RESUMEN
Leptospirosis, a common form of zoonosis, especially in rainy countries, is caused by Leptospira interrogans. In our region of Turkey this type of disease has often been encountered in connection with rice harvesting and we therefore attempted to evaluate the prevalence of L. interrogans in wild rats in our region. Fifty-nine Rattus norvegicus rats were trapped alive in different areas of an approximately 100 km stretch of seashore in the Middle Black Sea region of Turkey. L. interrogans was determined by PCR in sera, kidney and brain tissue. Sixteen (27.1%) kidney samples and 10 brain tissue samples (16.9%) were positive for L. interrogans. No PCR positivity was seen in sera samples. Five sera were positive by microagglutination test. A large proportion of wild rats in our region were found to be carriers of L. interrogans. We conclude that people who are exposed to rat urine in their daily life are at risk of acquiring L. interrogans.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Leptospira interrogans/aislamiento & purificación , Ratas/microbiología , Pruebas de Aglutinación , Animales , Encéfalo/microbiología , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Humanos , Riñón/microbiología , Leptospira interrogans/inmunología , Leptospira interrogans/patogenicidad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Prevalencia , TurquíaRESUMEN
The rate of infectious complications of leech therapy is almost 20% because Hirudo medicinalis has endosymbiotic bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial flora of H. medicinalis and their antibiotic sensitivities in a region in Turkey. Sixteen adult leeches were collected in Middle Black Sea region, Turkey. They were rubbed onto blood agar plates directly under ether anesthesia to obtain surface cultures. They were then killed to obtain mouth and gut cultures. Culture swabs were applied to blood agar, eosin methylene blue agar, and ampicillin blood agar plates. Gut contents were applied to blood culture medium as well. Bacteria were isolated in 15 of 16 leech surfaces, in 7 of 16 mouths, and in 15 of 16 guts. Isolated bacteria were identified with Analytical Profile Index 32 E and Analytical Profile Index 20 NE (fermentative and nonfermentative respectively). Most common types of cultured bacteria were Aeromonas hydrophila (N = 25), Ochrobacter anthropi (N = 23), nonfermenting Gram-negative rods (N = 12), Acinetobacter lwoffi (N = 3), and A. sobria (N = 2) in 73 isolates. A standard disk diffusion test was performed on isolated bacteria. All isolates were 100% susceptible to ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Because leeches are carriers of Aeromonas and other bacteria, appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis should be administrated to the patient who needs leech therapy. Antibacterial agents can be determined by the resistance pattern of the bacterial flora of regional H. medicinalis.
Asunto(s)
Sanguijuelas/microbiología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Animales , Intestinos/microbiología , Boca/microbiología , TurquíaRESUMEN
A possible agent for human non-A-E hepatitis has been identified and named hepatitis G virus (HGV). HGV is also a flavivirus, and the clinical characteristics and risk factors of HGV infection may be similar to those of hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatitis C virus infection may manifest as a primary glomerulonephritis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of serum HGV RNA in 98 adult patients with biopsy-proven glomerular diseases. We found that only 3 patients (3%) out of 98 with primary glomerulonephritis had HGV RNA. One of 59 (1.7%) healthy controls was serum HGV RNA positive (p > 0.05). The prevalence of serum HGV RNA was low in the patients with primary glomerulonephritis.
Asunto(s)
Flaviviridae , Glomerulonefritis/complicaciones , Glomerulonefritis/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/análisis , Hepatitis Viral Humana/complicaciones , Hepatitis Viral Humana/inmunología , Adulto , Anciano , Alanina Transaminasa/metabolismo , Femenino , Glomerulonefritis/enzimología , Humanos , Pruebas de Función Renal , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , ARN Viral/genética , ARN Viral/aislamiento & purificaciónAsunto(s)
Eritropoyetina/uso terapéutico , Flaviviridae , Hepatitis Viral Humana/transmisión , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Anemia/etiología , Femenino , Hepatitis Viral Humana/prevención & control , Hepatitis Viral Humana/virología , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas RecombinantesRESUMEN
A possible agent for human non-A-E hepatitis has been identified and named hepatitis G virus (HGV). The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of serum HGV-RNA among hemodialysis patients in our country and the possible correlations of serum HGV-RNA with antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), chronic liver dysfunction, number of blood transfusions, serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag), duration of hemodialysis therapy, history of renal transplantation and patients' age and sex. Seventy-eight hemodialysis patients and 59 healthy controls were included in the study. Twenty-seven of 78 hemodialysis patients (34.6%) and two of the 59 healthy controls were serum HGV-RNA positive (p < 0.01, x2 = 17.8). There was no significant difference between the HGV-RNA positive and HGV-RNA negative groups regarding mean duration of dialysis therapy, anti-HCV, chronic liver dysfunction, number of blood transfusions, serum HBs Ag, duration of hemodialysis therapy, history of renal transplantation and patients' age and sex. In conclusion, hemodialysis patients carry the risk for HGV infection and transmission routes and clinical significance of HGV infection in these patients remain to be defined.