia , Conformación Proteica , Protrombina/química , Empalme del ARN , ARN Mensajero/genética , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN

RESUMEN

In Petunia x hybrida 'Fantasy Red', a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) gene referred to as PhLRR, was identified in a flower bud cDNA library. The open reading frame sequence of PhLRR was 1251 bp, encoding a putative 46.2-kDa protein of 416 amino acids. The PhLRR protein showed high similarity to members of polygalacturonase inhibitor proteins (PGIPs), contained 11 conserved LRR domains, and was an extracellular localization protein. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PhLRR belonged to the same PGIPs subfamily as SHY, indicating that PhLRR may be involved in the development of pollen-like SHY. Expression analysis revealed that PhLRR was abundantly expressed during early stages of flower bud and anther development, while it was not detected in any other examined organs, such as sepals, petals, pistils, roots, stems, leaves, or open flowers. Furthermore, many cis-acting elements (such as AGAAA and GTGA) related to anther-specific gene expression were identified in the PhLRR gene promoter region, indicating that the promoter is also anther-specific. These results suggested that PhLRR is a novel anther-specific gene that may be essential for the early development of anthers.

Asunto(s)

Flores/genética , Genes de Plantas , Petunia/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Clonación Molecular , ADN Complementario/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Proteínas Repetidas Ricas en Leucina , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Especificidad de Órganos/genética , Filogenia , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Proteínas/química , Proteínas/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN

RESUMEN

The impact of complete and incomplete colonic obstruction on the short- and long-term outcomes of malignant colorectal cancer has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was a difference in the impacts of the 2 types of obstruction on the short- and long-term outcomes of colorectal resection. This study included 224 colorectal cancer patients (162 patients with incomplete obstruction and 62 with complete obstruction) with left-sided malignant colonic obstruction who underwent surgical therapy between February 2007 and September 2012. The short- and long-term outcomes of surgical therapy were analyzed. No significant difference was found between the 2 groups with regard to short-term outcomes such as the curative resection rate (80.86 vs 70.97%, P = 0.109), hospital stay time (24.20 ± 16.01 vs 24.19 ± 12.06, P = 0.999), and the overall and respective complications (32.72 vs 46.77%, P = 0.051). Furthermore, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups with regard to long-term outcomes including the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates (P = 0.089), recurrence rates (P = 0.711), and recurrence-free survival rates (P = 0.440). The 2 types of obstruction, i.e., complete and incomplete left-sided malignant colonic obstruction, had no impact on the short- and long-term outcomes of colorectal resection. Similar therapeutic methods can be used for treating both types of obstruction.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias del Colon/complicaciones , Obstrucción Intestinal/etiología , Anciano , Neoplasias del Colon/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Nuclear receptor coactivator amplified in breast cancer-1 (AIB1), a new oncogenic coactivator, is commonly overexpressed and amplified in variety of human cancers. However, the expression of AIB1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the major histologic type of thyroid cancer, and its clinical significance are still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: AIB1 expression in PTC was examined by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays comprised of 90 primary PTC, 46 matched lymph node, and 20 normal thyroid tissue specimens in this study. RESULTS: In the normal thyroid specimens, AIB1 expression was either absent or at low levels. In contrast, AIB1 overexpression was detected in 50 of 83 (60.2 %) primary PTC specimens. Up-regulated AIB1 was evident in 39 of 46 (73.5 %) matched lymph nodes. Overexpression of AIB1 was observed more frequently in PTCs with lymph node metastasis [N1a/N1b, 39/46 (73.5 %)] versus PTCs without lymph node metastasis [N0, 14/34 (41.2 %)]. Furthermore, high-level AIB1 expression was only observed in the lymph node-positive specimens. Moreover, we found no correlation between AIB1 expression and ER expression in PTC tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that overexpression of AIB1 may be a biomarker for tumorigenesis and progression of PTC and may play an important role in its acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma Papilar/metabolismo , Coactivador 3 de Receptor Nuclear/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma Papilar/patología , Niño , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Análisis de Matrices Tisulares , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Thromboelastography (TEG®) provides a functional evaluation of coagulation. It has characteristics of an ideal coagulation test for trauma, but is not frequently used, partially due to lack of both standardized techniques and normal values. We determined normal values for our population, compared them to those of the manufacturer and evaluated the effect of gender, age, blood type, and ethnicity. The technique was standardized using citrated blood, kaolin and was performed on a Haemoscope 5000 device. Volunteers were interviewed and excluded if pregnant, on anticoagulants or having a bleeding disorder. The TEG® parameters analyzed were R, K, á, MA, LY30, and coagulation index. All volunteers outside the manufacturer’s normal range underwent extensive coagulation investigations. Reference ranges for 95 percent for 118 healthy volunteers were R: 3.8-9.8 min, K: 0.7-3.4 min, á: 47.8-77.7 degrees, MA: 49.7-72.7 mm, LY30: -2.3-5.77 percent, coagulation index: -5.1-3.6. Most values were significantly different from those of the manufacturer, which would have diagnosed coagulopathy in 10 volunteers, for whom additional investigation revealed no disease (81 percent specificity). Healthy women were significantly more hypercoagulable than men. Aging was not associated with hypercoagulability and East Asian ethnicity was not with hypocoagulability. In our population, the manufacturer’s normal values for citrated blood-kaolin had a specificity of 81 percent and would incorrectly identify 8.5 percent of the healthy volunteers as coagulopathic. This study supports the manufacturer’s recommendation that each institution should determine its own normal values before adopting TEG®, a procedure which may be impractical. Consideration should be given to a multi-institutional study to establish wide standard values for TEG®.

Asunto(s)

Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Coagulación Sanguínea/fisiología , Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos , Grupos Raciales , Valores de Referencia , Tromboelastografía

RESUMEN

Thromboelastography (TEG) provides a functional evaluation of coagulation. It has characteristics of an ideal coagulation test for trauma, but is not frequently used, partially due to lack of both standardized techniques and normal values. We determined normal values for our population, compared them to those of the manufacturer and evaluated the effect of gender, age, blood type, and ethnicity. The technique was standardized using citrated blood, kaolin and was performed on a Haemoscope 5000 device. Volunteers were interviewed and excluded if pregnant, on anticoagulants or having a bleeding disorder. The TEG parameters analyzed were R, K, alpha, MA, LY30, and coagulation index. All volunteers outside the manufacturer's normal range underwent extensive coagulation investigations. Reference ranges for 95% for 118 healthy volunteers were R: 3.8-9.8 min, K: 0.7-3.4 min, alpha: 47.8-77.7 degrees, MA: 49.7-72.7 mm, LY30: -2.3-5.77%, coagulation index: -5.1-3.6. Most values were significantly different from those of the manufacturer, which would have diagnosed coagulopathy in 10 volunteers, for whom additional investigation revealed no disease (81% specificity). Healthy women were significantly more hypercoagulable than men. Aging was not associated with hypercoagulability and East Asian ethnicity was not with hypocoagulability. In our population, the manufacturer's normal values for citrated blood-kaolin had a specificity of 81% and would incorrectly identify 8.5% of the healthy volunteers as coagulopathic. This study supports the manufacturer's recommendation that each institution should determine its own normal values before adopting TEG, a procedure which may be impractical. Consideration should be given to a multi-institutional study to establish wide standard values for TEG.

Asunto(s)

Coagulación Sanguínea/fisiología , Adulto , Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Grupos Raciales , Valores de Referencia , Tromboelastografía