RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Children who undergo treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma are at risk for several long-term health problems. Obesity, for which survivors of ALL and lymphoma are also at risk, may further exacerbate these problems. This pilot study evaluates changes in physical activity and body composition among children being treated for ALL and lymphoma and their parents. PROCEDURES: Recently diagnosed adolescent ALL and lymphoma patients were recruited from 2 pediatric hematology and oncology clinics, and matched on age, race, and sex to healthy individuals in the community. Changes in diet, physical activity, and body composition were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: All children (n=15) were, on average, 10.3 years of age at enrollment, and were fairly evenly distributed with regard to sex. Analyses revealed a significant difference between cases and controls with respect to the change in body mass index from baseline to 12 months (P=0.01). In addition, controls demonstrated a significantly greater increase in moderate-vigorous physical activity than the cases [229.8 metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) vs. 23.5 METs]; indicating cases remained fairly inactive over the course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our data corroborate previous findings that following treatment for ALL and lymphoma, childhood cancer survivors tend to be less active and at greater risk for obesity than their healthy peers. The present study, which assessed cases prospectively over a 12-month period during the early phases of treatment, extends prior reports by demonstrating that these outcomes are evident at an early stage in treatment.
Asunto(s)
Composición Corporal , Dieta , Linfoma/complicaciones , Actividad Motora , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/complicaciones , Sobrevivientes/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Antropometría , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Proyectos Piloto , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Lifestyle factors related to energy balance, including weight, dietary behavior and physical activity, are associated with cancer risk. The period of childhood and growth into adolescence and early adulthood may re-present a 'cumulative risk' for later adult-onset cancers. We review a number of epidemiologic studies that have examined associations among childhood and adolescent body size, diet, and physical activity with adult cancer risk. These studies suggest that unhealthy behaviors that develop early in life and persist over time may increase the risk of some cancer types, such as premenopausal breast, ovarian, endometrial, colon and renal cancer, adversely affect cancer-related morbidities, and increase mortality. Continued research is needed to further determine and refine how timing and degree of such exposures in early childhood and adolescence relate to adult cancer risk. Presently, sufficient evidence suggests a continued need for stronger primary prevention in cancer and obesity research via modified lifestyle behaviors earlier in the developmental spectrum, i.e. during childhood and adolescence.
Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria , Actividad Motora , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Peso Corporal , Niño , Humanos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Looks at reproductive health policies and programs in eight countries. In-depth interviews in 1997 with stakeholders in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Jordan, Ghana, Senegal, Jamaica and Peru; Adoption of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development in six of the eight countries studied; Discussion of implementation problems.(AU)